GUSAU JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF ARMED BANDITRY IN NIGER STATE: A CASE STUDY OF KONTAGORA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF NIGER STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThe research focused on effects of armed banditry on socio-economic activities of Kontagora Local Government Area of Niger State. The study adopted a descriptive survey method. Samples of 260 respondents were selected from the most affected communities where banditry activities were rampant. Routine activity theory was adopted to explain the issue under investigation. Findings from the study revealed that kidnapping for ransom, cattle rustling, destruction and burning of stored food items, farms and properties amongst others were the major activities of bandits; while the loss of lives, farmlands, psychological depression amongst others were discovered to be the major effects of armed banditry in the study area. The study recommends that there is an argent need to strengthening security infrastructure, such as provision of more sophisticated detection equipment in the rural areas for early detection of arrival and settlement of bandits in the forestlands, provision of more sophisticated arms and ammunition to the security forces to eliminate banditry, collaboration with local vigilante and community members to tackle the menace of banditry in the study area. 
DOES GEN Z CONSUMERS REWARD TRADEMARK INFRINGEMENT IN THE COSMETIC INDUSTRY: A PLS-SEM ANALYSIS OF BRAND PATRONAGE IN AFRICA?
Get PDFThe cosmetics industry's remarkable growth, driven by consumers' increasing focus on self-care and wellness, reflects a compound annual growth rate of 8.84%, with revenues reaching $129 billion in 2023, of which the skin care brand accounts for 41% of the global cosmetic market as of 2023. However, this growth occurs against the backdrop of the fourth industrial revolution, characterised by transformative technological advancements, including digital transformations that have introduced complex challenges like brand imitation and trademark infringement onsite. The research investigates how skincare brands leverage trademark infringement to attract Gen Z consumers in Africa, employing a post-positivist paradigm that accommodates quantitative methods of reasoning. Online surveys were conducted among 352 tech-savvy Gen Z respondents (representing an 88% sample rate and certified by an over 0.75 Cronbach alpha value) using Google-Form online questionnaires, revealing that trademark infringement significantly impacts Gen Z's patronage, explaining 54.9% of the variance in customer behaviour. Specifically, the research concludes that colour and name, product design, and sign and symbol elements of trademark infringement influence customer patronage by 5.6%, 11.7%, and 6.8%, respectively. Recommendations from the research highlight the importance of ethical marketing practices, distinctive product design, and enhanced symbol recognition for cosmetic brands. Additionally, the study acknowledges potential biases in data collection due to uneven online access among different segments of Gen Z in Africa. The focus on Gen Z consumers in Nigeria and South Africa might not fully represent the broader diversity of Gen Z consumer behaviour across Africa, considering varying cultural, economic, and social dynamics that influence cosmetic preferences and purchasing behaviours on the continent
Impact of Company Income Tax Revenue on Economic Growth of selected West African States (an application of the Dynamic Panel ARDL)
Get PDFThe study seeks to investigate the impact of company income tax on economic growth in selected 15 West African countries using the panel ARDL from 2002-2021. Based on the outcome of the hausman test, the study chose the Pooled Mean Group (PMG) because the probability Value is greater than 5% level of significance. PMG estimator assumes only ' are same across group that is, only the long run estimators are the same or homogenous and short run estimators varies. The data are found to be stationary at first difference. And the correction result shows that there is no problem of multicollinearity. The study found out that there is a long run relationship between company income tax and economic growth. The ECT coefficient is negative for Nigeria, Ghana, and Sierra Leone, indicating that these countries converge to their long-run equilibrium at a rate of 0.9%, 95.2%, and 39.4%, respectively, per period. the short-run impact of various variables on the dependent variable for Group B countries, namely Senegal, Burkina Faso, Guinea Bissau, Guinea, and Cote d'Ivoire. The model appears to include a lagged dependent variable (ECT) as well as a set of explanatory variables including D.CIT, D.FDI, D.POP, D.FID, and D.TOP. with negative coefficient indicating that these countries converge to their long-run equilibrium. And same with group C. In conclusion, the impact of company income tax revenue on economic growth in selected West African states, as examined through the panel ARDL framework from 2002 to 2021, has been found to be significant. The study reveals that there is a positive and statistically significant relationship between company income tax revenue and economic growth in the selected West African countries. The study also found evidence of short-run dynamics and long-run equilibrium in the relationship between the two variables. This suggests that an increase in company income tax revenue can have a positive impact on the economic growth of these nations. The study recommended that, policymakers in selected West African states should adopt a multi-pronged approach that focuses on increasing company income tax revenue, promoting trade openness, attracting foreign direct investment, and improving human capital development. By doing this, they can ensure sustained economic growth and development in their countries
ANALYSIS OF THE CAUSAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN WEST AFRICA
Get PDFAs climate change continues to cause more concern the world over, analyzing the causal relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions is paramount in West African sub-region that has been the hardest hit by the menace. This study investigated the causal relationship between economic growth and carbon emissions in West African countries using panel data spanning over 1970 to 2019 and employing the Dumitrescu-Hurlin (2012) panel causality test. After establishing the order of integration of the study’s variables and cointegration, the results indicated that economic growth causes carbon emissions in the studied countries without feedback. But trade openness has a bi-directional causal relationship with carbon emission. Foreign direct investment (FDI) and financial development exhibit a unidirectional causal relationship with emissions and the causality runs from FDI and financial development to carbon emissions. However, in the case of population, the unidirectional causality runs from carbon emissions to population. The policy suggestion is that ECOWAS countries should promote conservation policies to curtail pollution while stressing the inflow of green FDI into the region
IMPACT OF FISCAL POLICY ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study examines the impact of fiscal policy on economic growth in Nigeria. It uses annual time-series data from 1980-2020 on six variables – Real Growth Domestic Product (????????????????????????), Government Capital Expenditure (????????????????????), Government Recurrent Expenditure (????????????????????), Tax Revenue (????????????????????), Total Debt Stock (????????????????????????), and Total Debt Service Payments (????????????????????????). The ADF and PP Unit Root tests on the variables show that all the variables are I(1) process. The ARDL Bounds test shows that long-run relationships exist among the variables. Thus, the study applies the ARDL techniques. The empirical results show that ???????????????????? has no influence on ???????????????????????? in the short run. But, it has a significant positive impact in the long run. Similarly, in the short run, ???????????????????? has a significant positive impact on ????????????????????????, while in the long run, it has a significant negative impact. For the ????????????????????, it has no impact on ???????????????????????? in the short and long run. Also, ???????????????????????? has a significant positive impact on ???????????????????????? in both the short and long run. Finally, ???????????????????????? has a significant negative impact in both the short and long run. The study recommends that the Nigerian government should channel more funds to capital expenditure, while the recurrent expenditure should be reduced. It suggests fiscal improvements toward expanding the tax bases to encourage resources mobilization and discourage the rising tax rates. It recommends that funds from the public debt should be invested in productive sectors of the economy
EFFECT OF PERCEIVED RISK ON ONLINE BUYING BEHAVIOUR AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS IN AHMADU BELLO (ABU) UNIVERSITY ZARIA
Get PDFThe electronic commerce (e-commerce) has shown an upward trend in Nigeria, providing online transaction platform for both domestic and global markets which benefits businesses and consumers. A comprehensive understanding of how perceived risk influence online buying behaviour is essential for e-commerce marketers to gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, this study examines the effect of the perceived risk dimension on online buying behaviour among undergraduate students in ABU Zaria. The study used the partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) as a technique to run and analyse the data collected from 400-level undergraduate students using a sample of 246 students. The findings of the study showed that financial risk and privacy risk in online buying behaviour were found to be negative and significant. However, Product performance risk was found to be a positive and insignificant relationship in online buying behaviour. The study concludes that financial risk and privacy risk are critical factors that prevent students from engaging in online buying behavior. Thus, the study recommends that online vendors should focus on enhancing students’ confidence in their ability to restore or reduce the level of perceived risks in online buying behaviour
IMPACT OF OIL PRICE VOLATILITY AND TRADE OPENNESS ON A GROWING ECONOMY
Get PDFThis study investigates the interplay between oil price volatility, economic growth, and openness using data spanning from 1980 to 2020. Bound cointegration and regression methods were employed to analyze both short and long-term effects. The results indicate that in the short run, oil price volatility negatively impacts economic growth. However, as the economy becomes more resilient over time, oil price volatility begins to have a positive effect on economic growth in the long run. Additionally, trade openness is found to have a positive and significant impact on economic growth in the short term. Nevertheless, the influence of trade openness and exchange rates on long-term economic growth is statistically weaker. This suggests that the adverse impact of oil price volatility is more pronounced in the short run and diminishes over the long term. Consequently, policymakers should focus on managing exchange rates and leveraging comparative trade advantages to promote economic growth
A META-ANALYSIS OF STUDIES ON EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN ECONOMICS
Get PDFThe study aimed at reviewed the results of previous empirical studies on the effects of instructional methods on students’ academic achievement in Economics in order to have acomposite and conclusive point due to the inconsistencies of the early findings. Three research questions were raised to guide the study. Meta-analytic research design was used.The population of the study comprised all previous research reports on instructional methods and achievement in Economics in Nigeria between 2000–2018. Twenty studies that met the criteria were selected using judgmental sampling technique. Simple percentages and statistical transformations of effect size were used to answer the research questions and testing the hypotheses. The findings showed that results of the previous studies on the effects of instructional methods and students’ achievement in Economics issignificant, overall effects of instructional methods on students’ achievement in Economics is significant, overall influence of gender on students’ academic achievement is moderate and significant. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended amongst others that concept mapping and learning cycle instructional methods be used in the teaching and learning of Economics in that they were shown to have the highest mean effect sizes on students’ achievement
ROLE OF TRUST ON THE DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER ONLINE BUYING BEHAVIOUR AMONG DISTANCE LEARNING CENTRE (DLC) POSTGRADUATE (PG) STUDENTS IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study aimed to investigate the relationship between perceived risk and social influence on consumer online buying behavior among postgraduate students in Ahmadu Bello University (ABU), Zaria. The study also explored the moderating effect of trust on this relationship. The sample size was determined using simple random sampling, and data was collected through a cross-sectional research design. 397 useful responses were used for the main analysis, and SmartPLS 3 was used to analyze the data and test the study's hypotheses. In the direct relationship, the study found that perceived risk and social influence had insignificant relationships with online buying behavior. Additionally, the study found that trust had a significant moderating effect on the relationship between perceived risk and social influence on online buying behavior. online retailers should make efforts to build trust with their customers to increase online buying behaviour. One way to build trust is to ensure customer privacy and security. Online retailers should take measures to protect their customers' personal information and ensure secure transactions to increase trust in their website
FINANCIAL MARKET FRICTIONS AND MARKET EFFICIENCY IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM AN EVENT STUDY
Get PDFOn the premise that transaction cost is an integral aspect of financial market frictions, this study empirically investigate whether stocks reacted negatively to the news of the announcement of upward review of stamp duty charges in Nigeria; an announcement made on 5th of December 2020, with the succeeding first trading day being Monday 7th of December, 2020. Employing the standard event study methodology with 60 companies stock price daily series, the empirical results show evidence of negative drift in stock returns trading ten (10) days after the announcement was made public. In particular, the result of the post announcement trading effect reveal a statistically significant Abnormal Return (AR) and Cumulative Abnormal Return (CAR) of -1.51% and -1.072 % respectively on the first trading day after the announcement and a significant CAR of - 1.16 % ten days after the announcement, implying a negative stock returns response. In other words, stamp duty increment was perceived by investors as extra costs or frictions. At the same time, the evidence of negative CAR ten trading days after the announcement implies that the NGX is not highly semi-strong efficient. There is evidence of sustained delays in the length of time during which the negative news get incorporated into market prices, which provide ample window of opportunity for portfolio investors and speculators to outperform the market., especially if short selling strategy can be implemented seamlessly ceteris paribus. This is in sharp contrast to the prediction of Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH). The study recommends that efforts should be made to reduce transaction costs in the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) going forward. This will help stabilize the market and make it competitive in the global space. However, from the perspective of portfolio investors, hedge funds (hot money) and other speculators, lack of evidence of semi-strong market efficiency in the NGX provides a veritable opportunity for making supernormal returns within a relatively short period of time