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GESIS Knowledge Graph (GESIS KG)
No full textThe GESIS Knowledge Graph (GESIS KG) represents metadata of all scientific resources available in the GESIS Search (https://search.gesis.org/) and its semantic relationships in an integrated and consistent form and makes them accessible for integration and reuse. Understanding relations and dependencies between scientific resources is crucial to capture provenance, ensure reproducibility of research and facilitate informed search across resources. Hence, the GESIS KG captures links between different scientific resources, e.g., links between data, publications, survey instruments, survey variables, and links between entities like authors and social science concepts. The GESIS KG is geared towards interoperability and uses established W3C standards and widely accepted vocabularies, such as schema.org, DDI, the NFDIcore Ontology among others to increase interoperability and reusability of data on the Web for both humans and machines, e.g., through APIs. On instance-level, we address interoperability by reusing PIDs from commonly used PID systems, interlinking the GESIS KG with other KG provided by GESIS as well within the NFDI. Find more information at https://data.gesis.org/gesiskg/ Detailed description of the files can be found in GESISKG_readme.txt Keywords: knowledge graph, semantic web, scholarly resource metadata, social sciencesThe GESIS Knowledge Graph (GESIS KG) represents metadata of all scientific resources available in the GESIS Search (https://search.gesis.org/) and its semantic relationships in an integrated and consistent form and makes them accessible for integration and reuse. Understanding relations and dependencies between scientific resources is crucial to capture provenance, ensure reproducibility of research and facilitate informed search across resources. Hence, the GESIS KG captures links between different scientific resources, e.g., links between data, publications, survey instruments, survey variables, and links between entities like authors and social science concepts. The GESIS KG is geared towards interoperability and uses established W3C standards and widely accepted vocabularies, such as schema.org, DDI, the NFDIcore Ontology among others to increase interoperability and reusability of data on the Web for both humans and machines, e.g., through APIs. On instance-level, we address interoperability by reusing PIDs from commonly used PID systems, interlinking the GESIS KG with other KG provided by GESIS as well within the NFDI. Find more information at https://data.gesis.org/gesiskg/ Detailed description of the files can be found in GESISKG_readme.txt Keywords: knowledge graph, semantic web, scholarly resource metadata, social science
Surface Groups Dominican Republic 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups El Salvador 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Namibia 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Sudan 1984-2021
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Surface Groups Honduras 1984-2023
No full textThis project develops a novel procedure for proxying economic activity with daytime satellite imagery across time periods and spatial units, for which reliable data on economic activity are otherwise not available. In developing this unique proxy, we apply machine-learning techniques to a historical time series of daytime satellite imagery from the Landsat program dating back to 1984. Compared to satellite data on night light intensity, another common economic proxy, our proxy more precisely predicts economic activity at smaller regional levels and over longer time horizons. Our procedure is generalizable to any region in the world, and it has great potential for analyzing historical economic developments, evaluating local policy reforms, and controlling for economic activity at highly disaggregated regional levels in econometric applications. Therefore, we produce our proxy for any region in the world and publish the data as georeferend TIF files in this repository. In our paper, we demonstrate our measure’s usefulness for the example of Germany, where East German data on economic activity are unavailable for detailed regional levels and historical time series
Inkomster i Göteborg 1925-1958
No full textThe aim of this study is to throw light on why inequality in the distribution of income in Sweden fell from the mid-1920s to the second part of the 1950s. For this reason the project decided to collect income information referring to different years from a sample of households for one Swedish city. A database was created by coding tax records and other documents for the city of Göteborg, the second largest city in Sweden. The determination of which years to investigate was critical. For analysing changes over time it was thought as essential to have roughly equal numbers of years between years studied. Further, it was thought advisable to avoid years with too much macroeconomic turmoil as well as the years of the two World Wars. Balancing the resources for the data collection between the size of a sub sample and the number of subsamples, it was decided to assemble data for four years. The years 1925, 1936, 1947 and 1958 was chosen to investigate. It should be pointed out that the year 1947 was preferred to the following years as large social insurance reforms leading to increases in pension benefits and the introduction of child allowances were put in effect in 1948. Household is defined from registers kept in the archives (Mantalslängder). A household is defined as persons with the same surname living in the same apartment or single-family house. This means that there can be people belonging to more than two generations in the same household; siblings living together can make up a household as well. Foster children are included as long as they are registred at the same address. Adult children are considered to be living in the household of their parents as long as they are registred at the same address. In almost all cases, servants and tenants not belonging to the household are treated as separate households.Studiens syfte var att belysa varför ojämlikheten i inkomstfördelningen i Sverige minskade från mitten av 1920-talet till andra hälften av 1950-talet. Av denna anledning samlade man in inkomstuppgifter för olika år från ett urval av hushåll för en svensk stad. En databas skapades genom att koda skattehandlingar och andra dokument för Göteborgs stad, Sveriges näst största stad. Fastställandet av vilka år som skulle undersökas var avgörande. För att analysera förändringar över tid ansågs det vara väsentligt att ha ungefär lika många år mellan de år som studerades. Vidare ansågs det vara tillrådligt att undvika år med för mycket makroekonomisk oro såväl som år under de två världskrigen. Detta resulterade i att åren 1925, 1936, 1947 och 1958 valdes ut. Det bör påpekas att år 1947 föredrogs framför följande år då stora socialförsäkringsreformer som ledde till höjningar av pensionsförmånerna och införandet av barnbidrag infördes 1948. Hushåll definierades från mantalslängder. Ett hushåll definierades som personer med samma efternamn som bor i samma lägenhet eller småhus. Detta innebär att det kan finnas personer som tillhör fler än två generationer i samma hushåll; syskon som bor tillsammans kan också utgöra ett hushåll. Fosterbarn ingår så länge de är folkbokförda på samma adress. Vuxna barn anses bo i sina föräldrars hushåll så länge de är folkbokförda på samma adress. I nästan alla fall behandlas tjänstefolk och hyresgäster som inte tillhör hushållet som separata hushåll
Politbarometer 2021 (Cumulated Data Set)
No full textThe Politbarometer has been conducted since 1977 on an almost monthly basis by the Research Group for Elections (Forschungsgruppe Wahlen) for the Second German Television (ZDF). Since 1990, this database has also been available for the new German states. The survey focuses on the opinions and attitudes of the voting population in the Federal Republic on current political topics, parties, politicians, and voting behavior. From 1990 to 1995 and from 1999 onward, the Politbarometer surveys were conducted separately in the eastern and western federal states (Politbarometer East and Politbarometer West). The separate monthly surveys of a year are integrated into a cumulative data set that includes all surveys of a year and all variables of the respective year. The Politbarometer short surveys, collected with varying frequency throughout the year, are integrated into the annual cumulation starting from 2003.The following topics are included in the total data set as a whole. In some cases they were asked at every survey time, but in others only at one or more survey times. Most important political issues in Germany; intention to vote in the next Federal Parliament election and party preference (Sunday question, first vote, second vote); voting at the polling station or by absentee ballot; certainty of voting; imagining voting for the following parties: CDU/CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, the Left Party, the Greens, and the Free Voters; interest in the Federal Parliament election; voting behavior in the last Federal Parliament election; other voting decision in the 2021 Federal Parliament election with prior knowledge of the election outcome; satisfaction with the election result of the Federal Parliament election, coalition preference; assessment of a grand coalition of CDU/CSU and SPD led by the CDU or a grand coalition led by the SPD; assessment of a coalition of CDU/CSU and Greens led by the CDU or led by the Greens; assessment of a coalition of Greens, SPD and Die Linke, of SPD, Greens and Die Linke, of Greens, SPD and FDP, of SPD, Greens and FDP, of CDU/CSU and AfD, of CDU/CSU, Greens and FDP, and of CDU/CSU, SPD and FDP; preference for a federal government led by the CDU/CSU or a federal government led by the Greens; Federal government consisting of SPD, Greens and FDP could make an important contribution to solving Germany´s problems; expected good cooperation of the new federal government consisting of CDU/CSU, Greens and FDP; sympathy scalometer for the parties CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke and Greens; satisfaction scalometer for the federal government consisting of CDU/CSU and SPD and for the respective governing parties; ranking of parties most liked; most important politicians in Germany; likability scalometer for selected top politicians (Peter Altmaier, Annalena Baerbock, Robert Habeck, Lars Klingbeil, Winfried Kretschmann, Armin Laschet, Karl Lauterbach, Christian Lindner, Heiko Maas, Angela Merkel, Friedrich Merz, Olaf Scholz, Manuela Schwesig, Horst Seehofer, Markus Söder, Jens Spahn, Frank-Walter Steinmeier and Sarah Wagenknecht); interest in politics; opinion on the future traditional-conservative political course of the CDU; stronger traditional-conservative orientation more helpful or more harmful for the CDU; opinion on the new ministers: Expectation of good work from Chancellor Scholz, from Health Minister Karl Lauterbach, from Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock and from Finance Minister Christian Lindner; assessment of the current economic situation in the country; most suitable party to solve the economic problems in the country; assessment of the current personal economic situation and expected economic situation in the coming year; expected upward trend in Germany (economic expectations); most competent party to create jobs, in the areas of corona policy, social policy, social justice, securing pensions, climate protection and refugee and asylum policy; assessment of the AfD as a danger to democracy; advocacy of observation of the entire AfD by the Office for the Protection of the Constitution; confidence in the Greens´ ability to govern; winner of the 2021 Federal Parliament election already determined; expected winner of the 2021 Federal Parliament election; 2021 Federal Parliament election is particularly important compared to the last Federal Parliament elections; more important which parties will together form the government after the Federal Parliament election or who will become Chancellor; willingness of SPD to form government with Greens and Left; attitude towards a government consisting of SPD, Greens and Left; SPD should rule out forming a government with participation of the Left before the Federal Parliament election vs. should not commit; preferred coalition partners of SPD after the Federal Parliament election and presumed desired coalition of SPD (government with Greens and Left or government with Greens and FDP); preferred coalition partners of FDP after the Federal Parliament election and presumed desired coalition of FDP (government with CDU/CSU and Greens or government with SPD and Greens); preferred coalition partners of the Greens after the federal election and presumed desired coalition of the Greens (government with CDU/CSU and the FDP, with the SPD and the FDP, or with the SPD and the Left); preference for a government of SPD, Greens and FDP or of CDU/CSU, Greens and FDP; expected government; expected traffic light coalition of SPD, Greens and FDP; importance of the issues of climate protection, corona policy, asylum policy and social justice for own election decision; expected good cooperation of SPD, Greens and FDP in coalition negotiations; expected enforcement of the respective goals of SPD, Greens and FDP in coalition negotiations; expected agreement by SPD, Greens and FDP on coalition agreement before Christmas; goals of traffic light coalition fundable without further debt; rising energy prices a personal problem; support for government subsidy for low-income citizens because of high energy prices; European Union: Rather advantages vs. disadvantages for the German population due to EU membership; desire for closer cooperation of EU member states vs. more autonomy; rule of law as a prerequisite for EU funds; attitude towards additional national debt in view of current political and economic tasks; attitude towards higher taxation of high incomes; satisfaction with the work of Chancellor Angela Merkel; satisfaction with the work of the German government; expected rising numbers of refugees in Germany; Germany can cope with more refugees; problems of reunification now largely resolved; reunification was the right thing to do; preponderance of differences or commonalities between eastern and western Germany; assessment of social justice in Germany; assessment of cohesion in society; assessment of the suitability of Armin Laschet, Friedrich Merz, Norbert Röttgen, Jens Spahn, Markus Söder, Olaf Scholz, Robert Habeck and of Annalena Baerbock as chancellor; expected CDU candidate for chancellor (Armin Laschet or Markus Söder); most suitable candidate for CDU party chair (Armin Laschet, Friedrich Merz or Norbert Röttgen); Armin Laschet as CDU/CSU candidate for chancellor rather helpful vs. rather unhelpful for CDU/CSU´s performance in the Federal Parliament election; better result in the Federal Parliament election with Armin Laschet or with Markus Söder as candidate for chancellor; CDU leadership candidate Armin Laschet or political content of CDU/CSU as reason for CDU/CSU´s poor result in the Federal Parliament election; CDU/CSU should seek government with Greens and SPD vs. go into opposition; expected prolonged weakness of CDU/CSU; Armin Laschet should resign as CDU party chairman; politician who can successfully lead CDU into the future as party chairman; other politician named as party chairman; chancellor candidate for a better election result for the Greens (Annalena Baerbock or Robert Habeck); Saskia Esken and Lars Klingbeil will successfully lead the SPD into the future as party leaders; difference in who governs in the federal government; Chancellor preference for Armin Laschet or Annalena Baerbock, for Armin Laschet or Olaf Scholz, or for Olaf Scholz or Annalena Baerbock; chancellor preference for Armin Laschet, Olaf Scholz or Annalena Baerbock; expected fulfillment of election promises; comparison of chancellor candidates Armin Laschet, Olaf Scholz and Annalena Baerbock in terms of credibility, likeability, expertise and problem-solving skills; TV triell of the chancellor candidates seen; knowledge of the three candidates´ performance in the TV triell; candidate who did best in this TV triell; interest in opinion polls on the Federal Parliament election; influence of opinion polls on own voting decision in the Federal Parliament election; opinion of Olaf Scholz as German Chancellor; assessment of relations between Germany and the U.S.; expected reduction of social conflicts in the U.S. with the new U.S. President Joe Biden; expected future strong influence of Donald Trump on politics and society in the U.S.; opinion of a tightening of the EU´s economic punitive measures against Russia because of the increasing suppression of the opposition; greater blame for military conflicts in the Middle East: Israel or Palestinian Hamas; EU should work to resolve Middle East conflict or stand down; Afghanistan: has Germany done enough to rescue local forces after Taliban takeover; will Germany still be able to bring local forces out in larger numbers; expected higher number of Afghan refugees to Germany due to developments in Afghanistan; military action by West against Taliban in Afghanistan fundamentally correct; understanding of train drivers´ strike; sense of threat from crime; climate change as problem in Germany; evaluation of the commitment of various actors in Germany to climate protection (politics, companies, citizens); expected effective fight against climate change; flood disaster in parts of Germany as a result of climate change; forest fires in various Mediterranean countries as a result of climate change; enough government aid for the victims of the flood disaster; assessment of the commitment to disaster control in Germany; much achieved at the United Nations World Climate Conference; extent of the commitment of Western industrialized countries (G7) against Corona; opinion on the legalization of cannabis; extent of hostility toward Jews in Germany; fair share of living standards; Corona pandemic: Own health risk from Corona virus; Impact of Corona crisis on own financial situation; sufficient measures in Germany to protect against the spread of Corona virus; assessment of the adequacy of financial Corona aid from the German government; estimated frequency of violations of applicable Corona rules; emergency brake should be strictly implemented everywhere; extension of Corona measures until mid-April is correct; reasonable behavior of people in Corona crisis; support for relaxations in Corona measures in general and when infection numbers are significantly higher; preferred range for relaxations; expected third wave due to mutations in Corona virus; expected helpful effect of more Corona rapid tests on Corona crisis; vaccination refusers should pay for Corona rapid tests themselves in future; current relaxations in Corona measures are just right, go too far or do not go far enough; opinion on various Corona measures (closing stores, restaurants, cultural and recreational facilities, and schools, meeting only one other person from another household, 15 km movement radius in regions with particularly high infection rates); federal soccer league only for vaccinated and recovered persons; greatest perceived restriction by Corona measures; desired responsibility for basic rules for Corona control: federal vs. states; assessment of federal and state work on Corona crisis; assessment of federal government work on Corona crisis; assessment of federal state work on Corona crisis; extent of personal perceived burden of Corona crisis; advocacy of nighttime curfews for all cities and counties with seven-day incidence greater than 100; Advocacy for school closures in all cities and counties with a seven-day incidence of more than 200; Germany will come through the pandemic well; Christmas markets in Germany should generally be canceled this winter; opinion on border closures between European Union countries to contain the Corona virus; assessment of the EU´s work on the Corona crisis; assessment of the vaccination campaign against the Corona virus in Germany; vaccination status: Vaccinated against Corona virus; vaccination readiness against Corona; expected vaccination of all willing vaccinees in Germany by end of summer; expected normal life as of end of summer; opinion on maintaining or removing vaccination prioritization; opinion on removing testing requirement for vaccinated; opinion on lifting further restrictions on vaccinated and recovered; opinion on financial incentives for vaccination; Federal government should use pressure to increase vaccination readiness; advocacy for mandatory vaccination for health care workers and school and day care workers; attitude towards a general vaccination requirement; expectation of many vaccinations during vaccination action week; expected similar burden on hospitals in a fourth wave as in previous waves; expected decrease in infection numbers due to current measures against the fourth wave; attitude towards a 2G rule applicable throughout Germany; attitude towards a 3G rule in the workplace; personally more cautious due to increasing corona case numbers; preference for regionally different measures depending on the respective corona situation vs. same measures across Germany; evaluation of the new Infection Protection Act; intended summer vacation destination; expected increase in infection numbers this winter; expected functioning of schools after opening after summer vacation; attitude towards opening schools; opinion on preferential vaccination of teachers; attitude towards mandatory masks when shopping; attitude towards mandatory masks in public transport; opinion on stronger controls for compliance with Corona protection measures; importance of gendered language in the media; attitude towards gendered language in the media when writing and speaking; expected performance of the German team in the European soccer championship; left-right self-ranking; ranking of the parties CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke, and Grüne on a left-right continuum; personal review of the past year 2021; outlook for the coming year 2022. Demography: sex; age (categorised); school leaving certificate or desired school leaving certificate; completed studies or vocational training; occupation; own job at risk; occupational group; household size; number of persons in the household 18 years and older; trade union member in the household; denomination; frequency of church attendance; party affiliation and party identification. Additionally coded: respondent ID; version; survey month; survey week; federal state; survey area; city size; sample frame (landline or mobile phone sample); weighting factors: representative weight, total weight.Die Politbarometer werden seit 1977 etwa monatlich von der Forschungsgruppe Wahlen für das Zweite Deutsche Fernsehen (ZDF) durchgeführt. Seit 1990 steht diese Datenbasis auch für die neuen Bundesländer zur Verfügung. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen die Meinungen und Einstellungen der wahlberechtigten Bevölkerung in der Bundesrepublik zu aktuellen politischen Themen, Parteien und Politikern sowie dem Wahlverhalten. 1990 bis 1995 und ab 1999 wurden die Politbarometer-Umfragen in den neuen und alten Bundesländern getrennt durchgeführt (Politbarometer Ost bzw. Politbarometer West). Die monatlichen Einzelumfragen eines Jahres werden in einen kumulierten Datensatz integriert, der alle Erhebungen eines Jahres und alle Variablen des jeweiligen Jahrganges umfasst. Ab 2003 sind die Politbarometer-Kurzbefragungen, die unterschiedlich häufig im Jahr erhoben werden, in die Jahreskumulation integriert.Die folgenden Themen sind im Gesamtdatensatz insgesamt enthalten. Teilweise wurden sie zu jeden Erhebungszeitpunkt gefragt, teilweise jedoch nur zu einem oder zu mehreren Erhebungszeitpunkten. Wichtigste politische Probleme in Deutschland; Wahlbeteiligungsabsicht bei der nächsten Bundestagswahl und Parteipräferenz (Sonntagsfrage, Erststimme, Zweitstimme); Stimmabgabe im Wahllokal oder per Briefwahl; Sicherheit der Wahlentscheidung; vorstellbar folgende Parteien zu wählen: CDU/CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, die Linke, die Grünen und die Freien Wähler; Interesse an der Bundestagswahl; Wahlverhalten bei der letzten Bundestagswahl; andere Wahlentscheidung bei der Bundestagswahl 2021 mit vorheriger Kenntnis des Wahlausgangs; Zufriedenheit mit dem Wahlergebnis der Bundestagswahl, Koalitionspräferenz; Beurteilung einer Großen Koalition aus CDU/CSU und SPD unter Führung der CDU bzw. einer Großen Koalition unter Führung der SPD; Beurteilung einer Koalition aus CDU/CSU und Grünen unter Führung der CDU bzw. unter Führung der Grünen; Beurteilung einer Koalition aus Grünen, SPD und Die Linke, aus SPD, Grünen und Die Linke, aus Grünen, SPD und FDP, aus SPD, Grünen und FDP, aus CDU/CSU und AfD, aus CDU/CSU, Grünen und FDP sowie aus CDU/CSU, SPD und FDP; Präferenz für eine von der CDU/CSU geführte Bundesregierung oder eine von den Grünen geführte Bundesregierung; Bundesregierung aus SPD, Grünen und FDP könnte einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Lösung der Probleme in Deutschland leisten; erwartete gute Zusammenarbeit der neuen Bundesregierung aus CDU/CSU, Grünen und FDP; Sympathie-Skalometer für die Parteien CDU, CSU, SPD, AfD, FDP, Die Linke und Grüne; Zufriedenheits-Skalometer für die Bundesregierung aus CDU/CSU und SPD sowie für die jeweiligen Regierungsparteien; Rangplatz der Parteien, die am besten gefallen; wichtigste Politiker in Deutschland; Sympathie-Skalometer für ausgewählte Spitzenpolitiker (Peter Altmaier, Annalena Baerbock, Robert Habeck, Lars Klingbeil, Winfried Kretschmann, Armin Laschet, Karl Lauterbach, Christian Lindner, Heiko Maas, Angela Merkel, Friedrich Merz, Olaf Scholz, Manuela Schwesig, Horst Seehofer, Markus Söder, Jens Spahn, Frank-Walter Steinmeier und Sarah Wagenknecht); Politikinteresse; Meinung zum zukünftigen traditionell-konservativen politischen Kurs der CDU; stärkere traditionell-konservative Ausrichtung für die CDU eher hilfreich oder eher schädlich; Meinung zu den neuen Ministerinnen und Ministern: Erwartung guter Arbeit von Bundeskanzler Scholz, von Gesundheitsminister Karl Lauterbach, von Außenministerin Annalena Baerbock und von Finanzminister Christian Lindner; Beurteilung der derzeitigen wirtschaftlichen Lage im Land; geeignetste Partei zur Lösung der wirtschaftlichen Probleme im Land; Beurteilung der derzeitigen persönlichen wirtschaftlichen Lage und erwartete wirtschaftliche Situation im kommenden Jahr; erwartete Aufwärtsentwicklung in Deutschland (Konjunkturerwartung); kompetenteste Partei zur Schaffung von Arbeitsplätzen, in den Bereichen Coronapolitik, Sozialpolitik, soziale Gerechtigkeit, Sicherung der Renten, Klimaschutz sowie Flüchtlings- und Asylpolitik; Einschätzung der AfD als Gefahr für die Demokratie; Befürwortung einer Beobachtung der gesamten AfD durch den Verfassungsschutz; Vertrauen in die Regierungsfähigkeit der Grünen; Wahlsieger der Bundestagswahl 2021 steht schon fest; erwarteter Wahlsieger der Bundestagswahl; Bundestagswahl 2021 im Vergleich zu den letzten Bundestagswahlen besonders wichtig; wichtiger, welche Parteien nach der Bundestagswahl zusammen die Regierung bilden oder wer Bundeskanzler bzw. Bundeskanzlerin wird; Bereitschaft der SPD zu einer Regierungsbildung mit Grünen und Linke; Einstellung zu einer Regierung aus SPD, Grünen und Linke; SPD sollte vor der Bundestagswahl ausschließen, eine Regierung mit Beteiligung der Linken zu bilden vs. sollte sich nicht festlegen; präferierte Koalitionspartner der SPD nach der Bundestagwahl und vermutete Wunschkoalition der SPD (Regierung mit den Grünen und der Linken oder Regierung mit den Grünen und der FDP); präferierte Koalitionspartner der FDP nach der Bundestagswahl und vermutete Wunschkoalition der FDP (Regierung mit CDU/CSU und den Grünen oder Regierung mit der SPD und den Grünen); präferierte Koalitionspartner der Grünen nach der Bundestagswahl und vermutete Wunschkoalition der Grünen (Regierung mit der CDU/CSU und der FDP, mit der SPD und der FDP oder mit der SPD und der Linken); Präferenz für eine Regierung aus SPD, Grünen und FDP oder aus CDU/CSU, Grünen und FDP; erwartete Regierung; erwartete Ampelkoalition aus SPD, Grünen und FDP; Wichtigkeit der Themen Klimaschutz, Coronapolitik, Asylpolitik und soziale Gerechtigkeit für die eigene Wahlentscheidung; erwartete gute Zusammenarbeit von SPD, Grünen und FDP bei den Koalitionsverhandlungen; erwartetes Durchsetzen der jeweiligen Ziele von SPD, Grünen und FDP bei den Koalitionsverhandlungen; erwartete Einigung von SPD, Grünen und FDP auf einen Koalitionsvertrag noch vor Weihnachten; Ziele der Ampelkoalition ohne weitere Schulden finanzierbar; steigende Energiepreise ein persönliches Problem; Befürwortung eines staatlichen Zuschusses für Bürgerinnen und Bürger mit geringem Einkommen wegen der hohen Energiepreise; Europäische Union: eher Vorteile vs. Nachteile für die deutsche Bevölkerung durch die EU-Mitgliedschaft; Wunsch nach engerer Zusammenarbeit der EU-Mitgliedsstaaten vs. mehr Eigenständigkeit; Rechtsstaatlichkeit als Voraussetzung für EU-Mittel; Einstellung zu zusätzlichen Staatsschulden angesichts der aktuellen politischen und wirtschaftlichen Aufgaben; Einstellung zu einer stärkeren Besteuerung ho
Eurobarometer 90.4 (2018)
No full textSince the early 1970s the European Commission´s Standard & Special Eurobarometer are regularly monitoring the public opinion in the European Union member countries. Principal investigators are the Directorate-General Communication and on occasion other departments of the European Commission or the European Parliament. Over time, candidate and accession countries were included in the Standard Eurobarometer Series. Selected questions or modules may not have been surveyed in each sample. Please consult the basic questionnaire for more information on country filter instructions or other questionnaire routing filters. In this study the following modules are included: 1. Attitudes of Europeans towards biodiversity, 2. Public perception of illicit tobacco trade, 3. Awareness and perceptions of EU customs, 4. Perceptions of antisemitism.Topics: 1. Attitudes of Europeans towards biodiversity: awareness of the term ‘biodiversity‘; most important reasons to halt the loss of biodiversity: moral obligation, significance of biodiversity for well-being and health, importance for the production of goods, importance for the long-term economic development, indispensable to tackle climate change; most important threats to biodiversity; prioritized EU measures to protect biodiversity; awareness of the Natura 2000 network; most important roles of nature protection areas; attitude towards prioritization of nature protection areas over economic development. 2. Public perception of illicit tobacco trade: smoking status; frequency of smoking traditional cigarettes; offers to buy or smoke black market cigarettes; place of offer; price reduction of black market cigarettes compared to legal cigarettes (in percent); self-rated ability to distinguish black market package from legal package; main reasons for smoking black market cigarettes; most important sources of revenue for organized crime; main problems of the black market in cigarettes. 3. Awareness and perceptions of EU customs: enumeration of activities of EU customs authorities; knowledge test on EU customs: controls passports at borders, also acts on behalf of other government agencies at EU borders, checks goods crossing borders between EU member states, obligation to pay customs duties on goods from outside the EU only once when imported into the EU; self-rated knowledge on selected aspects regarding the EU Customs Union and the activities of EU customs; prioritized activities of EU customs. 4. Perceptions of antisemitism: friendship or acquaintance with: people of different ethnic origin, Jews, Muslims, Christians, people of other religions; personal belonging to one of the following minorities: ethnic, religious, sexual, disabled, other, none; religious affiliation; assessment of antisemitism as a problem in the own country; assessment of the development of antisemitism in the own country over the last five years; assessment of the following situations as a serious problem in the own country: antisemitic graffiti or vandalism of Jewish buildings or institutions, physical attacks against Jewish people, expressions of hostility towards Jewish people in the street, antisemitism in the media, antisemitism in political life, antisemitism on the internet, antisemitism in schools and universities, Holocaust denial, desecration of Jewish cemeteries; assessment of the informedness of the people in the own country about Jewish culture; extent of the impact of Middle East conflicts on the perception of Jewish people in the own country; knowledge test on existing laws in the own country with regard to: incitement to violence or hatred against Jewish people, denial of the Holocaust; assessment of the extent of school teaching on the Holocaust in the own country as appropriate. Demography: age; nationality; left-right self-placement; marital status; sex; age at end of education; occupation; professional position; type of community; household composition and household size; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone; possession of durable goods (entertainment electronics, internet connection, possession of a car, a flat/a house have finished paying for or still paying for); financial difficulties during the last year; internet use (at home, at work, at school); self-reported belonging to the working class, the middle class or the upper class of society; life satisfaction; frequency of discussions about political matters on national, European, and local level; own voice counts in the own country and in the EU; general direction things are going in the own country, in the EU, and in the USA; opinion leadership; EU image. Additionally coded was: respondent ID; country; date of interview; time of the beginning of the interview; duration of the interview; number of persons present during the interview; respondent cooperation; size of locality; region; language of the interview; nation group; weighting factor.Seit den frühen 1970er Jahren beobachten die Standard & Spezial Eurobarometer der Europäischen Kommission regelmäßig die öffentliche Meinung in den Mitgliedsländern der Europäischen Union. Primärforscher sind die Generaldirektion Kommunikation und bei Spezialthemen weitere Direktionen sowie das Europäische Parlament. Im Laufe der Zeit wurden Kandidaten- und Beitrittsländer in die Standard Eurobarometer-Reihe aufgenommen. Ausgewählte Fragen oder Module können in einigen Samples nicht erhoben worden sein. Bitte ziehen Sie für weitere Informationen bezüglich Länderfilter oder anderer Filterführungen den Basisfragebogen heran. In dieser Studie sind folgende Module vorhanden: 1. Einstellungen von Europäern zur Artenvielfalt, 2. Öffentliche Wahrnehmung illegalen Tabakhandels, 3. Bekanntheit und Wahrnehmung der EU-Zollbehörden, 4. Wahrnehmung zu Antisemitismus.Themen: 1. Einstellungen von Europäern zur Artenvielfalt: Kenntnis des Begriffs ‘Artenvielfalt‘; wichtigste Gründe, den Verlust der Artenvielfalt aufzuhalten: moralische Verpflichtung, Bedeutung der Artenvielfalt für Wohlbefinden und Gesundheit, Bedeutung für die Herstellung von Gütern, Bedeutung für die langfristige wirtschaftliche Entwicklung, Bedeutung für den Kampf gegen den Klimawandel; wichtigste Ursachen der Bedrohung der Artenvielfalt; vorrangige Maßnahmen zum Schutz der Artenvielfalt in der EU; Kenntnis des Netzwerks Natura 2000; Bedeutung einzelner Funktionen von Naturschutzgebieten; Einstellung zum Vorrang von Naturschutzgebieten vor der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung. 2. Öffentliche Wahrnehmung illegalen Tabakhandels: Raucherstatus; Häufigkeit des Rauchens herkömmlicher Zigaretten; Angebote zum Kauf oder Rauchen von Schwarzmarktzigaretten; Ort des Angebots; Preisnachlass von Schwarzmarktzigaretten im Vergleich zu legalen Zigaretten (in Prozent); Selbsteinschätzung der Fähigkeit, eine Schachtel Schwarzmarktzigaretten von einer Schachtel legaler Zigaretten zu unterscheiden; wichtigste Einkommensquelle der organisierten Kriminalität; Hauptprobleme des Schwarzmarkthandels mit Zigaretten. 3. Bekanntheit und Wahrnehmung der EU-Zollbehörden: Nennung von Aktivitäten der EU-Zollbehörden; Kenntnistest zu den EU-Zollbehörden: Durchführung von Passkontrollen an den Grenzen, Ausführung zusätzlicher Aktivitäten im Auftrag anderer Regierungsbehörden an den EU-Grenzen, Durchführung von Warenkontrollen an den Grenzen zwischen den EU-Mitgliedstaaten, Erhebung von Zöllen auf Waren von außerhalb der EU nur bei Einfuhr in die EU; Selbsteinschätzung der Informiertheit über ausgewählte Aspekte in Bezug auf die EU-Zollunion und die Tätigkeiten der EU-Zollbehörden; wichtigste Aktivitäten der EU-Zollbehörden. 4. Wahrnehmung zu Antisemitismus: Freunde oder Bekannte mit den folgenden Merkmalen: andere ethnische Herkunft, jüdisch, muslimisch, christlich, andere Religion; persönliche Zugehörigkeit zu den folgenden Minderheiten: ethnisch, religiös, sexuell, behindert, andere, keine; Religionszugehörigkeit; Bewertung von Antisemitismus als Problem im eigenen Land; Bewertung der Entwicklung des Antisemitismus im eigenen Land in den vergangenen fünf Jahren; Einschätzung der folgenden Situationen als ernstes Problem im eigenen Land: antisemitische Graffiti oder Vandalismus an jüdischen Gebäuden oder Einrichtungen, körperliche Angriffe gegen Juden, feindselige Äußerungen gegenüber Juden auf der Straße, Antisemitismus in den Medien, Antisemitismus im politischen Leben, Antisemitismus im Internet, Antisemitismus in Schulen und Universitäten, Holocaustverleugnung, Schändung jüdischer Friedhöfe; Einschätzung der Informiertheit der Menschen im eigenen Land über die jüdische Kultur; Ausmaß des Einflusses von Konflikten im Nahen Osten auf die Wahrnehmung von Juden im eigenen Land; Wissenstest zu bestehenden Gesetzen im eigenen Land bezüglich: Anstiftung zu Gewalt oder Hass gegen Juden, Verleugnung des Holocaust; Bewertung des Umfangs des Schulunterrichts im eigenen Land zum Holocaust als angemessen. Demographie: Alter; Staatsangehörigkeit; Links-Rechts-Selbsteinstufung; Familienstand; Geschlecht; Alter bei Beendigung der Ausbildung; Beruf; berufliche Stellung; Urbanisierungsgrad; Haushaltszusammensetzung und Haushaltsgröße; Besitz eines Mobiltelefons; Festnetztelefon im Haushalt; Besitz langlebiger Wirtschaftsgüter (Unterhaltungselektronik, Internet-Anschluss, Autobesitz, abbezahltes bzw. noch abzuzahlendes Wohnungs- bzw. Hauseigentum); finanzielle Schwierigkeiten im letzten Jahr; Internetnutzung (zu Hause, am Arbeitsplatz, in der Schule etc.); Selbsteinstufung zur Arbeiterklasse, Mittelklasse oder der höheren Klasse der Gesellschaft; Lebenszufriedenheit; Häufigkeit von Diskussionen über nationale, europäische und lokale politische Angelegenheiten; eigene Stimme zählt im eigenen Land und in der EU (politischer Einfluss); allgemeine Richtung der Dinge im eigenen Land, in der EU und in den USA; Meinungsführerschaft; Image der EU. Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: Befragten-ID; Land; Interviewdatum; Interviewdauer (Interviewbeginn und Interviewende); anwesende Personen während des Interviews; Kooperationsbereitschaft des Befragten; Ortsgröße; Region; Interviewsprache; Nationengruppe; Gewichtungsfaktor
Politbarometer 1977-2023 (Partial Cumulation)
No full textThe Politbarometer has been conducted since 1977 on an almost monthly basis by the Forschungsgruppe Wahlen on behalf of the Second German Television (ZDF). Since 1990, this database has also been available for the new German states. The survey focuses on the opinions and attitudes of the voting-age population in the Federal Republic on current political issues, parties, politicians, and voting behavior. From 1990 to 1995 and from 1999 onward, the Politbarometer surveys were conducted separately both in the newly formed eastern and in the western German states (Politbarometer East and Politbarometer West). The separate monthly surveys of a year are integrated into a cumulative data set that includes all surveys of a year and all variables of the respective year. Starting in 2003, the Politbarometer short surveys, collected with varying frequency throughout the year, are integrated into the annual cumulation. This partial accumulation contains 80 selected variables from the 1977 to 2018 annual cumulated data sets that were collected more than once.Cumulated data set comprising 74 selected time series from the Politbarometer surveys 1977 to 2023. 1. Topics: Voting intent and party preference (Sunday question); behavior at the polls in the last Federal Parliament election; sympathy scale for the parties; satisfaction with the achievement of the Federal Government and the achievements of the opposition parties; satisfaction with democracy; the right politicians in leading positions; interest in politics of respondent; self-assessment on a left-right continuum; judgement on the economic situation in the Federal Republic and assumed further development; ability of the government or opposition to secure jobs, improve the economic situation and improve environmental protection; attitude to reunification of the two German nations; attitude to the right to asylum in Germany; evaluation of various views on the topic abortion; most important problems in the Federal Republic; eligiousness; union membership. 2. Demography: denomination; frequency of church visits; sex; age; marital status; cohabitation with a partner; education; completed vocational training; university degree; educational aspiration level; occupation; occupational group; size of household; head of household; own job hazard; party affiliation; party identification; trade union member in the household; federal state; city size. 3. Archive variables and Paradata: study number, version, digital object identifier (DOI), respondent ID, survey ID, month and year of survey, split questionnaire version, design weight, representative weight.Die Politbarometer werden seit 1977 etwa monatlich von der Forschungsgruppe Wahlen für das Zweite Deutsche Fernsehen (ZDF) durchgeführt. Seit 1990 steht diese Datenbasis auch für die neuen Bundesländer zur Verfügung. Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen die Meinungen und Einstellungen der wahlberechtigten Bevölkerung in der Bundesrepublik zu aktuellen politischen Themen, Parteien und Politikern sowie dem Wahlverhalten. 1990 bis 1995 und ab 1999 wurden die Politbarometer-Umfragen in den neuen und alten Bundesländern getrennt durchgeführt (Politbarometer Ost bzw. Politbarometer West). Die monatlichen Einzelumfragen eines Jahres werden in einen kumulierten Datensatz integriert, der alle Erhebungen eines Jahres und alle Variablen des jeweiligen Jahrganges umfasst. Ab 2003 sind die Politbarometer-Kurzbefragungen, die unterschiedlich häufig im Jahr erhoben werden, in die Jahreskumulation integriert. Die vorliegende partielle Kumulation enthält 80 ausgewählte Variablen aus den Jahreskumulationen von 1977 bis 2018, die mehr als einmal erhoben wurden.Kumulierter Datensatz mit 74 ausgewählten Zeitreihen aus den Politbarometern der Jahre 1977 bis 2023. 1. Themen: Wahlbeteiligungsabsicht und Parteipräferenz (Sonntagsfrage); Wahlverhalten bei der letzten Bundestagswahl; Sympathie-Skalometer für die Parteien; Zufriedenheits-Skalometer für die Leistungen der Bundesregierung und der Oppositionsparteien; Demokratiezufriedenheit; richtige Politiker in den führenden Positionen; Politikinteresse des Befragten; Selbsteinschätzung auf einem Links-Rechts-Kontinuum; Beurteilung der wirtschaftlichen Lage in der Bundesrepublik und vermutete weitere Entwicklung; eigene wirtschaftliche Situation und erwartete weitere Entwicklung; Kompetenz der Regierung oder der Opposition zur Sicherung von Arbeitsplätzen, zur Verbesserung der wirtschaftlichen Lage und zur Verbesserung des Umweltschutzes; Beurteilung der Wiedervereinigung der beiden deutschen Staaten; Beurteilung des Ausländeranteils; Einstellung zum Asylrecht in Deutschland; Bewertung verschiedener Auffassungen zum Thema Abtreibung; Einstellung zur Kernkraft; kompetenteste Partei in Fragen der Rentensicherung; empfundene Bedrohung durch Kriminalität; Vorteilhaftigkeit der (EG-) EU-Mitgliedschaft für Deutschland; Zufriedenheit mit dem Zustand der Gesellschaft; Vergleich der Gesellschaft mit anderen westeuropäischen Ländern; Einstellung zu einer vermehrten Übernahme weltpolitischer Verantwortung durch das vereinten Deutschland; perzipierte Unterstützung des Parteivorstands der CDU und der SPD durch die Parteimitglieder; empfundene militärische Bedrohung; Friedenssicherheit; Jahresrückblick auf das politische Geschehen; persönlicher Jahresausblick. 2. Demographie: Konfession; Kirchgangshäufigkeit; Geschlecht; Alter; Familienstand; Zusammenleben mit einem Partner; Schulbildung; abgeschlossene Berufsausbildung; Hochschulabschluss; Bildungsaspirationsniveau; Berufstätigkeit; Berufsgruppe; Haushaltsgröße; Haushaltsvorstand; eigene Arbeitsplatzgefährdung; Parteineigung; Parteiidentifikation; Gewerkschaftsmitglied im Haushalt; Bundesland; Ortsgröße. 3. Archivvariablen und Paradaten: Studiennummer, Versionierung, Digital Object Identifier (DOI), Identifikationsnummer der befragten Person, Identifikationsnummer der Erhebung, Erhebungsmonat und -jahr, Fragebogenversion, Designgewicht, Anpassungsgewicht