Research Lake International Inc. - Open Access Journals
Not a member yet
381 research outputs found
Sort by
A Scalable Algorithm for Interpreting DNA Sequence and Predicting the Response of Killer T-Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients
Get PDFThe incidence and prevalence of SLE in North America are 23.2 and 241 per 100,000 people per year respectively while the incidence in Africa is 0.3 per 100,000 people per year. The study aims to predict the autoimmune response of killer T-cells in a patient suffering from Systemic Lupus Erythematosus by searching for variations in genes regulating the activities of Killer T cells. An approximate matching algorithm applying the Boyer-Moore Algorithm for the matching algorithm. Nucleotide sequences of each of the genes liked to Killer T-cells in reference human genome to DNA sequences of SLE patients. The threshold on all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) is set to 10% of the nucleotide sequence length of the gene. For 50% of susceptibility genes with no match the patient is susceptible. Sixteen (16) patients show that they are all guaranteed to manifest autoimmune Killer T-cells. The algorithm can predict the response of killer T-cells and improve the early detection and treatment of SLE patients. A similar approach can be used for genetically linked diseases like cancer. 
Persistent Sciatic Artery: A Cadaveric Case Study
Get PDFObjective
The persistent sciatic artery associated with birth is a rare anomaly with a high rate of abnormal dilatation, blockage and stenosis prompting in extreme thrombosis, caudal embolisation, or aneurysm rupture. This is a case report on cadaveric specimen (50-year-old) African female cadaver in the Human Anatomy Laboratory, Department of Human Anatomy, Uzima University.
Methods:
During routine cadaveric dissections by first year medical students a peculiar structure was noted behind the right thigh after exposure of gluteal muscles.
Results:
The structure, identified as persistent sciatic artery, entered the gluteal region through the greater sciatic foramen and lied superficial to the sciatic nerve. The vessel was large and it passed out of the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen below the pirifomis and descended posterior to the sciatic nerve. Muscular and articular branches branched off from artery through its course. The artery descended behind the thigh and was traversed obliquely by the long head of the biceps femoris muscle posteriorly. The sciatic artery continued as the popliteal artery that lied alongside popliteal vein, which was retraced back from the infrapiriform fossa. The femoral arteries were hypoplastic and had no obvious connections with the sciatic artery.
Conclusion: It is a vital practice to recognize the position and tendency of sciatic artery to develop aneurysms and subsequent deep vein thrombosis that may be life threatening. Furthermore, understanding of this principle changes the approach to surgical interventions that are required during the process of bypass grafting
Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome Caused by Adulteration of a Health Product with Dexamethasone
Get PDFBackground: Intake of glucocorticoids (GCs) may result in iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome.Objective: To describe a case of severe iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome caused by administration of a non-prescription drug adulterated with dexamethasone, and to alert physicians and public about harm associated with this product.Methods: PubMed and internet search up to July 24, 2022. Search terms are Cushing’s, glucocorticoids, adulteration, iatrogenic. Case reports, case series and review articles are included.Case report: A 54-year-old man presented with severe Cushinoid features. Laboratory work-up was consistent with exogenous source of GCs. Patient denied previous or current intake of GCs but reported taking a health product called “Artri-King” for knee pain. Inspection of this drug did not reveal any GCs among its ingredients. Yet, laboratory analysis performed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) confirmed that this drug contains dexamethasone, which was not listed on the product label. Review of literature reveals that GC adulteration in Chinese health products is common. Among 61 patients who consumed GC-adulterated Chinese medicines, dexamethasone was implicated in 47.5%. Most subjects (62.3%) taking products with undeclared GCs had one or more complications attributed to GCs, 11.5% required admission to intensive care, and 3.3% died. In another series, iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome was the second clinical presentation of use of adulterated Chinese medicines occurring in 10.6% of cases, whereas psychosis was the first most frequent presentation (12.9% of cases).
Conclusion: In any case of iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome, discontinuation of supplemental health products is essential because many of these products may include undeclared GCs
Indirect Impacts of COVID-19 on the Environment: A Global Review
Get PDFCoronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has plagued the Earth for the past two years and brought much controversy along with it. This report aims to analyze how the Covid-19 pandemic has had indirect effects on the environment. The onset of the pandemic has not only caused havoc disrupting routine average and businesses, but also claimed at least five million lives worldwide. This prompted the governments and the World Health Organization (WHO) to formulate measures to contain the transmission and the impact of the disease on the populations. Quarantine measures, movement restrictions, lockdowns and curfews, and travel bans are some of the most effective response methods that have helped the world contain the pandemic's spread. The adopted measures have had an indirect impact on the environment, opening the global community to numerous opportunities and threats. This report provides a critical analysis of how the Covid-19 pandemic has had indirect effects on the environment, examining how the response and containment measures have affected the environment. It focuses on air quality, water demand and quality, climate change, afforestation and deforestation, wildlife resurgence, littering, traffic congestion, noise reduction and changed human activities. It explores how the Covid-19 containment measures have had an environmental impact with a keen interest in the earlier areas
Prognostic Analysis of Machine Learning Techniques for Breast Cancer Detection
No full textLater lung cancer, breast cancer is the casual nosy cancer and it is the second dominant root of cancer demise in women. Cancer is when the mutations that occurs in genes regulate cell growth and mutations multiply and divide the cells in an undisciplined way. There are five stages of breast cancer. In each stage, the size of the tumor varies. Alcohol consumption, body weight, history of breast cancer, age, genetics, hormone treatments, etc. are the reasons for breast cancer. Two categories of breast cancer are Lobular and Ductal. Ultrasound, MRI, Mammogram are the several diagnosis methods. By employing Artificial Neural Network (ANN), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), Random forest (RFA), Naïve Bayes ī (NB), gradient boosting (GB), Logistic regression (LR) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) breast cancer can be predicted. The model gives best results when the principal features are selected
Accessory Lateral Head of the Right Gastrocnemius Muscle in a 65 year-old White Male Donor
Get PDFThe three muscles that form the calf muscle or triceps surae include the soleus muscle, the gastrocnemius muscle, and the plantaris muscle. Generally, the gastrocnemius muscle consists of a larger medial head and relatively smaller lateral head. It is responsible for plantar flexion of the foot. The lateral head arises from the posterior lateral femoral condyle and the larger medial head originates from the posterior medial femoral condyle. The medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius muscle along with the soleus muscle combine to form the Achilles tendon, which inserts onto the posterior surface of the calcaneus. Since the gastrocnemius muscle crosses three joints including the knee and subtalar joints, it can be vulnerable to injury, especially in mature athletes who experience sudden and swift changes in direction associated with muscular overstretching. Other causes of gastrocnemius muscle injury include maximal knee extension and full ankle dorsiflexion. Since the muscle is already prone to injury, anatomical variations of the gastrocnemius muscles may be symptomatic. With muscle variations, there are potential implications and effects on the other structures within the popliteal fossa. Many different anatomical variations have been identified during routine dissections and reported in the literature. Understanding details of these variations is important for diagnostic, surgical and clinical practice and patient management. Here we report on a 65-year-old White Male cadaveric donor with an accessory lateral head of the gastrocnemius muscle found incidentally during a routine dissection
Flexor Carpi Radialis Brevis: A Case Report
Get PDFThe flexor carpi radialis brevis is a rare anomalous muscle, with incidence ranging from 1.6-7.5%. While this anatomical variation is typically benign, it is of clinical importance as it can contribute to neurovascular and musculoskeletal dysfunction. Surgeons should be made aware of this variation during distal radius volar plating procedures and carpal tunnel releases. The flexor carpi radialis brevis muscle may also cause confusion when interpreting imaging results. We report here a rare case of bilateral flexor carpi radialis brevis muscles that travel through the carpal tunnel found during cadaveric dissection in a graduate course for physical therapy students. To our knowledge, this is the second published example of a flexor carpi radialis brevis muscle traveling through the carpal tunnel
Ιnternists’ and Endocrinologists’ Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding Periodontal Disease, Caries, Xerostomia and Diabetes Mellitus: A National Survey
Get PDFObjectives: The present study aims to investigate the current knowledge, attitudes and behaviors of clinicians dealing with diabetes regarding the relationship of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and odostomatological diseases, such as periodontal disease, xerostomia and caries.
Methods: A twenty-four item closed-ended multiple-choice questionnaire was completed by 225 Greek medical doctors. The sample was divided into three groups according to specialty: a) Endocrinologists; b) Internists; c) Internal medicine registrars. Bivarate analysis, Fisher test, and Spearman correlation were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Most doctors were aware of the bi-directional relationship between periodontal disease and DM. Regarding the relationship between DM and xerostomia, 50% of doctors were unaware that patients with DM have an increased risk of xerostomia and were unfamiliar with the relevant studies. Nearly 50% of doctors agreed that patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing caries. Age, specialty, and years of expertise have an impact on the way of doctors' answer. Finally, 78,6% of doctors treating diabetes should cooperate with dentists to reduce their patients' risk of odontostomatological complications.
Conclusions: The relationship between diabetes and dental problems is often underestimated. Implementation of medical and dental educational programs oriented in increasing inter-professional education as well as collaboration between dentists and doctors dealing with diabetes, are needed in order to achieve the goal of better care of patients with diabetes
Modern Educational Technologies in Medical Education: A Dream that is a Reality
Get PDFThere is an increasing demand for accountability in higher education and, at the same time, an increasing focus on improved teaching and learning (1). Meanwhile, human society has entered the era of information explosion and the Internet, and education is no exception (2). In this regard, Medical Education has undergone significant changes in the last couple of years, and medical educators experienced intense evolutionary changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The pandemic drastically affected the nature and methods of education (3), and educators all over the world focus more on modern educational technologies, which aim to promote students learning and improve their enthusiasm and initiatives in learning (2). These technologies provided opportunities for hybrid education and are a transition from teacher-directed to learner-centered methods and self-directed learning that puts this industry on edge
A Heuristic Point of View on the Breathing in the Corona Virus Environment: The "Naive Theory"
Get PDFIt is an attempt to analyze the breathing (respiration) of an already ill by the Corona Virus (CV) disease person in simple physical and equational terms, and to suggest (in these terms) a forcing of the CV Molecules (CVM) to destroy each other