JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
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Cardioprotective Potential of Ethanol Extract of Sonchus Arvensis L. Leaves on Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in Rat
Get PDFSonchus arvensis L. leaves have been used traditionally to treat various disease conditions. This study is designed to evaluate cardioprotective potential of ethanol extract of S. arvensis leaves on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rat. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into three main groups: negative control (saline only), positive control (isoproterenol only), and S. arvensis extract treated groups. S. arvensis extract was administered in three doses; 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w. p.o for 14 days. On day 13 and 14, isoproterenol (85 mg/kg bw) was given intraperitoneally to positive control and extract treated groups. The parameters studied were cardiac biomarker enzymes which were Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB), Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT) and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH). The results showed that S. arvensis at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. could significantly (P<0.05) reduce the level of CK, CK-MB, AST, ALT, and LDH in myocardial infarcted rats compared to positive control. The increase of the dose of S. arvensis extract was not followed by an increase of its cardioprotective activity. In conclusion, Sonchus arvensis L. leaves extract at dose of 50 mg/kg b.w. has potential to be developed as cardioprotective drug
Profile Of Antiretroviral Side Effects On Hiv In Rspi Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Jakarta
No full textSymptoms of Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syindrome (AIDS) is a militia or disease caused by me infection of Human Immunodeficiency immune deficiency due to Antiretroviral. Due to Virus (HIV). The therapy used is a drug that the use of Antretroviral is the appearance of unwanted reactions or side effects will appear. The objectives of the study were to analyze the side effects of antiretroviral therapy in HIV / AIDS patients in RSPI Sulianti Saroso, North Jakarta, January-June 2016 period. The sample was 95 patients. The research was done by retrospective method, data analysis desknptif data presented in tabular form and presented with pie chart. The result of the research is the combination of TDF + 3TC + Efavirenz Tenofovir-Lamivudin-Efavirenz) as much as 73,68% (0 person). There were 94.73% (90 people had mild adverse reactions and 5.27% (5 people) severe side effects
Peranan Kebijakan Obat dalam Memperbaiki Keterjangkauan Obat
Get PDFMedicine is a pharmaceutical product that has imperfect market characteristics. This affects affordability to the community, and therefore it is necessary for the government to regulate medicine prices. Medicine prices can be regulated in the medicine supply chain by the industry, importers, distributors and health facilities such as pharmacies, hospitals and medicine sellers. Developed and high income countries generally regulate the prices of medicines and are part of a health insurance system. In contrast with the situation in developed countries, medicine pricing regulation in developing countries and Lower Middle Income Countries is not well established. The regulation of mark-ups in distribution channels is the most common strategy used by LMIC. Small country with only a few pharmaceutical facilities has a weak bargaining position, generally the government cannot set prices. The application of cost-plus pricing is quite effective if it is implemented in a small country. In developing countries with a large market segment and adequate pharmaceutical industry facilities the price competition method is an effective strategy option to get lower prices. In practice, the application of medicine pricing policy is dynamic. The medicine pricing system in a country can be changed or combined with other methods if the evaluation does not provide optimal results or generates unintended impacts
Aktivitas Analgesik dan Anti-Inflamasi Akar Eurycoma longifolia pada Mencit
No full textThis study was conducted to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory acitvities of Eurycoma longifolia root in mice. The analgesic effect was assessed using chemical stimuli (wrihting test) to induce peripheral pain in mice. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema in mice. This study exhibites that Eurycoma longifolia root possesses analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in mice.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas analgesik dan anti-inflamasi akar Eurycoma longifolia pada mencit. Efek analgesik diuji dengan menggunakan rangsang kimia (uji geliat) yang menginduksi nyeri perifer pada mencit. Aktivitas antiinflamasi ditentukan dengan menginduksi edema pada mencit menggunakan karagenin. Hasi penelitian menunjukkan akar Eurycoma longifolia mempunyai aktivitas analgesik dan antiinflamasi pada mencit
Antidepressant Activity of Some Fractions of The Basil Leaves [Ocimum Basilicum (L)] on The Swiss Webster Male Mice
Get PDFObjectives : Determine the antidepressant activity of some fractions of the leaves of Ocimum basilicum L
Methods : The experimental methods are using Force Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test. The experiment was divided into seven groups. Negative control group (CMC 1 %), Positive control group (fluoxetine 0,052 mg/20 g BW of mice), test I group (fraction of n-hexane 50 mg/Kg BW), test II group (fraction of ethyl acetate 50 mg/Kg BW), test III group (fraction of ethanol 50 mg/Kg BW), test IV group (combination of cyproheptadine 0,0208 mg/20 g BW of mice and fluoxetine 0,052 mg/20 g BW of mice) and test V group (combination of cyproheptadine 0,0208 mg/20 g BW of mice and fraction of ethyl acetate 50 mg/Kg BW).
Result : The Force Swimming Test and Tail Suspension Test showed the same result that ethyl acetate fraction was given significant difference (p<0,05) in immobilization time reduction compared to negative control and has a better immobility reduction time than other groups. Added on cyproheptadine to fluoxetine and ethyl acetate fraction groups showed an increased in immobilization time compared to fluoxetine and ethyl acetate fraction alone.
Conclusion : Ethyl acetate fraction showed better antidepressant activity than another fraction through the role of serotonin
FORMULASI CREAMBATH DENGAN VARIASI KONSENTRASI SARI BONGGOL PISANG AMBON (Musa acuminata Colla)
Get PDFAmbon banana (Musa acuminata Colla) humps contain anthraquinone compounds that effectives This research aims to take advantage of the hump to be confectionary cream bath as hair growth. Water extracts of Ambon banana humps were blended and filtered, and then, this water extracts of Ambon banana was made into cream bath using concentration of 8%, 10%, and 12%. The method that is used to make cream bath is dissolution and mixing methods at a temperature of 75oC–80oC and the water extract was add at 40oC. These cream bath products weres evaluated by organoleptic, homogeneity, emulsion type, pH, spreading ability, viscosity and flow character. All formula cream bath preparations had white to ivory white, odourless bananas, emulsion type o/w, homogenized, pH 6.05 to 6.38, spreading ability 4862.05 mm2-3672.67 mm2, has a viscosity of 12000 cps-145000 cps, and showed the flow properties pseudo-plastic thixotropic.Bonggol pisang ambon (Musa acuminata Colla) mengandung senyawa antrakuinon yang berkhasiat sebagai penyubur rambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan bonggol pisang ambon menjadi sediaan sediaan creambath sebagai menyubur rambut. Bnggol pisang ambon diblender dan disaring, kemudian sarinya dibuat menjadi sediaan creambath m/a dengan konsentrasi sari bonggol pisang ambon 8%, 10%, dan 12%. Cream bath dibuat menggunakan metode pelarutan dan pencampuran pada suhu 75oC-80oC dan sarinya ditambahkan ketika campuran suhunya 40oC. Creambath yang dihasilkan dievaluasi meliputi pemeriksaan organoleptik, homogenitas, tipe krim, pH, kemampuan menyebar, viskositas dan sifat alir. Sediaan creambath yang dihasilkan berwarna putih hingga putih gading, berbau pisang, tipe emulsi M/A, homogen, pH 6,05–6,38, mudah menyebar dengan kemempuan menyebar 3672.67 mm2-4862.05 mm2, memiliki viskositas 12000 cps–145000 cps, dan menunjukkan sifat alir tiksotropik pseudoplastis.
Partial Validation of High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Analysis of Isoniazid in Rat Plasma
Get PDFTuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Nicotinic acid derivatives such as isoniazid have the strongest anti-tuberculosis properties. For pharmacokinetics studying of isoniazid (INH), a method is needed to determine the levels of INH in plasma. Objective: The aim of this research is to partial validate of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for analysis of INH in rat plasma. Method: For the preliminary study, rat plasma was used. The HPLC system used is a stationary phase C18 with length 250mm and temperature of 30°C, mobile phase hexane sulphonate acid 20mM pH 2.47–methanol (65:35). The analytical parameters in partial validated were linearity, lower limit of quantification (LLOQ), precision, accuracy, and recovery. Results: The results of linearity test of INH showed r value of 0.9996. LLOQ of this method was 0.1258μg/mL. The resulting accuracy and precision value met FDA requirements with a percent recovery ranging from 96.57–107.99%. Conclusion: The HPLC system was a valid method for analysis of INH in rat plasma
Analysis of SGPT and SGOT on Rats Induced By Isoniazid to Determine Dose and Hepatoprotective Characteristic of Unripe Pineapple Juice (Ananas comosus L. Merr)
No full textAs a consequence of Isoniazid (INH) consumption in longterm is the damage on the liver cells which is detected in high level of SGPT and SGOT in blood. Unripe pineapple fruits contained higher level of phenolic acid and flavonoids compounds than the ripe pineapple fruits, and as a result the unripe pineapple fruits juice has higher hepatoprotective potency than ripe pineapple fruits juice. The hepatoprotective activity of unripe pineapple fruits juice was determined by measuring the SGPT and SGOT level on rat blood. There were prepared 24 rats, divided into 6 groups, i.e. normal control group, positive control group, negative control group, and 3 test goups that were induced by INH and each was given the unripe pineapple fruits juice at 1 hour before and 1 hour after INH induction, with the dose of 2 mL and 4 mL. Treatment was conducted in 14 days, consecutively. To each of the rat groups, blood was taken out through the eye orbital sinus, i.e. on the first day, on the hour-0 and hour-3, and then the SGPT and SGOT level were measured. Later on, blood were taken out on the day-4, day-7, and day-14. On the rat blood that were taken out, were analyzed descriptively and statistically to determined the optimum dose and the time of the unripe pineapple fruits juice feeding in related with a hepatoprotective potency. Result showed that feeding of the unripe pineapple fruit juice 1 hour after INH induction with the dose of 2 mL during 14 days has the best hepatoprotective activity
Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Nanopartikel Ekstrak Etanol Rimpang Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) dengan Metode Penghambatan Denaturasi Protein
Get PDFJavanese turmeric rhizome (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) has been known to have many health benefits as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic and anticancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the anti-inflammatory activity of temulawak rhizome extract with its nanoparticles. Temulawak rhizome extract was obatained by maceration using 96% (v/v) ethanol as a solvent. The extracts were made into nanoparticles by ionic gelation method which used chitosan and tripolyphosphate. The results of antiinflammatory activity test using a method of inhibiting protein denaturation showed the persentage of inhibition of protein denaturation (IC50) of the extract of temulawak rhizome of 521.67±5.80 ppm while the IC50 of the nanoparticles was 398.02±1.78 ppm. Accordingly, the antiinflammatory activity of the nanoparticles was better than the extract of temulawak rhizome.Rimpang temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) dikenal memiliki banyak manfaat untuk kesehatan sebagai antibakteri, antiinflamasi, antidiabetes dan antikanker. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk membandingkan aktivitas antiinflamasi dari ekstrak rimpang temulawak dengan nanopartikelnya. Ekstrak rimpang temulawak dibuat dengan maserasi yang menggunakan pelarut etanol 96% (v/v). Ekstrak dibuat menjadi nanopartikel dengan metode gelasi ionik dimana menggunakan kitosan dan tripolifosfat. Uji antiinflamasi in vitro dilakukan dengan metode penghambatan denaturasi protein. Hasil uji aktivitas antiinflamasi dengan menggunakan metode penghambatan denaturasi protein pada ekstrak dan nanopartikel ektrak rimpang temulawak menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak memiliki aktivitas antiinflamasi. Hasil menunjukkan nilai rata-rata penghambatan denaturasi protein (IC50) dari ektrak 521,67± 5,80 bpj sedangkan nilai IC50 dari nanopartikel ektrak rimpang temulawak yang diuji yaitu 398,02±1,78 bpj. Sehingga hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas antiinflamasi nanopartikel ekstrak rimpang temulawak lebih baik daripada ekstrak rimpang temulawak
α-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AND FORMULATION OF SOLID LIPID NANOPARTICLE CONTAINING ETHANOL 70% STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF KUMIS KUCING LEAVES (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.)
Get PDFKumis kucing leaves (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.) are one type of plants that is able to inhibit the activity of α-glucosidase enzyme. This study aims to formulate Solid Lipid Nanoparticle from ethanol 70% standardized extract of kumis kucing leaves and which give α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity. The result of SLN characteristic for particle size of formula I, II and III shows the result of 51,60 nm; 12.81 nm; 11.87 nm and zeta potential of formula I, II and III show the results -27.67; -10,7; -15.0, respectively. The results of the α-glucosidase enzyme inhibitory activity of the standardized extract, SLN formula I, II and III respectively showed IC50 of 132.9 ppm; 130.3 ppm; 131.4 ppm; 132.2 ppm and Acarbose as comparison showed IC50 of 50.0 ppm. Data processing using t-test statistically at α = 0,05 showed that extract and SLN of formula I had significant difference, thus the best SLN formula was formula I with concentration of tween 80 and propylenglycol of 6% and 10%