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Academic Corporate ‘Shills’ and Conflict of Interest
No full textThis paper provides a philosophical examination of what it means to be a corporate shill. In particular, it examines ethical issues related to situations in which individual academics stand accused of being corporate ‘shills.’ The paper examines the general question of what it means to be a shill and what the wrongness of shilling in general consists of, before considering the specific case of academics – university professors – who are accused of acting as shills, and corporate shills in particular. The paper argues that true instances of shilling involve failure to deal properly with a specific form of conflict of interest. This implies that accusations that a particular academic is acting as a corporate shill should be interpreted and responded to within a framework appropriate for dealing with conflicts of interest
Did Boeing Lose Its Competitive Advantage Over Airbus by Paying Higher Dividends Than Airbus to Its Shareholders and Investing Less Than Airbus in R&D?
No full textSome firms have typically given dividends to their shareholders while others have not and have invested the money back in their business. Fortune magazine (2020, 2024), Bloomberg Businessweek magazine (2024), and Forbes magazine (2024), report that in comparison to Airbus, Boeing gave higher dividends to its shareholders. Fortune’s article titled, “Boeing’s Long Descent”, regarding Boeing’s focus on paying high dividends to its shareholders at the expense of R&D. If Boeing had not been paying high dividends to its shareholders, it could have invested that money in R&D, which would have been much more beneficial to Boeing in the long-term. This research uses data from 2000-2024 to compare the two big airplane manufacturers - Boeing and Airbus and finds that Boeing gave much higher dividends to its shareholders than Airbus and invested less than Airbus in R&D, which, in turn, could have resulted in lower revenue growth, lower market share, and lower shareholder value
On the Design of a Graduate-Level Future-Driven Introduction to Information Systems Course Focused on Key Technical and Organizational Issues of the Digital Age
No full textThis manuscript describes the design of a graduate-level information systems course offered at a regional public university. The course emphasizes the technical and organizational issues of the digital age, including artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, ethics, and social impact, with an explicit recognition that organizations are increasingly focused on shifts in the labor market and workplace brought about by new developments in generative artificial intelligence. Additionally, students are prepared for cybersecurity threats that pose organizational challenges. Emphasis is placed on teamwork and analysis and application of course concepts. The course goals, required text, readings, and assignments, as well as additional resources for instructors, are discussed
The Power Dynamics in Mainstream Schools in Guyana: Resistance and Oppositions to the Placement Children With SEND in the Two Primary Schools
No full textThis paper presents the power dynamics in two mainstream primary schools in Guyana. It highlights the resistance and opposition to the placement of children with SEND. The discourse extends the discussion on the sociocultural experiences of children with SEND in mainstream primary schools in postcolonial Guyana. Ethnography was the microscopic approach employed to situate me in the lived experiences of the participants. The qualitative data gathered through interviews and participant observation was mapped and analysed using a postmodern approach to grounded theory called situational analysis. Situational Analysis was employed due to its elasticity and thoroughness in qualitative data analysis, as posited by Adele Clarke. There is an intricate power relationship in the two mainstream schools. Children with SEND felt their autonomy in mainstream school was disrupted by the new placement of children with SEND. Teachers and parents were invested in the discourse that posited that mainstream schools were unsuitable for children with SEND. The discourse influenced the experiences of bullying and a collision of power expressions
Balancing Data Transparency and Privacy Protection in Epidemiological Visualizations: A Targeted Narrative Review of Privacy-Preserving Data Visualizations
No full textEpidemiology relies on data visualization to identify disease patterns, causes, and effects. These visualizations often contain sensitive information that risks re-identification if not properly anonymized, while excessive anonymization may lead to information loss, distort findings, and reduce usability. This review summarizes strategies for balancing transparency with privacy preservation in epidemiological visualizations. Through targeted database searches, we identified common anonymization strategies, adaptable for various visualizations. Each visualization type requires a different approach, and often a combination of methods to yield the strongest privacy protection. Privacy-preserving visualization remains underdeveloped, and further empirical validation and user studies are needed
Online Versus Manual Home Assignments in Introductory Financial Accounting
No full textIn this paper we investigate differences in student performance across two sections of Introductory Financial Accounting, taught by the same instructor, where one section submits all the homework manually (using pencil and paper) and the other uses an online homework system (OHS) to submit the same homework assignments. We find that students who submit manual homework assignments (MHS) perform significantly better in the journal entries problem on the midterm exam compared to students using the OHS. Since journal entries are essentially the foundation and language of accounting, our findings have important implications for accounting instructors who use the OHS, as discussed later in the paper. Additionally, we don’t find a significant difference in overall performance of the students across the two homework settings
A Deeper Dive Into the Cosmetic Manipulation of Reported Research and Development Expenses
No full textThis study examines whether the rounding phenomenon of R&D expense varies by (1) stock exchange listing, (2) audit quality, (3) firm profitability, and (4) industry. It finds that (1) similar to the firms listed in the major U.S. stock market, firms listed in the OTC market also manipulate reported R&D expenses, and the extent of manipulation is more severe compared to the major stock exchanges; (2) although firms audited by the Big 4 auditors and non-Big 4 auditors both manipulate R&D expenses, the extent of manipulation is more severe in firms audited by non-Big 4 auditors; (3) profit firms are more likely to manipulate R&D expense, while loss firms are more likely to manipulate revenues; and (4) rounding manipulation of reported R&D expense is prevalent in some industries, but not in others. Results in this study have important practical implications for investors, practitioners, and regulators, as they highlight the importance of regulation, market oversight and corporate governance in mitigating firms’ rounding behavior
Locus of Control and Leading Positive Change: Utilizing the Adaptive Leadership Style
No full textTo learn, develop, and perform, leaders must lead positive organizational change. It involves establishing a positive climate, creating readiness, articulating a vision, generating stakeholder commitment, and institutionalizing the change (Cameron & Ulrich, 1986; Whetten & Cameron, 2011). This research examined how a person’s locus of control orientation (internal vs. external) (Rotter, 1966) influenced their ability to lead positive change (Whetten & Cameron, 2011). Sociodemographic variables were also assessed regarding their influence on locus of control and leading positive change. The adaptive leadership style (Heifetz et al., 2009) is presented as a tool for leading positive organizational change. This style stresses that managers and leaders should provide the support and resources needed for group and team members to become ready to assist with the change process. One way this is achieved is by creating a psychological safety net, where employees can communicate change needs, issues negatively impacting them regarding the change, or competing interests that the change may generate (Northouse, 2025)
A Tale of Two Legacies Behind Mass Manipulation: From Commercial PR to Totalitarian Propaganda
No full textMass manipulation has experienced renewed scholarly interest in recent years, particularly regarding the psychological mechanisms that shape collective behavior. This article investigates the pioneering strategies of Edward Bernays, who advanced the concept of “engineering of consent” by leveraging unconscious emotional drivers to influence public opinion and consumer habits. It further explores how Joseph Goebbels adapted these techniques for political propaganda, facilitating totalitarian control. By juxtaposing these two figures, the article highlights the intersection of marketing and ideological manipulation, emphasizing the use of emotions, media channels, and symbolic events to construct shared perceptions. The analysis offers critical insights for organizational psychology, calling attention to ethical considerations when communication strategies extend beyond commercial aims to shape mass attitudes and behaviors
Racism, Lumbung, and Art in the Capitalocene
No full textWestern Europe and America have dominant global influences in university education, industrial capitalism, and the art industry. This study examines how these trajectories converged to form the globally dominant art market of today. With the perfection of certain painterly techniques and the coincidental invention of photography in the late 18th century, European art exploded into the relentless hermeneutically driven trajectories of the modernist pursuit of new art, the latest thing, and their monetization. All valorized by university arts educations. Today’s art scene is driven by intensely marketed international biennials, plurennials, blockbuster art museum or gallery exhibitions that at once authenticate and market artworks, especially targeting high net worth (HNW) collectors, and others privileged with money and plentiful leisure time. Alternative works have veered away from the traditional art market to focus on social action and global sustainability. The clash between these trajectories marks a rupture that may alter the future direction of the art market. It’s not clear what that may look like, whilst planet earth lurches haplessly through the Capitalocene as it progresses toward the awaiting Necrocene