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Developing a Derivative Model for the Environmental Flow Index and Exploring its Applications in Modern Urban Contexts
Full text linkThis study develops a derivative model for the Environmental Flow Index (EFI) to evaluate the relationship between urban porosity and environmental flow in high-density urban areas. The model was applied to Sadr City in Baghdad, focusing on the city's unique challenges, such as overcrowding, poor ventilation, and environmental degradation. Using computational simulation tools such as ENVI-MET 5.7 and AutoLISP, the study analyzed environmental variables, including wind speed, temperature, relative humidity, and radiant heat, under two scenarios: the current state with 30% urban porosity and a modified state with 40% porosity.The results demonstrate that increasing urban porosity significantly enhances environmental flow, reflected in improved wind circulation, reduced thermal stress, and better outdoor thermal comfort. For instance, wind speed increased from 2.798 m/s to 6.2361 m/s, while relative humidity decreased by 0.394%, showing a positive correlation with higher porosity levels. The EFI model effectively integrates these variables, offering a standardized and scalable metric for measuring environmental flow. The research contributes valuable insights for urban planners and policymakers, supporting the development of sustainable and livable cities in Baghdad and similar urban contexts
Study on Front Office Total Service Quality at Super- Speciality Hospitals in India - A Diagnostic Study
Full text linkTotal Service Quality (TSQ) at the front office is a critical element in every super-specialty hospital-integral to the hospital's administrative function. The backbone of its operations is a well-coordinated team of front-office executives responsible for planning, supervising, and efficiently managing hospital operations while maintaining daily coordination with all departments. As the initial point of contact for patients, these executives require continuous training and development to enhance patient happiness. Aligning training programs with high-quality service delivery is essential for improving productivity across-both the front and back ends of-the hospital, crucial for maintaining service standards. In this context, the primary aim of the study is to measure the overall service quality of the administration staff and its impact on patient satisfaction in super-specialty hospitals. The primary data was collected by an ordered random sampling without replacement method [ORSWRM] gathered from 100 respondents in Bengaluru city. The findings of the study highlights factors such as timely service delivery, adherence to prescribed treatments, complaint resolution, patient attention, and staff's communication skills are vital in realizing the hospital's vision, mission, goals, and objectives making TSQ a tangible reality
The Impact of AI on Evolving Leadership Theories and Practices
Full text linkThe integration of AI into leadership functions is no longer a possibility; it is actively transforming how organizations operate today. As AI technologies become more prevalent, existing leadership models must evolve to accommodate AI's role in decision-making, employee management, and organizational governance. This paper explores the evolving relationship between leadership and AI, emphasizing the need for leadership theories to address AI's transformative impact. It identifies key gaps in traditional leadership frameworks, particularly the failure to incorporate AI-driven decision support and the ethical concerns surrounding AI use. The paper suggests that AI can significantly enhance leadership effectiveness by providing data-driven insights, automating routine tasks, and personalizing leadership interactions. However, the potential risks of algorithmic bias, lack of transparency, and the erosion of human-centric leadership qualities such as empathy and ethical judgment must be addressed. The paper advocates for the development of hybrid leadership models that combine AI’s analytical strengths with indispensable human qualities such as empathy, ethical judgment, and emotional intelligence. The implications for leadership education, business strategy, and organizational governance are substantial. It urges scholars and practitioners to embrace frameworks that foster collaboration between human leaders and AI technologies to drive organizational success in the AI-driven age
Examining Financial Inclusion, Performance Management and Economic Prosperity in Africa
Full text linkThis study examines the nexus between financial inclusion, financial performance and economic prosperity in 54 selected African countries from 2000 to 2020. In order to carry out investigation, if financial inclusion and financial performance influence economic prosperity in Africa, we employed number of registered mobile accounts per 100,000 adults (NRMA), number of agent mobile money outlets per 100,000 adults (NAMO), digital card ownership (DCO), and financial literacy (FINLIT) as measures of financial inclusion; return on assets (ROA); return on equity (ROE) and gross domestic product deflator (GDP-DEF) as measures of financial performance and health (HELT), education (EDU), social capital (S-CAPITAL), gross domestic product per capita (GDPpc) and prosperity index (P-Index) as measures of economic prosperity, while controlling for consumer price index (CPI), foreign direct investment (FDI) and real exchange rate (REXR). Findings from the results of Pedroni and Kao cointegration tests suggested that cointegration exists between financial inclusion, financial performance and economic prosperity. Also, evidence from MG, DFE and PMG results shows that positive long-run relationships exists between financial inclusion, financial performance, and economic prosperity in Africa. In the short-run, the coefficients of the error correction terms for the specified models were negative and statistically significant and the speed of adjustment varies across models. In addition, this study employed differenced and system generalized method of moments (GMM) as robustness check to the earlier findings and it was confirmed that long-run relationships exists between financial inclusion, financial performance and economic prosperity in Africa. Policies which will lead to improvement of financial inclusion and financial performance was prescribed so as to achieve greater economic prosperity
The Impact of Budget Deficit on Current Account Balance in Selected Countries
Full text linkThis study empirically surveyed the impact of the budget deficit on the current account balance in the selected countries. The Panel ARDL model, as proposed by Pesaran and Shin (1999), was employed for model estimation, and annual time series data spanning from 1995 to 2019 was used. The budget deficit (BD) and other measures of the budget deficit (revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit) were used as proxies for the budget deficit, while CAB is a proxy for the current account balance. The budget deficit was decomposed into revenue deficit, fiscal deficit, and primary deficit to critically examine the effects of the budget deficit on the current account balance. The results from the Pedroni (1999; 2004) cointegration test led to the rejection of HO of no cointegration. We examined the long-run relationship between the budget deficit and the current account balance and discovered that there is a negative but significant relationship that exists between the budget deficit and the current account balance. Thus, interactive effects on the budget deficit were found to have a significant impact on the current account balance, but their yields are low compared to before interaction. The coefficient of ECT obtained is negative and significant, indicating a long-run relationship between the variables of the model
Emotional Awareness: Impact of Social and Technological Transformation on Group Dynamics
Full text linkSocial transformations can lead to complex changes with significant impacts on the effectiveness of work teams. Human resources departments are responsible for monitoring, understanding, supporting, and reassessing employees during organizational restructuring brought about by new cultural, social, and technological contexts. Based on semi-structured interviews with R&D employees, this qualitative case study examines emotional experiences during simultaneous social (M&A) and technological (AI integration) transformations. Key findings revealed initial fear, uncertainty, and later optimism, alongside challenges in emotional recognition. The article highlights the critical role of external HR consultants in fostering emotional resilience and adaptation within contexts of organizational change
A Chronological Review of Resource-Based Theory and Future Research Directions
Full text linkThe resource-based theory (RBT) has become a dominant framework in strategic management, offering a firm-centered explanation of competitive advantage through the strategic use of internal resources. Since its emergence in the 1980s, RBT has evolved significantly through theoretical refinement, spinoffs, empirical application, and integration with complementary perspectives. While widely adopted across disciplines, the theory has also faced ongoing critiques related to static assumptions, limited consideration of the environment, conceptual clarity and measurability. Despite its influence in management studies, few studies have traced RBT’s intellectual evolution in a time-ordered and issue-driven manner. This paper provides a chronological overview of the theory’s evolution and ongoing debates. It maps the theory’s development from its emergence to its expansion, maturity and recent advancements, identifying unresolved issues and offering directions for future extensions of the theory. In doing so, it contributes to ongoing scholarly efforts to refine and extend the theory in response to changing strategic challenges
Environmental Economic Benefits in Public Service Malls: A Perspective on Resource Efficiency and Improving Community Welfare in Indonesia
Full text linkThe Public Service Mall (MPP) is an innovation in government services that aims to increase the efficiency, effectiveness, and accessibility of public services. From an environmental economic perspective, MPP contributes to optimizing the use of resources and encouraging the growth of community welfare. This research discusses the environmental economic benefits generated by MPPs in Indonesia, focusing on resource efficiency and its impact on community welfare. Through the integration of various services in one location, MPP reduces people's travel needs, thereby saving time, cost, and energy consumption. In addition, the existence of MPPs can encourage carbon footprint reduction through operational efficiency and optimization of public infrastructure. On the other hand, MPP improves the accessibility of basic services, which has an impact on reducing social disparities and improving the quality of life. The conclusion of this study shows that the development of MPP not only supports the bureaucratic reform agenda, but also has a positive impact on the environmental economy through more efficient resource management and sustainable improvement of community welfare
The Future Responsibilities of Accountants in the Context of Digital Transformations: A Theoretical Review
Full text linkToday, many technological developments ensure that an organization and accountants are powered by the digital infrastructure. Imparting a process-oriented and controlling character to the accountants, on the one hand, technological transformations eliminate many routine activities such as recording, referring, controlling, and classifying on the other. Nevertheless, the technological advances achieved by accounting and business over the transitional period have some associated risks. Moreover, when accountants or both accountants and other employees working in accounting processes are no longer linked to the organization only by the production of financial information, it would be misleading to determine the job categories in a limited and narrow sense. In this way, they will generate added value to other people in all stages of the processes such as carrying out complex tasks, giving consulting services, and establishing practical and effective structures. With these responsibilities, accountants of the future will be responsible for the efficiency and legitimacy of the activities on an absolute basis.
Accounting has become a profession with wide-ranging importance in the development of the information society. In particular, technological innovations in the information age provide significant advantages to accounting applications and accountants in their professional practices. However, as a potential risk of these developments, digital transformations blur the professional responsibilities of people working in accounting processes. In this context, accountants will influence decisions and activities of people in order to create an administrative, process-oriented, and controlling infrastructure for an organization. The only way for accountants to add unique values to the organization lies in developing competencies of expertise in the area of administration and management
Impact of COVID-19 on the Operational Efficiency and Competitiveness of Financial Holding Companies in Taiwan: A DEA and GRA Analysis
Full text linkThis study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the competitiveness of financial holding companies (FHCs) in Taiwan and uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to assess their operational efficiency from 2019 to 2022. Furthermore, the study applies the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) model to deeply analyze the input factors affecting operational efficiency. The findings show that both Technical Efficiency (TE) and Pure Technical Efficiency (PTE) values exceeded 0.9, indicating that the increase in production factors had limited impact on total output. Scale Efficiency (SE) values consistently exceeded 0.95, emphasizing the importance of capital and labor inputs. In 2021, operational efficiency declined by 4% due to the pandemic; however, by 2022, FHCs regained competitiveness and achieved a 6% growth. Key factors influencing efficiency include total assets, workforce size, and operating costs. The study suggests that FHCs should focus on resource allocation, human resource management, and cost control to enhance operational effectiveness in the post-pandemic era