SOUTH INDIA JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
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From Invasion to Insurgency: Assessing the Legacy of Soviet Intervention in Afghanistan
Full text linkDue to the unsuccessful invasions by numerous foreign nations, Afghanistan is referred to as the "graveyard of empires." Afghanistan's numerous ethnic and tribal disputes make it a place of insurgency as well. The significant effects of the Soviet operation in Afghanistan between 1979 and 1989 are examined in this research article. The research paper examines the complex impacts of the intervention on Afghan society, economy, politics, and geopolitics thorough examination of historical occurrences, academic viewpoints, and empirical data. This study attempts to give a thorough grasp of how the intervention changed Afghanistan's course and affected regional and international dynamics by looking at both the short-term and long-term effects. Examining the significant and wide-ranging consequences of the Soviet incursion in Afghanistan is the aim of this research work. We shall examine the strategic goals and ideological underpinnings of the USSR's 1979 invasion choice. The terrible human cost of the conflict will thereafter be the focus of our analysis. We'll look at the effects on Afghan society, such as the massive death toll, the millions of people who have been displaced, and the infrastructure damage
Impact of Education and Occupational Background on Livelihood Diversification of Tribal People in Hill Tripura
Full text linkThe present research focusses the livelihood diversification and its possible determinants of the tribal people in rural Tripura. Tripura is characterized as diverse features of cultural and socio-economic structure. These distinct features of the state stimulated the multiple sources of income earning of rural people in Tripura. Again, the diverse topography of the state encouraged to multiple choice of earnings strategy. The tribal population predominantly lived in hill Tripura and practices traditional method of production to generate income. However, several factors influenced to generate income of these people in the present era of development. Consequently, the present research investigated the factors of livelihood diversification of rural people in Tripura. We assumed level of education, households' land holding and number of workers per household are the key determinants of livelihood diversification or multiple choice of earning. We surveyed three adjacent villages in hill Tripura and applied a multiple linear regression technique for this purpose. We obtained significant results.
Exploring the Potential of Kitchen Gardening and Immunity Booster Plantation in COVID-19 Prevention
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In COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need for herbal remedies to boost the innate and acquired immunity to fight against corona virus. The COVID-19 pandemic has left an indelible mark on urban India’s food crisis, which has led the prime minister to advocate the ‘vocal-for-local’ concept. To mitigate such problems, urban kitchen gardening practices like terrace farming, roof-top farming etc., are not only gaining popularity but are also considered a measure of self-reliance in urban food ecosystems. In this regard, kitchen gardening concept is gaining popularity in urban Indian households, especially in post-COVID-19 lockdown times. Therefore, there is an urgent need to optimize the kitchen gardening practices for urban Indian households for their self-reliance on useful plants production in an environmentally sustainable manner. The aim of the study includes, studying the perception related to the kitchen gardening practices in a COVID -19 pandemic among respondents and to assess the association of k
Employee Advocacy on LinkedIn-An Overview
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Employee Advocacy on LinkedIn involves employees actively promoting their company’s brand, values, and content through their personal LinkedIn profiles. This approach enhances brand visibility, builds trust, and strengthens the company’s position as a thought leader within professional circles. Companies that implement employee advocacy benefit from expanded reach, increased engagement, and a more humanized brand image. Meanwhile, employees enhance their personal brand, gain professional credibility, and increase their influence in their industry. Successful employee advocacy programs require clear guidelines, engaging content, and a supportive environment that encourages genuine and consistent involvement. This paper delves into the dynamics of employee advocacy, its effects on brand credibility, talent acquisition, and employee engagement. It also looks at best practices, tools, and metrics for implementing and evaluating effective advocacy programs. By focusing on trust, authenticity, an
Unearthing the Megalithic Heritage of South India: A Focus on The Rock-Cut Caves of North Malabar
Full text linkThe distinctive rock-cut caves of the Cochin and Malabar regions are the main focus of this article's exploration of Kerala's megalithic structures. The study explores the distribution, typology, and building techniques of these Iron Age artifacts in order to comprehend their cultural and architectural significance. Reviewing historical and archaeological literature is the main method, which is complemented by observations from current locations, particularly in North Malabar. The findings show that Kerala's megalithic structures are notable for their regional uniqueness and diversity, especially the rock-cut caves. These laterite-built caves come in single and multi-chambered varieties and are distinguished by their domed ceilings, central pillars, and benches. They demonstrate the technological and cultural advancement of the Iron Age community by showcasing sophisticated engineering abilities and influences from domestic architecture. The megaliths also demonstrate how burial customs were modified to fit the local environment. Despite its historical significance, human activity, urbanization, and ignorance are some of the major obstacles to these monuments' preservation. In order to preserve these priceless archaeological sites, the study emphasizes the need for methodical excavations and conservation initiatives. This article enriches knowledge of Iron Age culture in South India by describing the unique characteristics and historical background of Kerala's megaliths
Conditional Cash Transfer Schemes and Women Empowerment: A Case Study of Kanyashree Prakalpa in West Bengal
Full text linkThe concept of "Women empowerment" has become a burning issue for quite some time. Our society is severely gendered and there exists unequal gender relations such that women for ages have remained the victims of marginalization, inequality and oppression. To combat this practice of gender discrimination and improve the status of women in India, the Indian government has taken several actions, introduction of Conditional Cash Transfer Schemes being one of them. The West Bengal government, too, has launched such a scheme, namely "Kanyashree Prakalpa", in 2013 to encourage girls to continue their education and delay their age of marriage and make them empowered. The present study aims to determine how successful Kanyashree Prakalpa has been in bringing about the true empowerment of women, a decade after it was first introduced, in two socio-economically different districts of West Bengal, namely Kolkata and Purulia, the former being the capital and a megacity and the latter a backward district of West Bengal. By collecting data from randomly selected beneficiaries of both Kolkata and Purulia with the help of a structured questionnaire and semi-structured interview schedule and then statistically analyzing them for uncovering the patterns and trends of the impact of such programs on its recipients and finally by comparing the results of the scheme between the two districts via T test, the researcher found that while the Prakalpa yielded positive responses from both the districts, it made a greater impact in Purulia in its overall aspects
Evolving Food Consumption Patterns in Assam: A Comparative Demand Analysis Using LES Framework
Full text linkThe formulation of economic policy primarily depends on the role of consumer behaviour. Any change involving the demand pattern of individuals have major consequences on the growth, trade and development of a country. Demand models play an important role in evaluating the indirect tax policy reform. The study provides a comparative analysis of demand for selected food items for Assam, using secondary data from National Sample Survey (NSSO) 66th and 68th rounds. Through a comprehensive analysis of consumer expenditure data, the paper demonstrates the theory behind demand estimation and highlight the importance of selecting appropriate demand system models based on the specific characteristics of the data and the policy questions at hand. The findings reveal significant transitions in consumption preferences over time, with "committed consumption" increasing for cereals, sugar, salt, and oil, while declining for pulses. The expenditure elasticity of cereals decreased, reflecting reduced demand sensitivity to income changes, while the elasticities of other commodities increased. The study also highlights differences in gross substitute and gross complement relationships between the two rounds. These results underscore the importance of developing nuanced fiscal policies for rural and urban sectors, tailored to address evolving dietary behaviors and socio-economic factors
Unveiling the Farming dynamics: A comparative analysis of arecanut and tea cultivation done by small farmers in Udalguri district of Assam
Full text linkThis research paper evaluates the cultivation practices, economic contributions, and social impact of areca nut and tea cultivation done by small farmers in the Suklai village of Udalguri district of Assam, India, in a comparative manner. This study is based on field surveys and interaction with farmers and labourers, carried out concerning certain major factors such as income generation, cost of cultivation, soil and water usage, pest management, and impact on social welfare. Results indicated that each crop had different sources of profitability, resource requirements, and social benefits for many people. Areca nut cultivation is a more income-stable and less resource-dependent type of cultivation; thus, it remains a favorite option for many farmers. On the other hand, tea cultivation is more laborious and resource-demanding but is marked by social and cultural benefits. The work reported here should provide valuable information to policymakers and people engaged in agriculture to develop sustainable farming practices that will lead to improving the lives of farmers in Udalguri
Multidimensional Poverty and Tribal Livelihood Sustainability in Rural West Bengal, India: A Micro Level Analysis
Full text linkIn this study 586 households have been surveyed to understand the condition of living and livelihood sustainability of the scheduled tribe population in selected villages in Bankura district. The study explores how the proximity of non-tribal population and the isolation of tribal population contribute to distinct scenarios of poverty within tribal life styles. Additionally, it investigates the interplay between poverty and sustainability of tribal livelihoods. To achieve its objectives, the study calculates two key indices for each selected village: the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) and the Sustainable Livelihood Security Index (SLSI). Analysis of multidimensional poverty index value clarifies that more isolated tribal villages are more prone to multidimensional poverty as the highest and lowest values come up as 0.428 and 0.174. Both of the values are way over than the national MPI value of 0.123. MPI values of the surveyed villages have a strong positive relationship with LQ value of the villages with r2 value of 0.533. However, these villages exhibit a positive situation regarding the sustainability in their livelihoods. MANOVA calculated for three indices of SLSI, are showing p value of 0.021, 0.003 and 0.058 for Ecological, economic and social dimension of livelihood respectively at 95% significance level. This analysis clarifies that both ecological and economic dimension have significant relationship with concentration of tribal population. In conclusion, the paper suggests that understanding the nuanced dynamics between poverty and sustainability of tribal livelihoods, effective strategies can be developed to uplift tribal population and foster long-term well-being
A Study on The Monastery And Oracle of Wanla, Ladakh: A Historical And Cultural Insight
Full text linkOne of the most important historical and architectural sites, of the most unknown era of Ladakh is the monastery of Wanla. Situated in the middle of the village on a ridge the three-story temple, along with a fort and small chapel dedicated to the Oracle of Wanla and Guru Padamsambhava, stands. This paper examines the art and architecture of the monastery which was built in the first half of the 14th century, and explores the cultural history of the Oracle of Wanla through oral histories and folklore, which play a significant role in the spiritual practices of the village. This study is based on historical analysis, archaeological understanding, local interviews, and photographic documentation which helps us examine the relationship between material culture and oral tradition