Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
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Comparison of Surface Roughness of Nanohybrid Composite Resin Immersed in Various Mouthwashes
Get PDFIntroduction: Surface roughness is a contributing factor to the accumulation of plaque and the development of secondary caries, also can determine the aesthetic and long-term durability of dental restoration materials, such as nanohybrid composite resin. The use of mouthwash is one of the factors that cause the surface roughness of nanohybrid composite resin.
Material and Methods: The research method used was laboratory experimental research with a pre-test and post-test design. Thirty samples of nanohybrid composite resin were randomly divided into three treatment groups (n=10) according to the types of mouthwash (alcohol-containing, alcohol-free, and herbal), and then were immersed for 36 hours. Surface roughness measurements were performed with a surface roughness tester before and after treatment.
Results and Discussions: One-way ANOVA statistical analysis showed a significant difference (p<0,05) in all treatment groups.
Conclusion: The highest surface roughness was found in alcohol-containing mouthwash, followed by alcohol-free mouthwash and herbal mouthwash
Effects of Chitosan Membrane on Osteogenesis and Oral Wound Healing: A Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Chitosan is a compound produced from processed shrimp shell waste that has an important role in the medical industry. Chitosan is a straight-chain amino polysaccharide compound consisting of glucosamine monomers (poly-1,4-D- glucosamine) linked through (1-4) β-glycosidic bonds, derived from deacetylated chitin. In dentistry, chitosan plays an important role in wound healing and bone formation (osteogenesis).
Review: This literature aims to further explain the effectiveness of chitosan membranes in bone formation and wound healing in the oral cavity. Osteoblasts are new bone-forming cells, including the process of breaking down old bone and replacing it with new, healthier bone. Chitosan membranes can reduce osteoclast activity and prevent further bone resorption. Chitosan membrane plays a role in reducing the production of prostaglandin E2 and inflammatory cytokines namely Interleukin-1, Interleukin-6, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α which play a role in the differentiation and activation of osteoclast cells directly through the activator of kβ ligand receptors. The wound healing process is dynamic and complex through systematic steps such as hemostatic, inflammatory, proliferative, and regenerative phases. Many studies have shown that chitosan membranes can accelerate wound healing by increasing the productivity of inflammatory cells.
Conclusion: Chitosan membrane is very effective in promoting osteoclastogenesis, because it can stimulate macrophage cells to reduce the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) mediators, resulting in osteoclast cellular activity can be inhibited and osteoblast formation can be increased. Chitosan membrane plays an important role in accelerating wound healing by increasing the production of inflammatory mediators such as macrophages, fibroblasts, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), and osteoblasts
Reward Reward as an Innovative Strategy Increasing Efforts to Brush Teeth Properly From Children to Families
Get PDFIntroduction: Dental and oral health of children in Indonesia remains concerning. In children aged 12 years, the prevalence of cavities reaches 76%. Motivation is closely related to efforts to maintain dental and oral health. There are various things that may be done to increase motivation including providing rewards. A reward is the recognition given to someone for something they have accomplished. Stimulating students' intrinsic motivation can be achieved by offering rewards. The purpose of this research is to examine of rewards as an innovative strategy for increasing efforts to brush teeth properly from children to families.
Methods: This study is observational design with a one-group pretest-posttest using questionnaire and video instruments. The questionnaire contains questions related to brushing teeth properly. The research respondents consist of 106 school children from SD Saraswati 3 Denpasar. School children were also assigned to create videos of brushing their teeth together with their families. Rewards were given to three schoolchildren who demonstrated proper tooth brushing with their families. Data analysis used wilcoxon signed rank test to see the difference between pretest-posttest results after reward.
Results and Discussions: Based on the research findings, there are significant changes in children's behavior in brushing their teeth properly. Children's behavior showed significant differences before and after the reward (p<0.05). Providing rewards during oral health education sessions children's interest increases. This is a positive method that has a beneficial impact on maintaining oral health, especially within the family.
Conclusion: Appropriate rewards can enhance school children motivation to brush their teeth correctly. Children can play an important role in maintaining and raising awareness of the importance of brushing their teeth properly and correctly which can improve dental and oral health among their familie
EFFECT OF BROWN ALGAE (Sargassum Sp) GEL ON ALKALINE PHOSPHATASE LEVELS IN PERIODONTITIS RATS INDUCED BY SILK LIGATION MODEL
Get PDFIntroduction: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by colonies of dysbiotic bacteria that form biofilms and cause destruction of the periodontal tissues. This damage can be induced by silk ligation on Sprague Dawley teeth and results in an increase in Alkaline Phosphate levels in the gingival sulcus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of brown algae extract gel (Sargassum sp) on reducing alkaline phosphatase levels in gingival sulcus fluid in Sprague Dawley periodontitis induced by silk ligation
Material and Methods: This research is True Experimental with the Pre test - Post test Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of 36 male Wistar rats which were ligated with silk to periodontitis. Rats were divided into two groups (n=18), the control group was treated with Tie-es metronidazole gel plus and brown algae extract (Sargassum sp) gel treatment with a concentration of 75%. Sampling of gingival sulcus fluid (CSG) on days 0 and 5, ALP levels were measured using a UV/V is spectrophotometer with an absorbance of 450 nm.
Results and Discussions: This study showed a decrease in ALP levels after being treated with metronidazole and 75% brown algae extract gel, the normal amount of ALP levels in the reference was 53-57 U/L and increased when inflammation occurred to 8283 U / L then a significant difference was obtained. The average reduction in ALP levels from pre test to post test for each group was 39-41 /L, and there was a significant relationship between giving brown algae extract and a decrease in ALP levels (p <0.05).
Conclusion: Brown algae gel extract (Sargassum sp) concentration of 75% has a lowering effect on alkaline phosphatase levels of gingival sulcus fluid in periodontitis induced by silk ligatio
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLATELET RICH FIBRIN, CONNECTIVE TISSUE GRAFT AND THEIR COMBINATION IN THE CLOSURE OF GINGIVAL RECESSION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Get PDFIntroduction: Connective Tissue Graft (CTG) is one of the techniques in gingival recession treatment, but considering the morbidity of using CTG, biomaterials such as Platelet Rich Fibrin (PRF) can be an alternative in gingival recession closure treatment. This systematic review aims to compare and evaluate the use of PRF, CTG and their combination in gingival recession closure.
Review: An electronic literature search in Medline (PubMed), Google Scholar, and Elsevier (Sciencedirect) was conducted to identify Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) reporting on the treatment of gingival recession using PRF, CTG or a combination of both from 2018 to 2023 in English. This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review (PRISMA) guidelines. The parameters assessed in the RCTs were: recession depth (RD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized gingival width and height (KTW, KTH), probing depth (PD), gingival thickness (GT) and patient discomfort after surgery assessed by VAS (Visual Analog Scale). Based on the 1,152 articles retrieved, there were only five RCTs eligible for systematic review. Four articles compared the use of PRF with CTG, and one article compared the use of CTG with the combination of CTG + PRF in gingival recession closure.
Conclusion: The use of PRF, CTG, and a combination of both were effective in closing gingival recession. The use of CTG gave better results in increasing gingival thickness and keratinized gingival width compared to the use of PRF, but the combination of CTG and PRF gave significant results in keratinized gingival height and decreasing recession depth compared to the use of CTG alone. Thus, the combination of CTG and PRF may be a more promising gingival recession closure treatment option
EFFECT OF 4 wt% HYDROXYAPATITE PASTA ON DENTAL EMAIL HARDNESS
Get PDFIntroduction: Dental erosion can affect the dental demineralization due to the pH level that is below the critical pH of 5,5 resulting a decrease in dental enamel hardness. Remineralization is needed to bring back the mineral loss. Hydroxyapatite is similar to inorganic components in dental enamel dan have biocompatible properties. Hydroxyapatite with 4 wt% concentration has a Ca/P molar ratio close to 1,67, which is similar to the human enamel and can regenerate enamel. This study is aimed to analyze the effects of 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste on dental enamel hardness for 7 and 14 days.
Material and Methods: 20 maxillary premolars were divided into 4 groups. Group A1 were applied with 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste for 30 minutes each day for 7 days, group A2 were applied with 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste for 30 minutes each day for 14 days, group B1 were immersed with artificial saliva for 7 days, and group B2 were immersed with artificial saliva for 14 days. All groups were immersed with artificial saliva and was incubated for 24 hours at 37°C. Hardness measurements were carried out at the start, after erosion, and at the end of the experiment. Dental enamel hardness was measured with Vickers Hardness Tester (Shimadzu HMV G-21 Series). Dental enamel hardness data were analysed with GLM Repeated Measure ANOVA test (p<0,05) and One-way ANOVA test (p<0,05).
Results and Discussions: The result showed dental enamel hardness number after 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application showed significant difference than untreated group, which was immersed in artificial saliva. Dental enamel hardness number after 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application for 14 days showed significant difference than 7 days.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that 4 wt% hydroxyapatite paste application for 14 days resulted in an increase of dental enamel hardness as in normal condition of dental enamel before erosio
Endodontic Treatment Of A Tooth With Change Of Diagnosis From Pulp Necrosis To Irreversible Pulpitis
Get PDFIntroduction: Dental caries is the primary cause of pulp disease. As caries progresses, the pulp undergoes morphological and histological changes. To detect pulp conditions, pulp vitality tests can be performed to stimulate myelin nerve fibers in the pulp tissue.
Case: A 31-year-old female patient came to RSGM Universitas Padjadjaran with a complaint of a large cavity in the upper right front jaw tooth since a year ago. A few months later, she fell from a motorcycle which caused the cavity to become even larger. The patient had a history of spontaneous throbbing pain, but it is now completely gone.
Case Treatment: A root canal treatment was performed over six visits. The first visit involved initial examination and status recording. The second visit included caries removal, access opening, and pulp extirpation. The third visit encompassed re-walling, working length measurement, and root canal preparation. The fourth visit involved sterilization control and trial obturation. The fifth visit included obturation or filling of the root canal of tooth 11. The sixth visit consisted of obturation verification.
Discussion: Accurate pulp diagnosis based on neurovascular changes within the pulp is crucial for the success of endodontic treatment. Pulp vitality tests such as cold pulp test (CPT), hot pulp test (HPT), and electric pulp test (EPT) are common methods for assessing pulp condition.
Conclusion and Suggestions: To obtain a more comprehensive understanding of pulp vitality, it is necessary to use a combination of various vitality tests
Management of Broken Endodontic Instruments in the Apical Third of Right Central Incisor Using the Braid Technique
Get PDFIntroduction: Complication that can happened during root canal preparation is separation of endodontic instruments during cleaning and shaping Separated instruments can influence the cleaning of the root canal and the obturation of the root canal system becomes incomplete. Therefore, broken instruments in the root canal should be removed so that root canal cleaning can be carried out optimally. Retrieval of broken instruments in the root canal must be attempted manually or by using special instruments. This article discusses the procedure for removing broken endodontic instruments in the apical third of a tooth using the braid technique.
Case report and management: a 34-year-old male patient came with complaints of a broken instrument during root canal treatment. Currently the patient's are not in pain. The therapy was carried out by taking a broken lentulo instrument using a braiding technique. After the broken instrument was removed, calcium hydroxide was applied to the root canal as intracanal medicament. A week later the root canal was obturated using the lateral condensation technique. The patient was then instructed to return to the general dentist who had previously treated him for restoration of the tooth that had undergone root canal treatment.
Conclusion : Fracture of instruments in the root canal is influenced by the operator's ability, the instrumentation process and the anatomy and morphology of the root canal. One simple technique that can be used by operators to increase the success of retrieving broken instruments is the Braiding technique so that hermetic obturation can be achieve
Analysis of Dental and Oral Health Outpatient Visits at Baturiti II Public Health Centre
Get PDFIntroduction: Public Health Centers play a vital role in providing comprehensive and affordable healthcare services to the community. Baturiti II Public Health Centre, with an extensive service area covering a population of 18,893, is responsible for managing medical records and analyzing patient visit data. This study aims to collect empirical data and conduct an in-depth analysis of the outpatient visit patterns in the dental and oral health service unit.
Materials and Methods: This study employs a descriptive quantitative analysis method using a total sampling technique to collect outpatient visit data from the dental and oral health service unit of Baturiti II Public Health Centre throughout 2023. Data were collected through medical record document review, and the results are presented in tables and diagrams.
Results and Discussion: The analysis of patient visits to the dental and oral health service unit at Baturiti II Public Health Centre in 2023 recorded a total of 1,141 visits, consisting of 559 new patients and 582 follow-up patients, with the majority using the National Health Insurance (JKN) as the financing mechanism. The peak of new patient visits occurred in December, while follow-up patients peaked in June. The most prevalent diseases were pulp and periapical tissue diseases (41%), followed by persistence (24%), gum and periodontal tissue diseases (19%), dental caries (11%), and tooth impaction (5%). There was a tendency for males to experience pulp diseases and caries more frequently, while females more often experienced persistence, periodontal diseases, and tooth impaction, with hormonal, anatomical, and behavioural factors contributing to gender disparities.
Conclusion: Patient visits were dominated by new patients using the JKN financing mechanism. Pulp and periapical tissue diseases were the most prevalent cases, particularly among male patients
Testing The Use of A Dental Light Prototype With A Focus on The Performance And Comfort of Doctors And Patients
Get PDFPendahuluan : Lampu gigi berfungsi sebagai alat penerangan esensial yang membantu dokter gigi melihat detail rongga mulut pasien dengan jelas, terutama dalam kondisi pencahayaan yang kurang memadai, sehingga meningkatkan ketepatan diagnosis dan efektivitas perawatan serta mengurangi risiko kesalahan.
Bahan dan Metode : Untuk mengevaluasi kinerja dan kenyamanan prototipe lampu gigi, digunakan kuesioner tertutup yang mencakup aspek intensitas, distribusi cahaya, dan ergonomi.
Hasil : Hasilnya menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan setelah penggunaan prototipe, dengan lebih dari 80% dokter gigi puas dengan intensitas cahaya dan 78% menilai distribusi cahaya merata. Kepuasan pasien juga meningkat, dengan 85% merasa nyaman dengan pencahayaan yang tidak menyilaukan.
Kesimpulan : Lampu gigi yang diuji menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan dalam kinerja dan kenyamanan setelah digunakan, baik menurut penilaian dokter gigi maupun pasien