American Journal of Trade and Policy
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Exploring the Antecedents of Safety Performance for Malaysian Construction Industry: A Conceptual Framework
Get PDFThis conceptual paper intends to present as a proposition of a framework to understand the antecedents of safety performance behaviors. The elements of performance which refer to the tangible behaviors exhibited by individuals at work, safety participation and safety compliance, are crucial in maintaining safe workplace for construction industry. This article illustrates potential antecedents in determining safety performance behaviors as effect of safety leadership attributes and safety climate components based on the Wu et al. (2008) model and current literature in this field. The article contributes to a better understanding of safety situation in the construction industry through the relationships among safety leadership behaviors, safety climate components and safety performance behaviors. This paper ends with a suggestion of the conceptual framework to study the antecedents of safety performance in the context of Malaysian construction industries.
 
The Impact of CRM on Innovation Capabilities: A Study on Industries of Pakistan
Get PDFThe purpose of this research is to determine the impact of CRM on innovative capabilities where the comparative study has been conducted between the services and manufacturing industries in Pakistan. For this purpose, the factors affecting CRM include information sharing, customer involvement, long-term partnership, joint problem solving, and technology based CRM while for measuring the innovative capabilities, product innovation, process innovation, and service innovation has been used. The data collected from 60 employees working in different service and manufacturing firms in Karachi. The results show that there is a significant impact on customer involvement, joint problem solving and technology based CRM on innovation capabilities of firms. It is suggested to refrain from customer involvement because it is observed that involving the customers negatively influences the innovation capabilities of manufacturing industry and thus, it has been recommended for companies to abstain from drawing in customers. The research also suggests adding supplier integration to form more effective innovations programs.
 
An Analysis of Trade Specialization in Bangladesh, 1996-2011
Get PDFTrade specialization has been studied extensively, and many researchers try to explain the patterns of the specialization and different factors that determine it. By using the Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage Index and the Galtonian Regression Technique, this study tries to determine the industries with trade specialization and analyze the transformation of the pattern of trade specialization in Bangladesh in the period 1996-2011 to show how the export and import specialization of industries changed and to what extent the pattern of trade specialization in Bangladesh has been transformed during the last sixteen years. Empirical analysis showed that the export of Bangladesh consists mainly of the garment industry, and Bangladesh import products largely belong to the category of commodities for further production and the support of the exporting sector. From the Galtonian regression analysis of export and import specialization, it has been found that the level of export diversification is very low, relatively stable which is confirmed by the low mobility effect. Bangladesh’s export specialization pattern is highly concentrated only in apparel products over the whole study period, and all other sectors contribute with a significantly smaller amount in total export share, but import is more diversified. For the development of the country, it is necessary to diversify its export basket.
 
Image Association to URLs across CMS Websites with Unique Watermark Signatures to Identify Who Owns the Camera
Get PDFInternet is the world\u27s network of connected computer networks. Internet means an interconnected network. It is a network of connected web servers. Internet helps data and people across the globe. Internet of things refers to network-connected things with embedded computer chips. Things on the internet would include devices enabled for internet access. IoT association of images on content management websites with unique watermark signature to account for Royal to the owner of the picture will help against piracy, copyright infringement, and misuse of photos registered with unique identification keys. This will make content management easier. It will generate revenue for the person who takes the copyrighted picture. A watermark is an embedded signature in a thing. It could be embedded in a video, image, and other file types for distinction and marking for ownership. It could be visible or invisible. It also provides a means to trace a product to the owner. This work looks into how images with watermark can be connected to the IoT for tracking and fighting piracy.
 
Impact of Remittance on Economic Growth in Bangladesh
Get PDFIn Bangladesh, remittance is one of the most important economic variables in recent times as it has an impact on economic growth, helps in balancing balance of payments, increasing foreign exchange reserves, enhancing national savings and increasing velocity of money. For about two decades remittance has been contributing around 35% of export earnings. Moreover, it is greater than foreign aid and thus helps in lessening dependence on foreign aid remittance gets momentum in recent time in Bangladesh and is the second largest sector of foreign currency earnings after the garment; sector. If cost of imported raw materials is deducted from the foreign currency earning of the garments sector thanit becomes the largest sector of foreign currency earnings. Remittance earning ; increasing day by day but at a lower rate than the increase in emigration from Bangladesh due to the increasing share of unskilled or semi-skilled labors than the professionals in international migration. The share of remittance in GNI (Gross National Income) is increasing day by day. Remittance affects almost all the macro-economic indicators of a country positively. Though there are also negative sides of remittance earning e.g. brain drain, its overall contribution to Bangladesh economy is very much effective.
 
Accounting Based Return Analysis of Selected Fuel and Power Sector Companies in Bangladesh
Get PDFThe present study is an attempt to explore the contemporary profitability status of 5 (five) selected fuel and power sector companies enlisted in DSE, Bangladesh and the interrelationship between sales based returns (GPM, OPM, and NPM) and investment based returns (ROA and ROE) over the period of 2012 to 2016 for the same companies. Using descriptive statistics the present study has found that the profitability position of the sample companies is satisfactory, multiple correlation analysis revealed that there is a positive association between sales based returns and ROA whereas negative association between sales based returns and ROE, and the multiple regression analysis showed that 97.70 percent variance is explained by the predictors OPM, ROA, and ROE of the dependent variable OABR (overall accounting based return) in the selected fuel and power sector companies of Bangladesh.
 
The Brand Personality: a Key Catalyst of the Consumer-brand Relationship
Get PDFIn our post-modern era, the brand is perceived more than a simple means of identification of the producer and a tool of differentiation and distinctiveness. From the consumer’s angle, it is seen as a partner in a deep, affective and long-lasting relationship that reflects his personality, values, social status, ideology, world view to match with this new perception, managers should infuse their brands with distinctive traits that match with the current and potential customers’ needs and identification desire. This research goes in this stream of studies that focus on brand personality and its ability to create, develop and maintain a strong consumer-brand tie. The findings showed that Private Labels’ personality is capabe enough to generate trust and attachment in the Tunisian context.
 
Impact of Grameen Bank Microcredit on Standard of Living in Rural Poor Women in Sariakandi Upazila of Bogra District
Get PDFThe standard of living in many developing countries like Bangladesh especially rural area is not standard level or satisfied. The microcredit programs of Grameen Bank (GB) in Bangladesh have emerged as a strategy on standard of living and reduction poverty. They are also trying to remove poverty and unemployment and energetic poor people who want to engage in economic activities, the institution provides not only loan to them but also advice and monitoring. The aim of the study is to explore the impact of GB microcredit on standard of living of rural women in study area whom have already involved in its loan. As sample only 198 current microcredit fund receiver’s respondents from Sariakandi upazila under Bogra district were selected. Data were collected from six centers under two selected branches using questionnaire. Data were explained normally under descriptive method using simple statistical tools such as chi-square test and One-way ANOVA test and econometric model such as OLS regression. After analyzing data, results of the study show that there has a positive effect on savings, average monthly income, expenditure, average level of education of borrowers’ households, number of income earner and asset. The results of One-way ANOVA test indicate that there exists a significant relationship among some factors of standard of living with amount of loan of GB and Chi-square test is proved that microcredit of GB has also a positive contribution on improving standard of living in study area.
 
The Current Status of Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure of Islamic Shari-based Banking Companies in Bangladesh
Get PDFThe purpose of this study is to examine the current extent and any difference (if any) of CSR disclosure of Islamic Sharia-based banking companies in Bangladesh during the period of 2011-2015. Content analysis is adopted to accumulate the data from company’s annual reports. The CSR checklist comprise of sixteen dimensions (including 85 items) of CSR activities i.e., ‘Environment’, Disaster management, ‘Sports, Shelter, Women, Disabled, Liberation war, Health, Education, Energy, Minorities, Employee, Product responsibility, IT, Community and Government. The study reveals that the grand mean disclosure of CSR information in annual report of Islamic banks is 25.89% with a standard deviation of 5.49%. Empirical evidence provides that there is statistically significant difference of CSR disclosure among Islamic Sharia-based banking companies in Bangladesh. But there is no significant difference of CSR disclosure of Islamic banking industry in Bangladesh year to year. Moreover, CSR disclosure of Islamic Shari-based banking companies is not diversified rather concentrated on some specific dimension and items of CSR. The study is mainly based on annual reports for the financial year 2011-2015 of Islamic Sharia-based banking companies in Bangladesh. Hence, the conclusion reached cannot be generalized.
 
Effect of Rural-Urban Migration on Education and Economics Development
Get PDFOver the years, demands for education have become progressively more insistent, more persuasive and complex. The kind of education given impinges on society in a variety of ways to meet an ever-widening range of needs. This research is to examine the effect of rural-urban migration on education and economic development with reference to Ibarapa East Local Government Area of Oyo State. The man and specific motives are to find out the causes of rural-urban migration how it affects the students’ performance and aimed at examining its effect on productivity level of Ibarapa East Local Government Area. The instrument used for collecting the data is the questionnaire. Hypotheses were formulated, whereas simple percentage methods were used to analyze the data. The finding shows that there are the different impacts of rural-urban migration on education and development of Ibarapa East Local Government causes short fall of the labour force, short of qualified and low productivity especially in the agricultural sector. Rural-urban migration contributes to the high rate of unemployment. It increases the number of juvenile delinquencies crimes and other social vices in the society, and it has effect on the educational development of the study area. Based on all the findings, recommendation was made that the government should provide social and infrastructural facilities such as good road network, regular supply of electricity and so on for rural dwellers. And also with the various youth programs, it could be possible to reduce rural-urban migration, most especially when the young ones are exposed to sustainable livelihood activities that they could embark upon.