Pubmedia Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Indonesia
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Teacher's experiences of religious education teaching : A qualitative interview study of religious education teachers' experiences and perceptions in religious education teaching
No full textSyftet med studien är att undersöka religionslärares upplevelser av religionskunskapsundervisningen i årskurs 4–6, med fokus på hur en respektfull och inkluderande lärandemiljö främjas. Vidare syftar studien till att analysera religionslärares arbetssätt och hur dessa påverkar undervisningens innehåll, elevers engagemang och elevers förståelse av religioner. Metoden som jag har använt i studien var semistrukturerade intervjuer med tio religionslärare. En kvalitativ metodansats genomfördes på samtliga intervjuer med religionslärare och en intervjuguide användes för att få fram intervjusvaren. Materialet tolkades med hjälp av innehållsanalys. Studiens resultat visar att religionslärare tycker att det är en glädje att ta del av elevernas tankar och idéer om de olika religionerna. Religionslärarna brukar samarbeta med övriga lärare för att utveckla undervisningen. Resultaten visar att lärare i religionskunskapsundervisningen tycker att det är intressant och roligt att undervisa i ämnet religion. Däremot upplever religionslärare att det finns utmaningar som de möter i undervisningen, detta påverkar lärarnas arbetsform och lärandemiljö i klassrummet. Resultaten visar även att tidsbristen utgör en utmaning i arbetet. Religionslärarna står inför didaktiska val som blir avgörande för elevernas kunskaper i religionsämnet. Det är betydelsefullt för elevernas lärande att religionslärare samarbetar med andra lärare i verksamheten. Religionslärarna uppfattar religionsämnet viktigt och ser till att undervisningen väcker elevernas intresse och nyfikenhet genom bilder, tankekartor, filmer, aktiviteter och läroböcker
Decomposition of non-CO2 GHGs via photocatalysis over TiO2 and ZnO
No full textMethane (CH₄) is a major greenhouse gas whose global warming potential greatly exceeds that of carbon dioxide (CO2). Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) represent notable sources of low-level methane emissions that are difficult to mitigate through conventional treatment processes. This research explores photocatalysis as a sustainable and energyefficient method for methane decomposition under ambient conditions. Two metal oxide photocatalysts, titanium dioxide (TiO₂) and zinc oxide (ZnO), were evaluated under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to determine their effectiveness in degrading methane. Experimental trials using air with approximately 2 ppm CH₄ indicated negligible methane conversion under the applied conditions, suggesting that enhancements in light intensity, reactor configuration, and catalyst modification are necessary. Furthermore, a feasibility assessment using Ag–ZnO photocatalyst data revealed a maximum instantaneous efficiency of 23.7 % under strong solar irradiation, with an average annual efficiency of around 5 %. While these results support photocatalysis as a viable pathway for methane abatement, challenges related to catalyst durability and overall efficiency currently restrict its application on a large scale.Energiteknik Katalytiska processe
Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda patienter med demenssjukdom : - En litteraturöversikt
No full textSmart Circular Business Model for Electric Vehicle Batteries : A Proposal of a Conceptual Framework
No full textTransitioning to a circular economy for electric vehicle (EV) batteries requires both systemic circular business models (CBMs) innovation and practical implementation, where the 10R strategies (refuse,rethink, reduce, reuse, repair, refurbish, remanufacture, reuse, recycle, and recover) provide more operational approaches within the battery lifecycle. Smart CBMs integrate digital technologies intoCBMs to enable real-time data use, automation, and optimization across the battery lifecycle.However, the understanding of how these technologies support CBMs, particularly regarding the 10R, lacks conceptual integration at strategic and operational levels. Hence, the study contributes to map the literature on smart circular business strategies for EV batteries and identifies five key dimensions for smart CBMs: digital technologies, battery ecosystem actors, service types and KPIs, policies, barriers and enablers, and 10R strategies. A conceptual framework is then proposed to illustrate how the interconnections support smart CBM development in the EV battery ecosystem
A Model-Based Test Script Generation Framework and Industrial Insight
No full textModel-based testing (MBT) generates test cases through a model representing the software under test (SUT). The generated abstract test cases need to be transformed into concrete or executable test scripts. Despite the benefits offered by MBT, its industrial adoption is slow. This paper aims to propose a Model-Based Test scrIpt GenEration fRamework (TIGER) based on GraphWalker (GW), an open-source MBT tool, to evaluate the accuracy of generated test scripts to reflect real-world scenarios defined by the model, and to report on the findings of an industrial survey on MBT adoption. We have validated the robustness of the TIGER using an industrial case study from Alstom Rail AB, Sweden. We have injected faults into the model of the SUT based on three mutation operators to generate faulty test scripts. The aim of generating faulty test scripts is to produce failing test steps and to guarantee the absence of faults in the SUT. Moreover, we have also generated the test scripts using the correct version of the model and executed them to analyze the behavior of the generated test scripts in comparison with manually written test scripts. The experimental results show that the generated test scripts are executable, provide 100% requirements coverage, and can be used to uncover faults at the software-in-the-loop simulation level of system testing. Additionally, the analysis of the survey data reveals that MBT can address most of the identified testing challenges, but there remain certain barriers to its adoption
An Efficient Architecture for Edge AI Federated Learning With Homomorphic Encryption
No full textWith the rapid growth of edge AI applications, there is an increasing demand for federated learning (FL) frameworks that are both efficient and privacy-preserving. This work introduces a robust approach that leverages homomorphic encryption (HE) to ensure data confidentiality during decentralized training. To tackle the typical challenges of FL-such as high communication overhead, resource limitations, and convergence inefficiencies-our method integrates dynamic client clustering, quantization-aware training, and structured model pruning. These optimizations collectively reduce latency and memory consumption while accelerating model convergence. Evaluations using the Human Activity Recognition dataset show that the proposed approach outperforms several state-of-the-art FL methods, achieving an average increase of +8.4% in accuracy, -16.2% lower latency, -35.1% reduction in memory usage, and -2.7% lower security overhead. These results demonstrate its suitability for real-time, resource-constrained scenarios in domains like healthcare, IoT, and finance, where maintaining a strong balance between efficiency and privacy is essential
Barnlitteraturkritikens ordning
No full textBased on computational analyses of book reviews of children’s literature in relation to other literary criticism from the years 2006 and 2016 in daily press and book blogs, this study examines the discursive order of children’s book reviews. The study is inspired by the analytical model employed by Lina Samuelsson in Kritikens ordning (2013). Specifically we focus on the characteristics of children’s book criticism and questions whether it differs from other literary reviews, and if so, how. The article identifies several essential features present in children’s book reviews, and discusses possible differences between reviews in the daily press and those on book blogs. We conclude that our mixed-methods approach – “computational” combined with “traditional” – allows us to highlight both similarities and differences between children's literature criticism and literary criticism in general, and that there is value in examining children’s book reviewing from both digital and traditional perspectives
Development of an eHealth Intervention Including Self-Management for Reducing Sedentary Time in the Transition to Retirement : Participatory Design Study
No full textBackground: Having a great amount of sedentary time is common among older adults and increases with age. There is a strong need for tools to reduce sedentary time and promote adherence to reduced sedentary time, for which eHealth interventions have the potential to be useful. Interventions for reducing sedentary time in older adults have been found to be more effective when elements of self-management are included. When creating new eHealth interventions, accessibility and effectiveness can be increased by including end users as co-designers in the development process. Objective: The aim was to explore the desired features of an eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time and promoting adherence to reduced sedentary time in older adults transitioning from working life to retirement. Further, the aim was to develop a digital prototype of such an eHealth intervention. Methods: The study used the participatory design approach to include end users, researchers, and a web designer as equal partners. Three workshops were conducted with 6 older adults transitioning to retirement, 2 researchers, and 1 web designer. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the data from the workshops. Results: Participants expressed a desire for an easy-to-use eHealth intervention, which could be accessed from mobile phones, tablets, and computers, and could be individualized to the user. The most important features for reducing sedentary time were those involving finding joyful activities, setting goals, and getting information regarding reduced sedentary time. Participants expressed that the eHealth intervention would need to first provide the user with knowledge regarding sedentary time, then offer features for measuring sedentary time and for setting goals, and lastly provide support in finding joyful activities to perform in order to avoid being sedentary. According to the participants, an eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time in older adults in the transition to retirement should be concise, accessible, and enjoyable. A digital prototype of such an eHealth intervention was developed. Conclusions: The developed eHealth intervention including self-management for reducing sedentary time in older adults transitioning to retirement is intended to facilitate behavior change by encouraging the user to participate in autonomously motivated activities. It uses several behavior change techniques, such as goal setting and action planning through mental contrasting and implementation intention, as well as shaping knowledge. Its active components for reducing sedentary time can be explained using the integrated behavior change model. Further research is needed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of the eHealth intervention
Lärares didaktiska val av digitala lärresurser : Inre och yttre påverkansfaktorer
No full textThe overall aim of the dissertation is to deepen the understanding of how teachers, both individually and in groups, make didactic choices regarding the use of digital learning resources (DLR) in teaching, as well as the internal and external factors that influence these choices. The dissertation is grounded in didactic theory and is based on a combined methodological analysis, where a life history analysis is complemented by two survey studies with statistical analyses. Teachers' didactic choices of DLR are influenced by the social and historical context, where both individual and collective aspects play a role and include relationships, differences, and influencing factors. The life history analysis contributes a personal perspective and describes how upper secondary school teachers' didactic motives, considerations, and choices are shaped and developed over time. The first survey study characterizes new, unique DLR-teacher profiles for upper secondary school teachers, focusing on the didactic use of DLR. The study shows that a teaching degree is important for didactic practice with DLR. The second survey study examines the factors that influence teachers' use of DLR. The results indicate that a favorable school environment, social support, previous work experience, education, and personal interests are all important factors, but that student-oriented factors have the greatest impact. Many teachers use DLR in different ways as didactic support in teaching, but a smaller group experiences difficulties in managing DLR, which can cause stress. In summary, the dissertation provides new insights and a deeper understanding of the teacher's role as a reflective practitioner who makes meaningful didactic choices regarding DLR and the factors that influence these choices. This deeper understanding highlights that teachers' purposes, digital didactic capacity, subject interest, and willingness to help students are crucial for their didactic choices. The findings are highly relevant for teachers, teacher educators, principals, school leaders, and policymakers, as they can help improve the conditions for teachers' instructional practices and students' learning in a digitalized school environment.Det övergripande syftet med avhandlingen är att fördjupa förståelsen för varför och hur lärare, både individuellt och i grupp, gör didaktiska val av digitala lärresurser (DLR) i undervisningen samt vilka inre och yttre faktorer som påverkar dessa val. Avhandlingen är grundad i didaktisk teori och bygger på en kombinerad metodanalys, där en livshistorieanalys kompletteras med två enkätstudier med statistiska analyser. Lärares didaktiska val av DLR påverkas av den sociala och historiska kontexten, där både individuella och kollektiva aspekter spelar en roll och inkluderar samband, skillnader och påverkansfaktorer. Livshistorieanalysen bidrar med ett personligt perspektiv och beskriver hur gymnasielärares didaktiska motiv, överväganden och val formas och utvecklas över tid. Den första enkätstudien karaktäriserar nya, unika DLR-lärarprofiler för gymnasielärare med fokus på den didaktiska användningen av DLR. Studien visar att en lärarexamen är viktig för den didaktiska praktiken med DLR. Den andra enkätstudien undersöker vilka faktorer som påverkar lärarnas användning av DLR. Resultaten visar att en gynnsam skolmiljö, socialt stöd, tidigare arbetslivserfarenhet, utbildning och personliga intressen alla är viktiga faktorer, men att elevorienterade faktorer har störst påverkan. Många lärare använder DLR på olika sätt som didaktiskt stöd i undervisningen, men en mindre grupp upplever svårigheter med att hantera DLR, vilket kan orsaka stress. Sammanfattningsvis ger avhandlingen nya insikter och en fördjupad förståelse för lärarens roll som reflekterande praktiker som gör meningsfulla didaktiska val av DLR och de faktorer som påverkar dessa val. Denna fördjupade förståelse visar att lärarnas syften, digitala didaktiska kapacitet, ämnesintresse och vilja att hjälpa eleverna är avgörande för de didaktiska valen. Resultaten är av stor betydelse för lärare, lärarutbildare, rektorer, skolledare och beslutsfattare, då de kan bidra till att förbättra förutsättningarna för lärares undervisning och elevers lärande i en digitaliserad skola
Rörelsen och barnet : En fenomenologiskt inspirerad litteraturstudie om rörelse och bildning i förskola och grundskola
No full textStudiens syfte var att skapa förståelse om rörelsens betydelse för barnets bildning i skolsammanhang utifrån ett fenomenologiskt perspektiv. Forskningsöversikt var den metod som användes för att sammanställa och analysera forskning om barnet, bildningen och rörelsen. Analysen utgick från Merleau-Ponty's teori "Kroppens fenomenologi" och Thomas Kumlins avhandling (2006) som diskuterar hur kroppserfarenhet påverkar förståelsen av världen och oss själva. Dessa sammanflätades med de artiklar som studerades för att sedan besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Resultaten visade att de undersökta artiklarna hade en optimistisk syn på kroppsrörelsen gällande barnens utveckling. Rörelsen bidrog dessutom positivt till deras övergripande bildning. Slutsatser som kan dras är att fenomenologiperspektivet kan bidra till att skapa en mer holistisk förståelse av barns lärande och utveckling genom kroppsrörelsen, där barnet ses som ett subjekt med en objektiv kropp vilket är ett hjälpmedel för den individuella bildningen. Detta perspektiv ger en synvinkel på rörelsens kärna, vilket har en stark korrelation med människans utforskande karaktär. Den inspirerar också skolvärlden till att skapa nya undervisningsmetoder som är både akademiskt effektiva och stödjer barnens emotionella, kroppsliga och sociala välbefinnande. Med rörelsens kärna menas de olika synsätten som tas upp i denna uppsats, som är synen på kroppen som objekt eller som subjekt. Relevansen studien har är att den lyfter fram behovet av att integrera rörelse i utbildningsmiljöer för att bättre stödja barns lärande samt individuella behov.