International Journal for Innovation Education and Research
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Evaluation of the Appropriateness of Thyroid Fine-Needle Aspiration
Full text linkThis study aims to perform an integrative literature review on FNAB of the thyroid and its current contributions facing thyroid nodules, as an important diagnostic tool to eliminate early thyroid cancer, a recurrent pathology in offices. Regarding the methods, because this is an integrative review of literature, through a descriptive study, we used databases such as Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline/PubMed), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Virtual Health Library (VHL). The query was performed using the controlled descriptors from DeCS/MeSH: "thyroid nodule", "fine needle biopsy", "thyroid", "liquid-based cytology", "molecular test". Moreover, as a result we obtained a general review about the appropriateness of FNAB of the thyroid, an efficient and reliable diagnostic method in the decision and selection of patients who will need surgery. However, this method presents some limitations, such as the need for improvement in the quality of the sample collection or in its interpretation, limitations that can be reduced, decreasing the cases of false positives and negatives, when collected by experienced professionals, guided by ultrasound, and can be combined with color Doppler, as well as, seek opinions from other specialists. The present study also addressed the new diagnostic methods for thyroid nodules, such as liquid-based cytology, used as a technique in conjunction with conventional smears when ancillary techniques are applied, and molecular tests, which have given professionals the opportunity to provide a more accurate evaluation in cases of indeterminate nodules. With this, we reiterate the importance of identifying the best individualized strategy for the patient, preventing unnecessary procedures and offering improved quality of life
The Effect of learning resources on enrollment for higher education and career advancement in Kenya
No full textThe higher education space appears to have greatly evolved in the last two decades following a raft of reforms. Education and career growth are widely perceived to be intricately interlinked. Education leads to overall economic growth as well as increased income for the individuals. This has resulted to an increase in demand for higher education as individuals advance in their cognitive and social skills leading to development in human capital. However, the attainment of higher education is dependent on the quantity and quality of inputs which shape the outcomes. To address this gap, the paper examined the effect of learning resources on the pursuit of higher education and career advancement in Kenya. Career advancement increases individual’s competitiveness and translates to deliberate progression in work and socioeconomic growth. The paper is motivated by the human capital theory which associates higher education to increase in productivity of human beings through improved skills, the social cognitive career theory which explains self-efficacy and academic efficacy to individual economic development as well as the input output theory which in this context links the learning resources as inputs in higher education and the acquired academic knowledge which is an output to career advancement of primary school teachers. Findings from the study revealed the significant role played by the available learning resources. The study recommends that the MOE, TSC and education stakeholders, leverage on the findings from the study when making decision regarding higher education in relation to career advancement and growth
Feasibility Study Of M-Health Transition Care Program For Traumatic Brain Injury Caregivers
Full text linkBackground: Caring in discharge transition for patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has impacted caregivers. MHealth has become popular for communication between a patient/caregiver and a health profession integrated into numerous public well-being programs in low-middle income countries but is limited for TBI caregivers.
Purpose: This study aims to assess the feasibility of the mHealth supportive care transition program based on transitional care theory for improving discharge readiness and reducing caregivers\u27 transition stress and burden of caregiving and the patient\u27s readmission rate.
Methods: Seven family caregivers who met inclusion criteria were recruited. The mHealth supportive care transition program includes education and face-to-face information assisted by an android-based application, skill demonstration, assessment of the readiness of hospital discharge, and weekly monitoring and follow-up after the patient\u27s discharge is given. The outcomes were evaluated using a validated and standardized scale designed to measure transition stress and the burden of caregiving at the baseline, two weeks, and one-month post-discharge, including the patient\u27s readmission one month (within 28 days) after discharge. Feedback through the mHealth satisfaction questionnaire on the trial feasibility was also collected.
Results: The initial findings showed that all subjects experienced a decrease of stress transition and caregiver burden at two weeks and one-month post-discharge follow-up. High satisfaction scores on mHealth were also reported and no patient was readmitted within 28 days.
Conclusion: This feasibility study showed the mHealth supportive care transition program is feasible for implementation, but it is required to test the effectiveness in the next phase on RCT with a larger sample size
The Practices and Challenges of Educational Material Management in Secondary Schools of Wolaita Zone, Snnpr.
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of school principal’s leadership in school improvement program in Wolaita Zone government secondary schools. Descriptive survey research design was employed to describe the phenomena to the study. In Nine woreda , ten secondary schools were selected through simple random sampling. 10 students’ representatives under sample woreda and 30 principals were selected through availability sampling technique. Furthermore, 120 teachers participated in the study by using simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire was prepared for teachers and principals. Focus group discussion and document analysis were also used to validate the data gathered through questionnaires. Frequency, percentage, standard divisions, means and person’s correlations were used to determine the relationship between variables. The result of the study indicated that educational leaders ineffectively providing textbooks and other teaching/learning materials mission, and goals of the school, creating a Conducive environment to facilitate supervisory activities in the school by organizing all necessary resources, curriculum monitoring and evaluation and low participation of stake holders improving SIP implementation for effectiveness of principal’s leadership. Besides this, principals used several approaches in supervising the implementation of instructional practices. Some approaches like use of students to monitor teacher lesson attendance and visiting class to observe a teacher were rarely used. Most principals involved their subordinates in decision making. Schools faced challenges that include inadequate trained teachers and learning/ teaching materials, inadequate science laboratories and lack of time to check on the teachers’ and students’ work by principals. Study recommends that the school provide more learning materials and facilities like science laboratories and libraries. The woreda education office have better to employ more teachers to the schools with understaffing in order to relieve the current teacher of the work load and ensure timely syllabus coverage as this will significantly impact to effectiveness of principals. Principals have better to delegate mores duties to their stake holders in order to save time to assess both the students’ and teachers’ commitment to their work
Superior Mesenteric artery syndrome: A systematic review
Full text linkSuperior mesenteric artery syndrome (SAMS) or Wilkie syndrome is a rare clinical condition, the incidence of superior mesenteric syndrome reported in some previous studies can range from 0.013% to 0.78% but the true incidence is unknown. This syndrome is characterized by extrinsic constriction on the anterior surface of the duodenum by the superior mesenteric artery and the abdominal aorta, leading to the formation of an aortomesenteric angle < 25°, and a decrease in the normal distance between the aorta and the mesenteric artery to 2-8 mm. Objective: Therefore, the objective of the present study is to carry out a systematic review of the literature to describe the superior mesenteric artery syndrome. Methodology: This study is a systematic literature review, with a qualitative approach, with interpretation and analysis of the elements obtained. The research was carried out from the survey of scientific articles found in the main search platforms for scientific articles: ScienceDirect, PubMed, SciELO, Bireme, from 2017 to 2022. Results and discussion: For this review 15 articles were selected as the studies showed that the symptoms of Wilkie syndrome are confusing, epigastric pain, vomiting, heartburn may be signs of other gastrointestinal pathologies such as gastroesophageal reflux, as presented in the literature. In chronic patients, non-operative therapy is often prolonged due to the long period of hospitalization, with a low success rate ranging from 14 to 71%. Strong\u27s operation, gastrojejunostomy, and duodenujejunostomy are treatment options for Wilkie syndrome. Final considerations: The diagnosis of Wilkie syndrome often depends on a high index of clinical exclusion of other diseases, resulting in ineffective symptomatic symptoms. For this reason, a detailed history should be taken and after careful endoscopic evaluation, CT images should be analyzed carefully and surgery should be considered in cases of longer duration with nutritional support, always emphasizing the importance of individual assessment of each patient
Stolen dreams: Youth in poor communities on the Coast of Paraná – Brazil
No full textBrazil is going through a period of instability in the economic and social areas, resulting from a model of governmental management that cares little, especially for the new generations. In this context, a descriptive exploratory study was carried out with 173 young people about the problems faced in building the future. The study revealed that the average age was 19.24 years old and the average income was USD 270 for a family with an average of 4.6 people, without their own residence. 40% of these families did not have formal employment. 36.5% of young people felt deeply discouraged about the future, and among the reasons revealed by them there were the absence of a minimum income (39.9%), difficulty in accessing free public education (28%), low job offer that can reconcile with studies (22%), not considering themselves capable of overcoming difficulties (18%) and fear of failure (14%). According to the perception of all respondents, public policies to encourage minorities and access to education and work have been dilapidated in recent years and that has been the main cause that prevents the future desired by new generations
Analysis of pathologies caused by humidity in civil construction
Full text linkIn search of better comfort and productivity, man has sought information, since antiquity, about civil construction, because, as society has become more complex, knowledge about construction has become an essential skill for human beings. In this context, the present work aims to present a simplified theoretical review on pathologies caused by humidity, and added to these characteristics, to approach ways for possible solutions, seeking to remedy the different problems caused. The present study was written through a bibliographic review on the different problems caused by pathologies caused by humidity, with a focus on solutions. For this, research was carried out on the subject, through a survey of theoretical sources (journals, scientific articles, books, theses, among others) and a theoretical framework that underlies the history of civil construction and the different characteristics acquired over the years. time. Humidity is a pathology that causes some problems in construction and mainly impacts the financial management of the project, as the final value of the work can undergo major changes until the final solution of the problem. Humidity can cause fissures and cracks, compromising part of the construction structure, in addition to other problems that affect aesthetics, such as mold, efflorescence, mildew, blisters in the paint, loss of plaster and rust. As the main causes identified for the appearance of this pathology, we can mention the lack of prevention, since the lack of waterproofing products compromises the quality of the work, causing infiltrations. The lack of ventilation and high humidity in the environment must also be observed, as they generate moisture by condensation resulting in problems such as stains and mold on ceilings and walls. The hydraulic installation is also considered, since it is important that this system has the correct and necessary sealing to avoid contact of water with the structure
THE PSYCHOLOGY: Coping Strategies for Cyberbullying by Adolescents in Secondary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya
No full textUse of social media has a significant influence on the behaviors of teenagers. Although nations around the world are aware of what occurs on websites like Facebook, YouTube, Twitter, and others, there has been evidence of cyberbullying on these platforms. This study was conducted among the teenagers attending secondary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya, to investigate the coping strategies used by adolescents in dealing with the effects of cyberbullying. The research used Ex –Post- Facto design. All of the adolescents in selected secondary schools between the ages of 13 and 18 made up the study population. The study used stratified random sampling techniques to select the sample of 318 adolescents. the study also used purposive sampling to select 5 School Principals and 5 Teacher-Counselors. Data was collected using a modified Cyberbullying Coping Questionnaire. Interview schedules were used to gather information from the Teacher-Counselors and School Principals on the quality of cyberbullying coping strategies. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and presented using frequency tables and percentages. The results revealed that the coping mechanisms for cyberbullying involved team efforts from parents, teachers, and students. The study found that 58(18.2%) and 81(25.5%) would seek professional advice or report the matter to their parents, teachers or school principals. Additionally, the study found that there was age difference with those who blocked, deleted or informed the bully to stop his bullying behaviors. The study recommends that School Principals and parents should create a safe and healthy environment in both home and school. Further, the study recommends that schools to put in place surveillance strategies to support students who experience cyberbullying and to develop programmes to enhance psychological adjustment
Intelligent Vehicle Automatic Identification System Based on YOLOv4 and ViSLAM
Full text linkIn this paper, we use intelligent vehicles as the platform and use convolutional neural networks for lane recognition and classification during driving. For the recognition of landmarks, we use YOLOv4, a popular YOLO series algorithm, as the model for recognition. At the same time, we study and explore intelligent vehicle mapping and positioning technology based on the SLAM framework in a laboratory working environment with weak signals
From Aristotle to Newton’s philosophical ideas
Full text linkAristotle and Isaac Newton employed different methods in their respective areas of study. Observation vs. Experimentation: Aristotle\u27s method relied heavily on observation of the natural world. He believed that knowledge could be acquired through careful observation and categorization of phenomena. Newton, on the other hand, emphasized experimentation as a critical component of scientific inquiry. He conducted experiments to test his theories and used mathematical equations to describe the behavior of physical systems. Deduction vs. Induction: Aristotle\u27s method involved deductive reasoning, where he would start with general principles and derive specific conclusions. He used syllogistic logic and relied on the principles of validity and soundness. Newton, in contrast, employed inductive reasoning. He would observe specific instances and patterns and then formulate general laws or theories based on those observations. Theoretical vs. Mathematical: Aristotle\u27s approach was more theoretical and philosophical in nature. He sought to understand the underlying principles and causes of natural phenomena. While he did use some mathematics, his focus was on conceptual understanding. Newton, on the other hand, heavily employed mathematics in his work. He developed mathematical equations and formulas to describe and predict the behavior of physical systems. Geocentric vs. Heliocentric: Aristotle\u27s worldview was geocentric, meaning he believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe. This influenced his understanding of celestial bodies and their motions. Newton, however, embraced the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus, which placed the Sun at the center of the solar system. This shift in perspective influenced Newton\u27s understanding of celestial mechanics. Influence on Methodology: Aristotle\u27s method of observation and deduction had a significant impact on scientific thinking in ancient and medieval times. His approach laid the foundation for natural philosophy and influenced scientific thought for centuries. Newton\u27s method of experimentation and mathematical analysis revolutionized the field of physics and laid the groundwork for the scientific method as we know it today. While Aristotle and Newton employed different methods, both made significant contributions to their respective fields and advanced our understanding of the natural world. Their methods reflect the intellectual and technological contexts of their times and have shaped the way science is conducted and understood