International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
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Metadata analysis of systematic literature reviews on academic spin-offs: an overview of reviews
No full textBesides assuming the role of teaching, research, and extension, the university, has expanded the boundaries of scientific knowledge to promote a business ecosystem. The business-related activities can be driven by the leadership of students with an entrepreneurial capacity, based on the technology transfer produced by the academic research and generated by companies that somehow have been idealized or had the active participation of the faculty members and the technology under their control. This model of companies, named in the literature as academic spin-off, has increased the attention of researchers at two main points: i. understanding the phenomenon itself and ii. contribute to identifying the lack of the process, whether related to the support structure or capacitation of faculty members to develop the entrepreneurial activities, as well as in understanding the commercialization of knowledge as technology transfer. In this context, the present work provided a metadata analysis of systematic literature reviews on the academic spin-off, mapping the knowledge on the subject and searching for reviews that cover the technology transfer models to study the viability of protecting the academic intellectual property as a product. Methodology: the data used in this study were retrieved from the database Web of Science and revised according to the protocol Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The bibliometric analysis of metadata was conducted in RStudio software with the package Bibliometrix and its web interface Biblioshiny. Results: 40 review articles published in peer-reviewed journals from 2006 to 2021 were selected from the initial collection. Then, as result of the bibliometric analysis, it was obtained the data of production indices (main authors, sources, and most cited articles), the evolution of chronological discussion on the subject, and other complementary. Conclusion: it was found indications of studies that discuss technology transfer models and others that examined empiric models in the academic scenario. However, in the selected collection, was not identified any review papers on academic entrepreneurship that were related to the viability of intellectual property as products to be commercialized. Also, it was identified that the word academic entrepreneurship stands out as the main keyword word to represent the research
Perceptions of COVID-19 and the demand for integrated virtual educational system in Developing countries: Evidence from students in Senegal.
Get PDFCOVID-19 emerged in late 2019 and has since been a global pandemic. One sector that is brutal hit is the educational sector, especially as schools must be closed and restrictions on movements of people introduced and enforced. Several interventions including the virtual learning platforms in all learning stages were introduced to offset its impacts. This study analyzed the perceptions of tertiary students on COVID-19 and the demand for an integrated virtual educational system in Senegal. This involved 297 students in the second year or higher in the university. The results established mixed perceptions of students on COVID-19 which feed into the public perceptions of the pandemic in the country. Generally, there is a low interest in students in integrated virtual education, and this was influenced by factors such as low access to quality Wi-Fi services and access to scholarship education. It is recommended that the school authorities must ensure improved internet services on campus while national policies are designed to reduce the cost of internet services
Pandemic pedagogy in Life Sciences: the assessment conundrum and diversifying delivery modes
Get PDFCOVID-19 had a significant impact on higher education, forcing emergency remote teaching. The quantity versus quality assessment conundrum is a continuing debate and the rapid transition to online delivery provided an opportunity to assess this.
We compared data on assessment number and type, student experience and outcomes, pre-COVID-19 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data on perceptions of differential modes of learning are assessed in the form of extra-curricular summer schools to replace or enhance modular laboratory and fieldwork practicals.
There was minimal decrease in assessment load (9.6%) and type (12.5%). Differences in student perceptions of assessment and modules were insignificant (t=22, p=0.1) between years and student outcomes revealed an average 4% increase in the COVID-19 year. Summer schools were viewed very positively, with 72% preferring the intensive teaching format. This study provides additional evidence in the assessment dilemma and developments towards more flexible modes of learning
Construction of low-cost benches to assist in teaching machine elements and small engine testing: Construction of low-cost benches to assist in teaching
No full textThe teaching practice in technical, technological, and engineering education requires well-structured laboratories with didactic resources that provide the actors in the teaching and learning process with better interaction between the topics covered and the search for a practice. Thus, it is fundamental that lecturing institutions have teaching resources in their laboratories that the lecturers would use to improve their teaching-learning process. A teaching bench is a good option among the previous didactic models. The machine elements didactic benches allow a better explanation and application of the relationships between the various mechanical elements and related several subjects. For this reason, this work aims to build two didactic benches to assist the teaching-learning process under technical and didactic standards for teaching courses and/or related subjects of machine elements and later performance of engine bench tests to ensure its operation. The first didactic bench aims to assist in classes in relevant subjects involving machine elements. It has several components in it, and its characteristics and functionalities can be visualized. It has an electric engine for activation and a Prony brake type that measures the motor\u27s torque and power demands. Additionally, it allows the student to visualize the correlations of the various calculations with practice, such as transmission ratio, torque, and power. The second didactic bench concerns the analysis of internal combustion or electric engines\u27 functionalities, in which several parameters are analyzed, such as speed motor, torque, power, and fuel consumption. The engine bench has a load cell, rotation sensor, and Prony brake type initially adapted to test two engine models (electric and internal combustion). This work was developed using machine design methodology, highlighting the informational, conceptual, preliminary, and detailed design. The didactic bench tests ensured that they could be used in the teaching-learning process for engineering students. Moreover, with the construction of the small engine test bench, it is possible to evaluate internal combustion engine operating parameters, such as power, strength, rotation, and fuel consumption
Main Electroclinic Syndromes of The Infant: A Literature Review
Get PDFAn electroclinic syndrome (also known as epileptic syndrome) consists of a set of characteristics that associate with seizures, characteristics of electroencephalography and imaging that tend to occur together. Among them is a group that affects infants, usually having a genetic etiology. Objective: to carry out a literature review on the most common types of infant electroclinical syndromes, describing their main characteristics. Methodology: This is a narrative review of the literature of articles published between 2005 and 2020, in Portuguese and English. The research was carried out in December 2020. The following descriptors were used to search for the articles: Electroclinical syndromes. Epilepsy. Infant. Results: Through the research carried out, 12 scientific articles were selected, nine of them in English and three in Portuguese. Conclusion: The study identified 7 common electroclinical syndromes in infants and made it possible to conclude that knowledge of the clinical profile, types of crises and characteristics of the electroencephalography of the disease phenotype associated with the specific mutation can help improve the accuracy and management of the diagnosis of electroclinical syndromes
Analysis of the correlation between Guillain-Barré and post-COVID-19 syndromes
Get PDFOBJECTIVE: To correlate Guillain-Barré as a consequence of the Post-COVID-19 syndrome, evaluating the pathophysiological, immunogenic and epidemiological mechanisms. METHODOLOGY: A systematic review was carried out, with secondary data, using articles published in the following databases: Latin American Caribbean Literature on Science and Health (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library (ScIELO) and Pubmed; using the descriptors: Guillain-Barré syndrome; Demyelinating Diseases and COVID-19, using the Boolean operator “AND”, swapping between them. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: According to Abu-Rumeileh et al. (2021), patients with COVID-19, even if asymptomatic, were more likely to develop GBS, with a predominance of the male population, in the classic sensorimotor form and in acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, with an increase in pediatric cases also being observed, due to of the wide age range of Sars-Cov-2. The post-infection immune-mediated pathophysiological mechanism observed some predisposing factors, namely: neurological symptoms after Sars-Cov-2 infection, improvement of the clinical picture of GBS with immunomodulators and absence of viral RNA in the cerebrospinal fluid. CONCLUSION: Guillain-Barré Syndrome consists of an immune-mediated neuromuscular condition usually subsequent to an infectious process, which triggers an inflammatory response followed by a molecular mimicry that causes an autoimmune response in the individual\u27s peripheral nervous system. Although there is no consensus in the scientific community regarding the causal relationship between COVID-19 and GBS, it is believed that infection with the new coronavirus precipitates an immune-mediated reaction that triggers this neuromuscular condition characterized by progressive, symmetrical and ascending weakness, in addition to areflexia
Bowel symptoms associated with coronavirus disease 19 in hospitalized patients with moderate to severe illness
Get PDFBowel symptoms, such as diarrhea, have higher prevalence during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The correlation between the severity of these symptoms and their prognosis has not been defined yet. Furthermore, higher prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms after recovery from COVID-19 has been reported. This study aimed to analyze the correlation of potential factors with the severity of diarrhea during COVID-19 and to assess the progression of post-COVID-19 bowel symptoms. This prospective longitudinal cohort included 109 patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 symptoms who were hospitalized from May to July 2021. Patients were interviewed to assess the presence and intensity of bowel symptoms during COVID-19 and 3–6 months after hospital discharge using the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale questionnaire. Demographic and clinical data were obtained and their correlations with the intensity of bowel symptoms were examined. The presence of severe diarrhea was correlated with the need for ventilatory support and the use of anticoagulants but not with the use of antibiotics. In addition, bowel symptoms, such as loose stools and incomplete evacuation but not diarrhea, constipation, or abdominal pain, persisted for at least 3–6 months after hospital discharge. These results suggest that the severity of diarrhea during COVID-19 may be associated with worsening of the disease and that only loose stools and incomplete evacuation are present after COVID-19. The chronicity of these bowel symptoms should be evaluated to improve the treatment of patients with COVID-19
Hydroponic forage of corn and millet grown on different organic substrates
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to evaluate the production and nutritive value of the hydroponic forage of corn and pearl millet grown in different organic substrates. It was carried out in a completely randomized design in 2 x 3 factorial scheme with four replications. The grasses used were corn and pearl millet and sugarcane bagasse, chopped elephant grass and chopped Brachiaria grass as substrates. The harvest was carried out 15 days after sowing, with seed density of 2 kg/m², irrigated with water and commercial nutrient solution. The productive parameters and chemical composition of the hydroponic forage were evaluated. The use of sugarcane bagasse substrate resulted in a greater production of total dry mass for corn among the other treatments, which reflected in better efficiency in the production parameters. As for substrates composed of chopped grass, lower values of neutral detergent fiber were identified in both corn and pearl millet. The substrates and grass species affect the evaluated parameters, in which the use of sugarcane bagasse resulted in greater total production of dry mass using corn. The substrates based on chopped grass reflected in biomass with reduced fiber content, high levels of digestible nutrients, in addition to high protein content
Analysis of the bamboo construction process in the architecture of Leiko Motomura and Simón Vélez
Get PDFThe interest in the use of natural materials by construction professionals has been growing as the concern with designing buildings with low environmental impact arises. For this reason bamboo is an excellent choice, as this material has a high resistance parallel to the fibers, is light and has a great capacity to incorporate CO². Given the context described above, this article aims to analyze the constructive techniques in bamboo culms in two works of architectural relevance: Max Feffer Cultural Center (Brazil) and Casa Serra Grande (Brazil), by architects Leiko Motomura and Simón Vélez. For this, field visits were made for a better understanding of bamboo connections, analysis of photographs, files, 3D models and bibliographical research regarding the material. The study helps to understand and reflect on the constructive components of bamboo in architectural projects, highlighting the association between the traditional elements of fittings, associated with the technology available today, such as the grout associated with screws, clamps and spacers
Sex education in school and teacher training: : contributions to an imperative agenda
Get PDFFrom this brief preamble, it is opportune to investigate how sexual education is taught in schools as well as the production of researchers engaged in studying this matter. Teachers are the main agents involved in the mediation of knowledge. After all, they mediate contents and discuss information on sex and sexuality that come from the family, society or media, with which children and adolescents interact. This study aims to investigate, from a selection of productions available on Capes Journal Portal, which are the theorists/theories most cited by researchers who discuss the teaching of sex and sexuality to children and adolescents. To identify the theoretical sources used by these authors to support their studies, the following research question was formulated: according to the authors that discuss sexuality education for adolescents and children, what are the characteristics of the teacher education program and which theorists are more cited in their studies? The study consists of a qualitative-convergent mixed systematic review. We used the descriptors ‘sexuality’ and ‘teaching’ in exact terms. The eligibility criteria consisted of articles (i) published from 2019 to 2020; (ii) with open access; (iii) reviewed by; and (iv) with a focus of interest on basic education (adolescents and children). The content analysis of the main results obtained allowed to organize the findings into four categories: school-based sexual education and teacher training: contributions to an inevitable discussion; teaching and sexuality; teacher training for sexuality education; theories cited. From the results, it can be seen that the mediation between the two theories – teaching and sexuality – takes place almost exclusively in Biology and Sciences classes. And in these subjects, the teachers’ focus is on reproductive issues, something that does not allow an effective exploration of the sexuality topic by the main players of the teaching action