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Railway transportation, regional integration and territorial development. Connecting the Atlantic to the South American Pacific
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southIn the context of globalized production and global markets, some issues become more important, especially those related to transportation costs; delivery opportunity; quality of service; transportation volume; access to infrastructure, markets and supplies - among others - in its relationship to territorial sustainable development process.
However, some areas cannot take advantage of that context, as in the case of Northern Peru and some regions of Brazil - especially in the Amazon region. The population of these territories has few development possibilities; mainly due to the difficulty for mobilize their production at competitive costs to markets.
Faced with this situation, the project Atlantic Pacific Transcontinental Railroad, Peru - Brazil (FETAB) aims to connect the Atlantic and Pacific coasts of South America; so that the articulation to the interior of Peru and Brazil would be promoted as well as the connectivity between both countries and other markets, generating new territorial dynamics; we believe that these will increase the chances of development for the populations involved.publishedVersio
A spatial pattern of housing and transport costs in Bordeaux Metropolitan Area
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThis research focus on sustainable city by developing a methodology of housing and transport costs assessment in order to understand the vulnerability level of households and land in Bordeaux Metropolitan area. It appears necessary to articulate better, in the analysis of urban durability, environmental dimension and socioeconomic dimension. Too often focalized on the only environmental footprint of urban growth, approaches in terms of urban durability neglect most often stakes of social sustainability of housing and transport linked to urban forms. However, the housing issue is essential for understand space inequality. The low-income families is broadly led to move away from urban centers to find a place to live and particularly to achieve ownership. This urban phenomenon of relegation leads to negative effects on mobility of these households: lengthening of travel time and distance and consequently travel costs owing to automobile dependency. In this way, households are confronted with a vulnerability defines itself with regard to the risk of social isolation and on the other hand to the risk of poverty directly linked to housing and transport costs.
Exploiting data of notarial real estate transactions and tax level, supplemented by inquiries will allow to assess the vulnerability level and residential mobility of housings.
The sustainable mobility of persons concerns notably the outlying suburbs because it raises a certain number of stakes both on environmental, economic and social plan and on space organization of these areas.publishedVersio
Master programme in Regional and Urban Planning (University of Aveiro)
No full textUniversity of Aveiro
40.630725633905826, -8.656657441279592After a thorough examination of its contents and methods, the Master programme in Regional and Urban Planning offered by the University of Aveiro has been highly distinguished with the AESOP CERTIFICATE OF QUALITY We certify that: This programme fulfils the European quality standards of planning programmes according to the AESOP Charter, complemented by an effective internationalization of teaching and learning processes This certificate is valid for a period of six years. Porto, 22 January 201
Contemporary urbanization and simultaneous processes of urban concentration and urban sprawl: case study of Porto Maravilha Urban Operation
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southContemporary urbanization is characterized by a new phenomenon, in which there is a simultaneous occurrence of both urban concentration and urban sprawl, mainly in metropolitan areas. This brings to new urban structures and new spatial forms, according to Gottdiener (1985), including both the redevelopment of downtown areas – with the renewal of historical, industrial and port areas – and urban growth and urban sprawl – characterized by new areas disconnected from the existing urban forms, interspersed with vacant land. Centralities are created or reinforced – becoming multiples, distributed and interconnected –, following the process of spatial decentralization (CASTELLS, 1996). These changes occur with a growth of highway systems, followed by a higher demand of housing, commerce and service to suburban and exurban areas, bringing downtown areas to a decline. Urban renewal of central areas can bring to its gentrification, which moves poorer residents out of urban areas into suburbs or more depressed areas – expanding even more the urbanization.
This indicates there is a change in the old Fordist metropolis and its socio-spatial organization, originating the contemporary Postmetropolis, whose urbanization process is structured by larger regional scales (SOJA, 2000). The urban configuration starts to be formed as “constellations” or “nebulae” of urban cores (REIS, 2006). Their sprawled and concentrated areas are connected through the transportation routes and through the information and communication networks.
Contemporary urbanization is characterized by emblematic projects, urban reconfiguration and major events – strategies of city marketing, whose objective is to restructure the cities to promote them and insert them in the globalized world.publishedVersio
Urban revitalization and social control - the case of Praça da Liberdade in Belo Horizonte - Brazil
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThe state capital of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, and the Praça da Liberdade (Liberty Square) were inaugurated in 1897, celebrating the republican values, at the expense of the image represented by the colonial city of Ouro Preto, the former capital. Around the Praça da Liberdade buildings were built to house state institutions such as the Government Palace and the state departments, in addition to the public archive and library. This place, since its inception, was established as the political center of the state of Minas Gerais. Due to the socioeconomic growth of the new capital and the inherent administrative functions, the buildings around the square were shown small to house the volume of administrative services and, in 1997, a project was developed to change the use of buildings, prioritizing cultural activities. The implementation of the project foreseen a partnership with the private sector, and for this would be transferred the management and maintenance of most cultural facilities to be created. After more than a decade of debates, in 2010, it was inaugurated the Cultural Circuit Liberty Square - CCPL, composed by twelve museums and cultural centers.
This research aims to analyze the impact of revitalization actions in the Praça da Liberdade influence area and its appropriation by tourism. To attain the goal were conducted interviews with institutions that make up the CCPL, a structured questionnaire with managers from thirty-five outlets located in the Square influence area and a literature review regarding the formation of cultural territories, urban revitalization with emphasis in cultural facilities and the anthropological critique of urban renewal processes. Of exploratory nature, the research is justified in order to know in depth the effects and impacts of spatial concentration of cultural facilities in a particular place, which occurred within the last five years.publishedVersio
Planning the unforeseen: evolving through a rhizomatic process. Evidences from Brazilian planning experience
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southThis paper develops a cartography of planning by focusing on the contemporary experience of planning in Brazil. It understands planning as a multiple, relational and mixed social process for dealing with the contingencies of a dynamic and complex world. In this view, planning is not limited to the institutionalized activity of formal planners, but it also includes the action of informal networks of agents seeking to promote their own social life. Based on the philosophy of Deleuze and Guattari (1995, 2010), this paper understands planning as a ‘rhizomatic’ network of connections that evolves in several directions through the action of different actors, working along (lines of flight) in order to deconstruct (to deterritorialize) old social codes and re-territorialize them as a more democratic, inclusive and just society. This (rhizomatic) kind of planning proceeds through a haphazard process of growth with no hierarchical structure, no central command or control. The paper suggests that in the Brazilian case, emerging experiments with planning as a creative, interactive and fluid process may prove essential for keeping both, the process of social transformation and the ways by which planning is actualized and turned into a democratic, participative and collaborative assemblage. The paper takes as empirical case several formal and informal planning experiences carried out by many agents, acting either inside or outside institutional boundaries.publishedVersio
The quality of spaces of services in the intra urban edges of João Pessoa- PB, Brazil
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southHistorically, urban development in Brazil was marked by a socio-spatial inequalities accumulation process and the adoption of public policies that structured a center - periphery urban expansion model responsible for continuous displacement of urban sprawl into rural areas, semirural and natural spaces. It is observed that the last decades have seen a topping urban growth, with a form of anomalous structure which shows the fragmentation and mix of urban territories and "semi-rural" territories, which features real growths in the urban area. In this sense, Joao Pessoa, capital of Paraiba, located in north-eastern Brazil, considered medium-sized city, with a population of about 791,438 inhabitants (IBGE, 2015), has an accelerated urban expansion and suffers intense processes of use and occupation ground modification, with infrastructural disability and low levels of urban provisions in the "new spaces" added to the city. This scenario raises questions about the quality of urban life offered to the population living in the urban edges, making it necessary diagnose and measure this quality of urban life, with a purpose to make decisions within the urban and environmental planning to this dynamic and dispersed space. Investigate the dynamics of urban expansion present in medium-sized cities, besides providing the understanding of local and regional processes and phenomena, also provides a comparative understanding of global processes, given the significant role played by these cities to the current global urbanization, to be continued even for decades in the future.publishedVersio
Case studies on walking space of station squares in East Asia (Part 2): characteristics of pedestrians and public space design
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southProblem
In urban design, we should better address the cultural implications of place-making. However, there has been little previous research that discussed pedestrian's behavior in some cities of East Asia. It is necessary to clarify the differences of pedestrians' characteristics in dissimilar cultural contexts.
Theory
In this research, we discuss the problems through the following theories.
1. Lewin's equation:
The Lewin's Equation, B=ƒ(P,E), is a psychological equation of behavior developed by Kurt Lewin. It states that behavior is a function of the person and his or her environment.
As we know pedestrians' choices do not exist right or advantage at all time. One add one add one people…their behavior will cause a traffic jam, become a lively cocktail party or a wonderful symphony. We are difficult to change pedestrians' behavior but we can change their environment through our design. It likes we don't need cut the feet to fit the shoes, we just need choose appropriate shoes. It's the work we must finish in urban design task.publishedVersio
The injustice of ideological power: a Lacanian interrogation with a dash of Foucault of its implications for planning in a neoliberal world
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southSince the 1970s, critical planning theory, in its various liberal, Marxian, post-structural and related persuasions, has extensively explored the concepts of power and ideology, and particularly, how both have been deployed in the manifestation of social and spatial injustice. Yet, the concept of ideology and how it acts as a mechanism of power to structure social relations has often been often discounted in much of this more recent critical literature (Gunder 2015a). This includes that predicated on Foucault’s very insightful conceptualisations of power and discourse, for he ‘admonishe[d] us to move on from a concept of ideology, or hegemony, as it still maintains the concept of sovereignty’ (Gunder 2010: 304). Foucault’s conceptualisations of the nature of power in regard to governmentality, normalisation and inter-subjective relationships continues to provide important insights for understanding contemporary planning contexts; yet, these are often contexts driven by a ‘hegemonic discourse’ of a neo-liberal ideological vision of self-reliant society predicated by ‘self-managing and enterprising individuals’ (Davoudi and Madanipour 2013: 557). Indeed, this paper contends that we continue to reside in a globalised society largely predicated and shaped by sovereign transcendent ideas of a world of progressive entrepreneurial betterment. This is a world still largely produced and structured by ideology.publishedVersio
Why not all mega-events are the same, a study of the 2015 World Cycling Championship in Richmond, Virginia, U.S
No full textProceedings of the IV World Planning Schools Congress, July 3-8th, 2016 : Global crisis, planning and challenges to spatial justice in the north and in the southMega-events’ allure has waned considerably over the years. Many cities still bid and compete quite fiercely for the chance to host a myriad of different events. However bidding and pre-event planning is increasingly seen as an opportunity to locate, create and develop support for projects, which will remain useful after the event is over, or which will need to be built in spite of the bid’s result. Prior research on mega-events has tended to focus on the reasons invoked by a particular city to host the event, the planning and preparation works, the intense period of activities, and then a relatively immediate post-event assessment. I hypothesize that it is important to learn from less well researched mega-events in order to demonstrate that certain types, such as the World Cycling Championship, are not as costly for the host city as the most extensively researched mega-events, typically the Olympic Games, World’s Fairs, and World Soccer Championships. The purpose of this paper is to examine and discuss the 2015 World Cycling Championship in Richmond, Virginia. There is relatively little research on the socio-economic and territorial impacts of this type of mega-event. One of the important differences between ‘place-based’ and ‘street-based’ mega-events is that the latter tends to be less capital-intensive and perhaps slightly more disruptive city-wide than the former, which is restricted mostly to a specific area. The research methods have included in situ observations, interviews and meetings with elements of the organization, planners, residents and business owners during and after the realization of the championship in summer and fall 2015. The anticipated findings are likely to elucidate how the city of Richmond utilized the mega-event to increase everyone’s awareness of cycling as a competitive sport and also as a worthwhile everyday mode of transportation.publishedVersio