Pubmedia Jurnal Penelitian Tindakan Kelas Indonesia
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Mathematics curriculum materials’ correlation with the official curriculum’s core content
No full textDenna studie är en läromedelsanalys där tre vanligt förekommande läromedel har analyserats: Favoritmatematik, Rik matematik och Mattekojan. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur läromedel uppfyller innehållet i det centrala innehållet för årskurs 1–3 i den aktuella läroplanen för år 2022. Metoden som studien använt sig av är innehållsanalys med ett kodningsschema. Resultatet av studien visar att läromedlen uppnår till viss del alla innehållspunkter i den nuvarande läroplanen Lgr22 och att de olika matematiska områdena är jämntfördelade mellan årskurs och termin i de olika läromedlen. Studien har ett teoretiskt ramverk som beskriver sambandet mellan läroplan, läromedel och undervisning. Ramverket benämns i studien som modellen som beskrivs i 2.3. Resultatet diskuteras utifrån den teoretiska modellen som beskriver sambandet mellan läromedel och styrdokument. Slutsatsen är att lärare behöver granska sina valda läromedel utifrån det centrala innehållet för årskurs 1–3 innananvändning i undervisningen som har en stor betydelse för lärare. Läromedelsförfattare behöver anpassa läromedlet utifrån användningsområdeoch faktiska behov som lärare har i klassrummet, vilket gör att det finns behov av vidare forskning inom området
Expert System with Maintenance-on-Demand Capabilities for Mine Safety : A Bayesian Network Model Approach
No full textMining, one of the world's oldest industries, has historically played a significant role in social and economic development. However, as near-surface mineral deposits are progressively depleted, the industry faces the challenge of exploring and extracting resources at increasingly greater depths. In recent years, automation has emerged as a key trend in mining. Much like the development of self-driving cars, robotic lawnmowers, and other technologies designed to perform tasks deemed too hazardous or monotonous for humans, the mining industry is advancing toward greater automation. Some companies envision a future in which no human workers are required underground, thus marking the beginning of a transition to fully autonomous mining operations. This vision includes fully automated mines with processes monitored and optimized to achieve productivity and safety objectives. Significant progress has already been made, such as the Aitik mine operated by Boliden became the first in Europe to introduce self-driving trucks equipped with a variety of sensors to operate safely and avoid harming people or animals. An important concern in mining is the safety of humans and equipment in the mine operation to maintain productivity. The major safety concerns constitute fires and leakage of gases. Despite the advancements, fires remain a persistent issue in mining operations, occurring approximately once a week in Swedish mines, with similar frequencies reported globally. Notably, 80 % of these fires originate from mining vehicles and 80 % of those fires is caused by hydraulic oil leakage. Smoke from fires poses severe risks, including potential injuries, fatalities, and costly production halts. Additionally, explosive and toxic gases can delay operations. The current "fire alarm" in underground mines often relies on manual detection by miners. Developing reliable fire detection systems is a critical step toward realizing the vision of autonomous mining. Early detection of faulty equipment such as overheated cables or motors, is essential to prevent fires from escalating. Similarly, identifying oil leaks in motors or hydraulic systems can mitigate fire risks. Various sensors, particularly gas sensors, for early detection of gases are proposed for installation on mining machines based on the results of rigorous on-site and offsite experiments. Among the sensor technologies the photoionization detector (PID) technique, based on Albert Einstein’s Nobel Prize-winning work in Physics (1921), stood out. In PID sensors, organic molecules are excited by ultraviolet (UV) light. These molecules then pass through an electric field, generating an electrical pulse upon striking an electrode, which allows for quantification. Various PID sensors with sensitivities ranging from parts per million (ppm) to parts per billion (ppb) have been tested. Notably, the ppb-sensitive sensors demonstrated promising results in detecting gases emitted at early stages, such as from overheated cables. Mounting gas sensors on mining machines offer several advantages, such as proximity to fire sources, adaptability to changes in mining areas, simplified maintenance and calibration, and integrated data logging that facilitates correlation with machine data. To summarize, this thesis proposes a comprehensive framework utilizing Bayesian Network creating an expert system architecture with maintenance-on-demand capabilities. This approach aims to enable predictive maintenance and enhance safety by identifying potential hazards before they escalate. In addition, other tools were experimented with, for instance drones providing visual feedback when miners are no longer working underground, or for measuring gases. Furthermore, new technologies such as augmented reality (AR) were experimented with, and the conclusion is that AR can play a role in improving human interaction in the troubleshooting process when support is needed to solve a problem and thus contributes to achieving the net goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions.N/
Developing student-teachers’ interactional competence through video-enhanced reflection : a discursive timeline analysis of negative evaluation in classroom interaction
No full textThis article presents a case study of a student-teacher’s change in classroom interactional practices as she engages in video-enhanced reflections and collaborative feedback encounters during her practicum in Sweden. We specifically focus on an interactional practice that can be observed in many classrooms: teachers’ use of (overt) negative evaluation (i.e. ‘No!’) that immediately follows learners’ incorrect answers. Using discursive timeline analysis (DTA), which is a combination of Conversation Analysis and Interactional Ethnography, we track the use of the focal interactional phenomenon across (1) video-recorded classroom interactions, (2) audio-recorded triadic post observation conferences, (3) student-teacher portfolios, and (4) interviews. We demonstrate that after getting video-based feedback with a video-tagging tool (i.e. VEO) and reflecting on her overuse of (overt) negative evaluation, the focal student-teacher avoids this interactional practice in her future teaching. As the analysis illustrates, this change of practice is possible thanks to data-led reflections and the evidence-based feedback that the student-teacher received. Our analysis therefore shows that reflection and feedback with a mobile video-tagging tool can facilitate increased awareness of classroom interactional practices. We argue that digitally enhanced, video-based reflections can promote teacher-learning in teacher education programmes and that using discursive timeline analysis can provide rich insights into these processes.Digi-REFLEC
Anspråk på syskonvåld : En kvalitativ undersökning om hur socialarbetare omedvetet och medvetet gör anspråk på definitionen av syskonvåld
No full textSyftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur det teoretiska perspektivet claims-making kan appliceras för att förstå hur socialarbetares anspråk på syskonvåld ser ut. Vidare undersöker studien hur socialarbetares anspråk i sin tur påverkar en normalisering och avnormalisering på våld mellan syskon. Syskonvåld är i dagens samhälle ett begrepp där en konkret definition inte klarlagts, även om våld mellan syskon troligen är den mest vanligt förekommande formen av våld i nära relation. Utifrån detta har socialarbetare en central roll i hur syskonvåld arbetas med både praktiskt och teoretiskt. Studiens datainsamling grundas i fem semistrukturerade intervjuer med barnutredare och familjebehandlare. Resultat har analyserats utifrån det teoretiska utgångspunkterna claims-making och normalisering, där det två teorierna används som analysverktyg tillsammans med en reflexiv tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att det inte finns en konkret definition på syskonvåld och att det finns en skillnad mellan barnutredare och familjebehandlares syn på våld mellan syskon. Vidare visar resultaten på att föräldrar kan ha ett ansvar gällande att upptäcka syskonvåld och att se skillnaden mellan bråk och våld, samt att barns ålder och utveckling kan ha en påverkan på om en konflikt mellan syskon kommer att tolkas som bråk eller våld
Otrygga anknytningar: Hur unga vuxnahanterar sårbarhet och osäkerhet i romantiskarelationer
No full textKärleksrelationer spelar en central roll i människors välbefinnande.Otrygg anknytning kan däremot påverka förmågan att etablera ochupprätthålla nära, hälsosamma relationer, vilket kan leda tillsvårigheter i känslomässig närhet. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hurundvikande och ambivalenta anknytningsmönster påverkar ungavuxnas upplevelse av sårbarhet och osäkerhet, samt dessbeteendemönster i romantiska relationer. Tolv semistruktureradeintervjuer genomfördes med unga vuxna. Rekryteringen baserades påankytningstestet ‘’Experiences in close relationship’’, där endastdeltagare med otrygg anknytning inkluderades. Studien undersöker tvåfrågeställningar med sju teman i resultatet. Resultatet visade att denupplevda sårbarheten, osäkerheten och beteendemönster skiljer sigbland anknytningsstilarna. Det gemensamma bland dem är önskan avnärhet men det präglas av rädsla. Anknytningsstilarna har olikabeteendemönster, där ambivalenta har mer hyperaktiverade strategieroch undvikande tar distans. Diskussionen stödjer tidigare forskningom hur anknytningsstilarna hanterar kärleksrelationer och konflikter.Den visar skillnader i deras syn på relationer samt derasbeteendemönster
Språkutveckling i förskolan : En kvalitativ studie om förskollärares arbete med barns svenskspråkiga och flerspråkiga utveckling i förskolan
No full textStudiens syfte var att bidra med kunskap om hur förskollärare arbetar med barns språkutveckling i förskolan samt vilka resurser de har till detta och vilka möjligheter samt eventuella problem som finns i arbetet. I den här studien har vi använt semistrukturerade intervjuer för insamling av data. Data delades upp i teman och studien kopplas till det sociokulturella perspektivet. Resultatet visade att förskollärarna använde flera resurser och strategier i arbetet med barns en- och flerspråkiga utveckling. I studien framkommer också möjligheter och problem i förskollärares språkutvecklingsarbete. Slutsatsen för studien är att förskollärarna arbetar för en likvärdig språkutvecklande utbildning för en- och flerspråkiga barn i förskolan där möjligheter och motgångar påverkar arbetet.
Återhämtning efter Covid-19 : En allmän litteraturöversikt ur vuxna prersoners erfarenheter
No full textFormal Methods-based Security Testing Utilizing Threat Modeling, Automata Learning, and Model Checking
No full textThis thesis strives towards finding more efficient methods of automating security test case generation, which are currently in a state of infancy for automotive systems, in both white and, especially, black box settings. The thesis focuses on communication protocols used in vehicular systems and we base our research on formal methods. The rationale is their rigor, as they are based on sound logical principles, and their potential for efficiency gains, since formally defined systems can be more easily analyzed algorithmically and, therefore, tested automatically. Our contributions include: • Methods for deriving automata: We provide a method to automatically obtain behavioral models in the form of state machines of communication protocol implementations in real-world settings using automata learning. We demonstrate a method to derive compound protocol state machines, i.e., state machines representing systems that communicate via more than one protocol at the same time • Methods for checking automata: We provide a means to automatically check these state machines for their compliance with a specification (e.g., from a standard, like ISO/IEC 14443-3). We provide a scheme, Context-based Proposition Maps (CPMs), to aug ment the state machines with propositions (i.e., attributes that can be checked). We define generic Linear Temporal Logic (LTL)-based properties to recognize cybersecurity-related specification violations. We provide a method to model-check inferred state machines utilizing the Rebeca modeling language providing a formally defined template. • Methods to facilitate test case generation: We present a technique to automatically derive test cases to demonstrate deviations identified in a state machine on the actual system. We also present a method to create abstract cybersecurity test-case specifications from semi-formal threat models using attack trees. We provide a method for utilizing Large Language Models (LLMs) to derive test cases from threat models and inferred state machines. We present a method utilizing LLMs to derive security properties from threat models to model-check implemented state machines, determining the consistency of designs’ threat models and implementations’ state machines
Arbetets pris : En historisk studie av företagshälsovårdens utveckling i Grängesbergs gruvor 1920–1970
No full textWork environment issues are nothing new. Since the breakthrough of industrialization, questions of accidents, occupational diseases, and protection against hazards have accompanied the conditions of labor. In Sweden, occupational health and safety policies developed during the twentieth century as part of the emerging welfare state, but much of the early practice was established locally within industry. Occupational health services (OHS) constitute a central yet historically underexplored institution in this process. Earlier research has been conducted on occupational safety, social engineering, and labor market relations (e.g., Sund, Horgby, Thörnquist, Isacson). These studies have demonstrated how safety measures were organized and how they were interwoven with both corporate rationalization and trade union struggles. However, the historical development of OHS itself has rarely been at the center of attention. This dissertation addresses that gap by analyzing OHS in the mining operations of the Grängesberg company, 1920–1970. The central question is: how was OHS organized, what role did medical actors play and how did the practice relate to contemporary debates on responsibility, power and working conditions? Through a historical perspective, OHS appears not merely as a technical solution but as part of a wider social project shaped by paternalism, productivism, and negotiations between labor and capital. The research questions focus on: (1) the organization and motivations of OHS in Sweden, (2) the role of company physicians, particularly dr. Carl-Gustaf Sundell’s long career in Grängesberg, and (3) the relationship between OHS, trade unions, and employers. The study is framed theoretically by structuration theory (Giddens), disciplinary power (Foucault), and research on corporate welfare as a managerial strategy (Ibsen, Sellers). Methodologically, it applies a historical case study, combining local archival sources (medical records, company reports, union protocols) with national policy documents (the Employers’ Confederation’s programs, state investigations). The results reveal that OHS was characterized by duality. While the practice improved workers’ health in tangible ways, it also functioned as an instrument of surveillance and control. The company physician emerges as a key actor, simultaneously a medical expert, a doctor for the workers with near relations with them and their trade union as well as a loyal corporate employee, exemplifying the profession’s intermediary position between science, health care and industry. Trade union influence was limited, but in matters such as silicosis the workers were able to exert pressure and affect developments. Thus, OHS emerged within an asymmetrical yet negotiable power relationship. The conclusion is that occupational health services should not be understood solely as philanthropic welfare or as a disciplinary instrument, but as a practice in which care and control coexisted in the discourse of “productivism” and “a productivistic social policy”. By placing OHS within a historical and institutional context, the dissertation contributes to broadening research on occupational health, the welfare state, and industrial society. The study demonstrates that OHS was an integral part of the welfare state’s emergence at the company level and points to the need for further comparative and longitudinal research
HÅLLBARA MATERIALVAL I BYGGNADSINDUSTRIN : Egenskaper, fördelar och nackdelar hos olika byggmaterial med fokus på miljöperspektiv och hållbarhet
No full textPurpose: This study analyses and compares the most common construction materials in the Swedish construction industry (wood, concrete and steel) regarding to their environmental impact and technical properties. Method: The work is based on an extensive literature study, comparative analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) of the materials. As part of the study, a hand calculation was also carried out for a garage made of wood, concrete and steel, in order to quantify and compare their climate impact. In order to be able to compare the environmental impact of the materials of the garage, One Click LCA was used. The study were reinforced by three case studies of real construction projects, each representing one of the materials. The analysis shows that wood generally has the lowest climate impact of the three materials, but requires special protection measures and greater technical understanding to achieve long-term sustainability. Concrete and steel have a higher climate impact but offer robust technical properties, and opportunities for improvement exist primarily through fossilfree production processes and material optimization. Results: The results of the calculations are consistent with literature study, showing that wood has the lowest climate impact, followed by concrete, then steel that have the highest impact. This confirms that Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an effective method for evaluating the environmental impact of construction materials. However, certain challenges remain in selecting materials, particularly due to the limited availability of comparable and reliable climate impact data across different construction materials. Conclusion: The conclusion is that material choice has a significant impact on the environmental footprint of buildings, but through early implementation of life cycle assessments and increased knowledge of material properties, more sustainable construction solutions can be achieved. INT