Academic Journal Inc.
Not a member yet
2915 research outputs found
Sort by
The Role of Finance in Gender Budgeting
Get PDFIn this article, Gender Budgeting calls for the inclusion of a gender perspective in all levels of public budgeting processes. This study uses a literature review to examine the existing discourse on gender budgeting and identify avenues for future research. The idea of gender mainstreaming in public finance in general and the budgeting process in particular is not new and has Many governments are implementing gender budgeting
Impact Analysis of Ultra High Performance Fiber Reinforced Concrete using Finite Element Analysis
Get PDFWith the advancement in technology, UHPFRC is invented which includes exceptionally high mechanical properties (stress, strain, toughness and energy absorption capacity) and durability properties (permeability, creep, fatigue and corrosion resistance). Therefore, it attracts the researchers to investigate it in depth. Due to the difficulty in performing the impact test over UHPFRC, finite element study is made with the help of a commercially available FEM software ANSYS. An attempt has been made to verify the finite element results with the experimental results obtained in the laboratory and then obtain various other critical parameters (toughness, energy absorption capacity, failure pattern, crack propagation) through ANSYS only. There is not any recommended procedure or standard code available to perform the impact test over concrete, because of which every other researcher have used different shape, size, and geometry of fiber and concrete specimen which result in variability of results obtained through experiments. Therefore, the model is drawn in “ANSYS workbench” and other properties are assigned in “ANSYS mechanical” along with the assignment of “8 nodded SOLID65” element, and “Hydrodynamic code” solver from LS-DYNA is used for obtaining the post processing results instead of the default “ANSYS AUTODYN” solver in ANSYS
Complications of Patients Who Underwent Total Hip Replacement Surgery According to Their Severity, Type, And Ct Findings
Get PDFBackground: Total hip replacement surgery can be defined as the most performed and successful surgeries in recent times. The use of computed tomography technology has greatly improved the accuracy of determining the condition of the hip joint. Objective: This study was aimed to determine and assess the complications and CT scan outcomes related to patients with total hip replacement surgery. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted which occurred in different hospitals in Iraq, recruiting 106 patients who had undergone total hip replacement surgery through February 8th, 2022, and August 16th, 2023. Clinical data were collected into patients who diagnosed under CT imaging where it was determined the status of the hip joint. The clinical and demographic characteristics were determined into male and female patients aged between 20 and over 50. Postoperative complications were diagnosed using CT scans.
Additionally, this study was assessed the pain levels of patients through ten days after total hip surgery by (NRS) scale, which ranged between (0 – 10) where 0 can indicate no pain while 10 can indicate severe pain. Results: clinical results can indicate that most of the patients (41) with total hip replacement surgery were over 50 years old. The number of male patients was higher than that of female patients, with 70 and 36 patients, respectively. Osteoporosis was present in 34 patients, while fractures or dislocations of the hip joint were observed in 28 patients. In this study, 51.89% of participants were smokers. The most common symptoms reported were stiffness (27 cases), pain (20 cases), and limping (24 cases). The most prevalent concomitant diseases were hypertension (42 patients) and diabetes (32 patients). The study found that the most common complications after surgery, as recorded by a CT scan, were infections (5 cases), blood clots (3 cases), and bleeding (3 cases), with a mortality rate of only 4 cases. Pain scores of patients were assessed within ten days after surgery, and the success of the surgery technique in controlling patients was examined. The study concluded that the NRS scale reached a score of 1 in the last few days. Conclusions: This study demonstrates the effectiveness of total hip replacement surgery in improving patients' quality of life, as determined by their ability to move with better performance, lower pain levels, and fewer complications associated with the surgery, as shown by CT scans
Comparative Analysis of Laparoscopic and Open Surgery for Gallbladder Disease
Get PDFBackground: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a procedure frequently performed worldwide by general surgeons. In a significant number of cases, it is performed on elderly patients with cholecystitis.
Objective: This study was focused on assessing and comparing outcomes related to laparoscopic and open Surgery for patients with gallbladder disease.
Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study were conducted for patients who underwent cholecystectomy, which included 155 patients whose ages ranged from <35 years to 50 years of age in different hospitals in Iraq for a period between July 14, 2022, to August 26, 2023. The clinical data of the patients were determined, and they were divided into two groups, where group A included 80 patients and group B included 75 patients. This study was conducted between both surgeries, which are laparoscopic cholecystectomy and open cholecystectomy, by recording the rate of complications, assessing the degree of pain, and evaluating the quality of life of patients after surgery.
Results: In comparison between the two surgeries, the intraoperative data recorded that the duration of laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery was (56.14 ± 11.88) minutes and the duration of open cholecystectomy surgery was (84.36 ± 15.78), the rate of patients who had blood loss was 18 in group A and 29 patients in group A. B, the duration of hospital stay was 3.2 ± 0.3 days and 5.8 ± 0.7 days, and the death rate in group A was 0 cases while group B got 2 cases. Regarding the results after the two kinds of operations, our study recorded the rate of postoperative complications, which shows that there were 15 patients who had postoperative complications in group A, while in group B, 25 patients were included, and the most common complications were wound infection and bleeding.
Conclusion: The current study indicates that laparoscopic cholecystectomy surpasses open cholecystectomy in the management of gallbladder disease because it presents less postoperative pain and a more accepted and preferred aesthetic result by patients.
 
Normal Width of Third Ventricle in Libyan Population: Assessment By MRI
Get PDFAim: As age advances, the human brain undergoes many gross and histopathological changes with regression of the brain tissue leading to the enlargement of the ventricles but also has been associated with many neurological disorders. Knowledge of morphometrics and the size of the normal ventricular system of the brain is important to understand these changes. This study aimed to determine the normal reference values of the width of the third ventricle in healthy subjects of the Libyan population using the magnetic resonance imaging technique (MRI) and to explore the sex and age-related differences.
Subjects and methods:
This study was carried out on one hundred patients with normal brain MRI exams who underwent non-contrast MRI brain (fifty sex females and forty-four males) aged between twelve and ninety years during the period from January 2019 and March 2020. The third ventricle width was measured and statistically analyzed.
Results:
The third ventricle width of all subjects' mean (± SD) was 3.243 ± 1.607 mm (The smallest TVW was 2.19 mm and the largest TVW was 5.84 mm). In females, the mean (± SD) was 3.08 ± 1.52 mm while in males; the mean (± SD) was 3.44 ± 1.700 mm. We found that width was higher in males than in females, but the difference was non-significant. (p value = 0.274). In our study, the youngest patient was 12 years old; whereas the oldest was 90 years. Third ventricle width (TVW) increased with advancing age and there was a steady rise across age groups until the sixth decade, after which there was a sharp rise. The small p-value (P<0.001) suggests that there is a statistically significant difference in third ventricle width (TVW) between the groups defined by the variable "age."
Conclusion: Understanding of ventricular system anatomy is essential for clinicians, neurosurgeons, and radiologists. The literature highlights that ventricular size is a potential indicator in diagnosing many brain-related diseases. Additionally, the normal reference values of ventricles obtained from MRI are necessary to form the baseline data for interpreting pathological changes, planning surgery, and determining the presence and progress of some neurological diseases
Assessment Outcomes of Knee Osteoarthritis
Get PDFKnee osteoarthritis (KOA) mainly impacts older individuals and is a common source of disability and decreased quality of life in this age group. This study was contributed to assess outcomes of patients with knee osteoarthritis. A cross-sectional study was conducted for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, which included 80 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee, and samples were collected from different hospitals in Iraq during the period between July 15, 2022, and August 28, 2023. This study contributed to assessing the quality of life for all patients with osteoarthritis in the Knee before and after surgery under Health Quality Questionnaire SF-36. The clinical results of the patients were recorded, which showed that patients in the age group between (60 - 70) years were 50% of the total rate of patients, followed by patients in the age group between (50 - 59) years, which was 30%. Female patients had a higher rate of 70% than Males at a rate of 30%. The rates of body mass index > 30 included 44 patients, the body mass index between (25 - 29.9) was 20 patients, and the body mass index was 16 patients. This study showed the rates of patients’ quality of life assessment before and after surgery, the most prominent of which was the aspect Physical was 32.51±12.85 before surgery and 65.46±10.09 after surgery, and mental health was 51.92±8.52 before surgery and 78.63±10.35 after surgery. This study indicated that knee osteoarthritis negatively affects daily activities and well-being, which contributes to improving the quality of patients’ general health
Innovative Motivation Methods of Staff At Small and Private Business Enterprises
Get PDF.This article discusses one of the crucial challenges for small businesses today- issue of motivation at staff members which in the long run can lead either to prosperity of business or to the failure of it. The aim of this work is to study the reasons and consequences of this phenomenon for small business and private enterprises. During our research we comprehensively studied the works of world expertise on the raised issue, different research methods were used such as abstraction, induction and deduction, methods of observation, logical and structural analysis, grouping, mutual and comparative comparison. Various concepts of work motivation were analysed, concepts proposed by A.Maslow, K.Alderfer, McCelland, F.Herzberg were studied in detail taking into account the specific of human resource management at small business companies. In conclusion, several recommendations were given for small businesses’ managers regarding creating favourable conditions for staff motivation at workplace.  
Improving the Accounting of Current Assets in Accordance With International Financial Reporting Standards
Get PDFThis article interprets the key points of the international Financial reporting standard N 2 and discusses the issues of its practical application. In order to make it better understandable to the reader, examples are given on disclosing the essence of inventories, determining the cost of finished products, goods and work in progress, estimating inventories, net selling price and inventory impairment. Their impact on the company's financial statements is also reflected in the form of an excerpt from the statement of financial position and the income statement
Factors Associated with Compliance with Repeat Visits in 1-Month Birth Control Acceptors at PMB G
Get PDFFamily planning is an effort to regulate the birth of children, the ideal birth distance and age, regulate pregnancy, protection and assistance in accordance with reproductive rights to create a quality family. Acceptor compliance with injectable contraceptive visits is very important so that the goal of contraceptive use can be achieved, preventing unwanted pregnancies. Decreasing birth control visits or family planning participation will result in a high risk of pregnancy. Objective: To find out the factors related to compliance with repeat visits in 1-month contraceptive injection acceptors at PMB G. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design method. The population is 90 people receiving 1-month injectable contraceptives and a sample of 30 people using total sampling technique. The majority of respondents had good knowledge, 15 people (50%), 18 people (60%) who were supported by their husbands, and 19 people (63%) who complied with the 1-month injection re-visit. There is a relationship between knowledge and compliance with 1-month injection return visits with a p-value of 0.01, and there is a relationship between husband's support and compliance with 1-month injection return visits with a p-value of 0.01. There is a relationship between factors, which is knowledge and the husband's support for compliance with the 1-month KB injection visit at PMB G. It is hoped that this can help as input for health workers to pay more attention and remind acceptors to make timely return visits
Descriptive Analysis of Savings and Growth in Nigeria Economy
Get PDFThis study aims at providing qualitative analysis of the relationship between domestic savings and economic growth in Nigeria. This study employed annual secondary data obtained from World Data Indicator (WDI), World Bank publication and Statistical Bulletin of the Central Bank of Nigeria for the period of 1970 to 2006. Descriptive Statistics were used.
This study therefore concludes that the problem with Nigeria’s economy is not that of mobilizing domestic savings but that of intermediation and thus recommends that government should adopt policy enhancing intermediation between savings and investment in the economy by providing regulating and coordinating role to ensure effective intermediation between savings and growth in the economy