International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
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Effects of Multiple representations and Problem- solving learning strategies on Physics students’ problem-solving abilities
Get PDFStudent’s learning in physics takes many forms. Equations, diagrams, graphs and words all can be used to describe physical phenomena. Constructing descriptions of physical situations with these representations and focusing on their correct usage led to this study which investigated physics students’ knowledge of multiple representations and problem-solving abilities using multiple representations learning strategy and problem-solving learning strategy as an intervention. The pretest-posttest, control group quasi-experimental design with a 3x2x3 factorial matrix was used. A total of 294 Senior Secondary School-two (SSII) Physics students selected from six purposively sampled co-educational schools in Education Districts V of Lagos State formed the sample. Test of Knowledge of Multiple Representations Abilities in Projectiles and Equilibrium of forces (TKMRA-PE), Multiple Representations Abilities Assessment Instrument (MRAI) and Problem-Solving Assessment Instrument (PSAI). The reliability coefficient of the TKMRA-PE, MRAI, and PSAI were 0.83, 0.75 and 0.70 respectively. Data gathered were subjected to statistical techniques of Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at 0.05 level of significant. Findings from the results showed significant effect of multiple representations learning strategies on problem-solving abilities; F (2, 291) = 4.440; p< 0.05, Ƞ2 =0.030. The descriptive statistics revealed the magnitude of problem-solving abilities across the groups. Students exposed to multiple representations learning strategy had the highest problem-solving abilities (x= 3.83), than their counterparts in problem-solving learning strategy( x = 29.4), and those conventional strategy group had the least problem-solving abilities(x =22.3). The finding showed that irrespective of gender and ability level, multiple representations and problem-solving strategies facilitate learning and should be recommended for teaching and learning of physics in senior secondary schools in Nigeria
Chemical investigation, antifungal activity and anatomical aspects of Protium puncticulatum J.F Macbr. and Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl: Protium puncticulatum and Protium tenuifolium: Chemical and biological aspects
No full textProtium Burm. f. (Burseraceae) is well known in the Brazilian Amazon for its diversity of species, though some of them are difficult to identify based on only morphological characteristics. We investigated the species Protium puncticulatum J.F. Macbr. and Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl. in relation to their chemical constituents and some biological aspects. The phytochemical study of the hexane extract from the trunk of P. puncticulatum led to the identification of a mixture of triterpenes: α, β-amyrin (1 and 2), and lupeol (3); the methanolic extract gave the lignans 7-oxo-parabenzolactone (4) and 7’-hydroxy-9α-methylcubebin (5); this last lignan showed a MIC of 320 μg/mL for Candida albicans and 160 μg/mL for Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii. The hexane extract from the branches of P. tenuifolium also provided a mixture of α and β-amyrin (1, 2); the methanolic extract gave dimeric alkylresorcinols named integracin B (6) and integracin A (7). Analyses of anatomical characteristics confirmed the identity of the species Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl. Essential oils obtained via hydrodistillation from the fresh bark of the trunk of P. tenuifolium showed a predominance of the monoterpenes limonene (56.17%), α-phellandrene (16.22%) and ρ-cymene (10.52%). This study is important since it increases knowledge on the volatile and non-volatile chemical constituents of the woody parts of two species of Protium from the Amazon
The Propellant Stimulation and Hydraulic Fracturing
No full textThe Propellant Stimulation is applied to increase the permeability of rocks; a certain quantity of explosive material is donated at the bottom of the well opposite the producing layer, which causes many cracks in the near well area. A good Propellant Stimulation process must consider the explosive material quality and quantity, and the explosion should be prevented from vertically spread so all its energy will be used to crack the rocks. The first part of this chapter explains all the above in addition to the directed explosions and its calculation in an easy way. In the second part, I explained the Hydraulic Fracturing of the reservoir rocks in details, from principal elements of the process passing through cracking fluids, proppants, preparing the wells and ending with evaluating the effectiveness and discussing the methods of hydraulic fracturing. Hydraulic fracturing is the process of pumping fluid into a wellbore at an injection rate that is too high for the formation to accept without breaking. During injection the resistance to flow in the formation increases, the pressure in the wellbore increases to a value called the break-down pressure, that is the sum of the in-situ compressive stress and the strength of the formation. Once the formation “breaks down,” a fracture is formed, and the injected fluid flows through it
BIOE and the Teaching of Physics: inferences from the Critical Theory of Technology
Get PDFThis article reads from Andrew Feenberg\u27s Critical Theory of Technology, analyzing the International Bank of Educational Objects (BIOE) in Physics teaching, investigating whether the Educational Objects (EO) available in BIOE contemplate a process of teaching and learning that is critical and reflexive and that articulates with one or more pedagogical conceptions linked to its educational objective. For this, the qualitative approach of the documentary type was used for data collection and content analysis to arrive at the results. Thus, we verify that the EO for Physics available in BIOE do not contemplate a critical and reflexive teaching and learning process articulated to one or more pedagogical conceptions linked to its educational objective; it does not broaden the problematization related to educational practices in physics towards the politicization of science and technology, in understanding the implications of an educational technology; and it is absent in the very understanding of human relations with such objects and the systems in which they operate, including the teaching and learning process
The Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery
No full textEnhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) techniques are currently one of the top priorities of technological development in the oil industry owing to the increasing demand for oil and gas, which cannot be fulfilled by primary or secondary production methods. The main function of the enhanced oil recovery process is to displace oil in the production wells by the injection of different fluids to supplement the natural energy present in the reservoir. moreover these injecting fluids can alter the reservoir`s properties; for example they can lower the interfacial tension (IFT) between oil and water, alter the rocks` wettability, change the pH value, form emulsions aid in clay migration and reduce the oil viscosity. In this chapter, we will discuss the following methods of chemical enhanced oil recovery: polymer flooding, surfactant flooding, alkaline flooding and smart water flooding. In addition, we will review the merits and demerits of each method and conclude the chapter with our recommendation
Tanzania Citizens’ Participation in Domestic Tourism: The Trust on Destination Visit
Get PDFThis study examines the Tanzania citizens’ participation in domestic tourism. The study was based on the Social Exchange Theory and its components of trust on transport and destination visit price. The choice of the theory aimed to overcome possible limitations of using the theory in Tanzania. The study extends the applicability of the component of Social Exchange Theory to include additional construct such destination visit price (DVP) variable as a mediator. Data collection questionnaires were distributed to 400 respondents in Dar es Salaam, Arusha and Bagamoyo. Being a quantitative study, Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) was deployed to establish whether trust infrastructure (TI) and destination visit price (DVP) lead to the participation of Tanzania citizens in domestic tourism (PDT). The results of the study show that the measurement and structural model exhibited better model fit indices. The relationship between trust on transport results to participation in domestic tourism through destination visit price (DVP). It is recommended that the variables analyzed in this study be recognition for influencing the participation of Tanzania citizens in domestic tourism.
Communication Strategies among Indonesian Emergent Bilinguals in Mainstream EFL Classroom
Get PDFThis study aims to enrich the already large body of research on communication strategies which is still, to the best of my knowledge, lacking in rich description about the use of CSs among emergent bilinguals. This qualitative study provides an insight to language practitioners that CSs among emergent bilinguals develop in accordance with their age. Some minor findings also suggest that CSs is influenced more by cognitive development and willingness to communicate (WTC)
Social media as teaching/learning tools in Nigerian tertiary institutions: Contributory driver to 21st century inclusive education efforts
Get PDFThis study verified students’ perceptions on whether utilisation of the social media tools for teaching/learning can possibly contribute towards driving 21st century inclusive education efforts in Nigerian universities. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. Study’s population was made up of all 392 students of Educational Technology unit of the Department of Curriculum and Teaching in the Faculty of Education in the University of Calabar. Sample was drawn through purposive sampling procedures with a sample of 68 respondents drawn for the study. A 15-item questionnaire tagged “Learners’ Perceptions of social media as Teaching/Learning Tools and Contributions to 21st century Inclusive Education Efforts’ Questionnaire” (LPSMTLTCIEEQ) was utilized to collect data. Using Cronbach Alpha, the reliability estimate of the instrument was 0.82. Data analysis was achieved using frequencies and percentages. The findings revealed that students had favourable perceptions concerning utilisation of the social media tools for teaching/learning as a vital contributor towards driving 21st century inclusive education efforts. Recommendations included that; lecturers should incorporate use of social media tools for teaching-learning processes
Usage of Arduino-based Datalogger for thermal comfort variables monitoring
Get PDFEnvironmental monitoring is an effective tool to identify problems in anthropic areas, and the emergence of cyber-physical sensors contributes to technological advances in the area. This paper introduces a device based on the Arduino cyber-physical platform to monitor air temperature and relative humidity in real-time with high efficiency. With the relationship between these two environmental variables, it will be possible to calculate the Heat Index (CI), the Temperature and Humidity Index (ITU), the Effective Temperature Index (ET), and the Thermal Discomfort Index (IDT). The Datalogger developed is easily programmable and easy to assemble and presented stable operation and proper functioning
Learning Computer Programming Using Project-Based Collaborative Learning: Students’ Experiences, Challenges, and Outcomes
Get PDFThe major concern of teaching computer programming in higher education is to provide students
with the skills necessary to integrate theory and practice. One of the methods most suited for this task is project-based collaborative learning (PBCL). This study provides an in-depth analysis of students’ experiences, levels of collaboration and challenges in learning computer programming in a PBCL setting. A survey of 428 students was selected from a population of 840 undergraduate computer programming students at all levels using a stratified random sampling technique. It was found that focusing programming courses on real problems made the course more interesting for students. The students gained new interpersonal skills and understood the technical concepts of the courses better. PBCL was found to be suitable for teaching lower level (level 100 and 200) undergraduate programming courses compared with higher level (level 300 and 400) courses. Students\u27 challenges in PBCL computer programming courses include time allocation for projects, choosing appropriate problems and piggy riding in project groups. We expect the findings of this study to influence policy on the teaching of computer programming courses at the undergraduate level