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Molecular Profiling in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Single-Center Study on Prevalence and Prognosis
No full textThe aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of molecular profiling in patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This single-center study included patients diagnosed and treated between July 2020 and April 2024. The molecular profiles of patients detected by either next-generation sequencing or conventional methods were reviewed retrospectively. Survival analyses were conducted based on the targetable alterations and treatments received. Seventy patients were included, with a median age of 65 years and a median overall survival (OS) of 13 months. Of all patients, 56 (80%) had at least one molecular alteration, and the most frequent alteration was TP53 (52.9%), followed by KRAS (20%) and EGFR (8.6%). Eighteen patients (25.7%) had an alteration amenable to targeted therapy. Patients who could reach a matched targeted therapy at any treatment line exhibited a longer median OS compared to those who could not (not reached vs. 6.9 months, p = 0.042). Patients with a targetable alteration for first-line treatment demonstrated a longer progression-free survival compared to those without a targetable alteration (not reached vs. 4.9 months, p = 0.006). According to current guidelines, conducting molecular testing to identify all potential targetable alterations in NSCLC is the cornerstone of the treatment decision process. The survival analysis in this study emphasized the impact of the use of targeted therapies on the survival outcomes
Pursuit for Scale Selection: The Journey to Finding the Right Scale
No full textThe aim of this study is to develop a checklist to guide researchers in selecting scales that have already been developed or adapted. For this purpose, scale development and adaptation steps were prepared based on the relevant literature, and the weights of these steps were defined. The prepared steps and their respective weights were sent to 10 academics holding doctoral degrees in the field of measurement and evaluation in education. The academics were asked to provide feedback on the steps and assign weights they deemed appropriate. Based on the feedback received, adjustments were made, and the weights of the scale development and adaptation steps were finalized. A criterion was then established by considering the total score obtainable based on the weights of the steps. Using the proposed criterion, a reference point was provided to assist researchers in determining whether to select a given developed or adapted scale. In this respect, the study is expected to make significant contributions by serving as a guide for researchers in the selection of developed and adapted scales
Giant-cell rich osteosarcoma: A report of 3 cases depicting a diagnostic challenge requiring serious attention
No full textGiant cell-rich osteosarcoma (GCRO) is a rare variant of osteosarcoma with unusual radiological and histopathological features that make its diagnosis challenging. The most critical and unusual feature of GCRO is that it has a purely osteolytic appearance. Therefore, GCRO cases are frequently subject to delayed diagnosis or incorrect treatment owing to misdiagnosis. This negatively affects the prognosis of these patients. In this study, 3 young adult cases are presented. The first case describes a young female patient who underwent repeated curettages due to a misdiagnosis of a giant-cell bone tumor, and the second case describes a delay in diagnosis in a young male patient who was misdiagnosed with an aneurysmal bone cyst. The final case report describes a young woman who was diagnosed early, treated promptly, and had a good prognosis. One of the poor prognosis cases in this report was treated with amputation, and the other was alive with multiple metastases. Misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis leads to a poor prognosis in such cases. To make a diagnosis, it is necessary to have knowledge and to be suspicious of the radiological features of this rare variant. Giant cell-rich osteosarcoma should be among the differential diagnosis options when dealing with pure metaphysiodiaphyseal osteolytic bone lesions in young adults. To avoid misdiagnosis or delay, it is necessary to have knowledge and to be suspicious of this rare variant
Assessing Dexmedetomidin's Efficacy in Traumatic Brain Injury Treatment Using a Rat Experimental Model
No full textAIM: To elucidate the effects of nasal and intraperitoneal dexmedetomidine (DexN and DexP, respectively) administration in an animal model, and to explore the underlying action mechanisms on the treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). MATERIAL and METHODS: A total of 31 Wistar albino rats served as a weight-drop model to induce experimental TBI. The two treatment groups received DexN and DexP on the day of the trauma and then after 5 days. The Garcia test was performed for the neurological evaluation along with histopathological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS: The rats in the treatment group displayed better neurological outcomes, as evidenced by a higher Garcia test score (p<0.001). DexP group presented with increased anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in comparison to DexN (p<0.001). DexN group demonstrated a reduction in the neuron specific enolase (NSE) levels (p=0.023), indicating that it inhibited the neuronal destruction. CONCLUSION: The present study support the hypothesis that a psychoactive drug, Dex, which has been conventionally used for sleep disorders and is also known for its cognitive-enhancing properties, may have beneficial effects after TBI owing to its antiinflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective properties.Turkish Neurosurgical SocietyPreparation for publication of this article is partly supported by Turkish Neurosurgical Society. The authors would like to thank Enago ( www.enago.com ) for the English language review. The authors are grateful for the staff of Ankara Research and Training Hospital Experimental Animal Laboratory
Reading the city and rediscovering it through social networks
No full textGünümüzde yaşanan teknolojik gelişmeler ile kablosuz ağlar yaygınlaşmış, mobil cihazlar ve yeni medya kullanımı artmış, yaşamın ayrılmaz bir parçası olmuştur. Toplumsal yapının bu süreciyle birlikte örgütlenme tarzı yeniden şekillenmiş ve ağlar ile birbirine bağlanan kurum ve bireyler ağ toplumunu oluşturmuştur. Yeni toplumsal yapı düzeni, kablosuz ağ teknolojisi ve yeni medya ile mekân algısında farklılaşmalar yaşanmış, fiziksel mekânsal tanımlamaların dışına çıkılmıştır. Yeni mekânsal tanımlamalar olan siber, sanal, artırılmış ve hibrit mekân kavramları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu noktada fiziksel mekânsal deneyimleme biçimine ek olarak yeni mekânsal deneyimler yaşanmaya başlamıştır. Mimarlığı anlamak için öncelikle toplumsal yapıyı, mekânı ve kenti anlamak gereklidir. Ağ toplumu teknolojileri olan yaygın bilişim ve yeni medya ile üretilen yeni mekânsal tanımlamalar yardımıyla kentsel alanlarda her an çevrimiçi olmak mümkün kılınmıştır. Medya, tüketim ürünü olmaktan çıkıp bir üretim ortamına dönüşmüştür. Kullanıcılar medya üzerinden paylaşım ve etkileşimde bulunurken zaman ve yer kavramı değişmiş, her an her yerde bulunmak mümkün hale gelmiştir. Kentsel alanlar fiziksel varlığını sürdürürken bir yandan da yeni mekânsal tanımlar, konum tabanlı servisler ve sosyal ağlar üzerinden paylaşılan verilere bağlı olarak fiziksel kent ortamı, deneyimleri ve günlük yaşam pratiklerinde dönüşüm yaşanmış, fiziksel ortamla dijital alan iç içe geçmiştir. Çalışmanın ana tartışma konusunu oluşturan kentsel ve mekânsal deneyimleri kent kullanıcıları ve kent gezginleri üzerinden okumak mümkündür. Günümüz toplum yapısı içerisinde sosyal ağlar, artırılmış gerçeklik uygulamaları, oyunlar gibi farklı yöntemlerle kentsel deneyimin gerçekleştirilmesi mümkün hale gelmiştir. Yaşanan bu dönüşüm sürecinin anlaşılabilmesi adına ağ toplumu kavramı açıklanmış, ağ toplumuna bağlı olarak gelişen teknolojiler detaylandırılmıştır. Mekânsal tanımlamalardaki değişimler açıklanacak ve kentsel alanlara dahil olan teknolojik altyapı ile kent mekânının birlikteliği yorumlanmıştır. Gezginlerin gerçekleştirdiği kentsel ve mekânsal deneyimler açıklanıp detaylandırılmıştır. Kent deneyiminin literatürdeki yeri incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın veri toplama aşamasına fiziksel olarak dahil olunarak kenti deneyimleme yöntemleri ve günümüzün teknolojik değişimleri ile gelişen sanal deneyimleme yöntemleri arasında ne gibi farklılıklar oluştuğu ve bu farklılıkların avantaj ve dezavantajları açıklanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda teknoloji, kent ve kullanıcı arasındaki bağ ortaya konarak, "mobil cihazlar ve sosyal ağlar ile kenti keşfetmek ve tanımak ne kadar mümkün?" sorusuna cevap aranmıştır. Bu yeni deneyimleme yöntemlerinin olumlu ve olumsuz yönleri sorgulanmıştır. Teknolojide yaşanan gelişim ile günlük yaşam pratikleri arasındaki ilişkinin kentsel alanlardaki karşılığı ve kişinin kentle kurduğu ilişki araştırılmıştır.With the technologica
ASCORBYL PALMITATE ENHANCES ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE EFFECT OF TRASTUZUMAB IN HER2-POSITIVE BREAST CANCER CELLS
No full textBackground. Breast cancer (BC) accounts for about 30% of cancers in women, with a mortality rate of around 15%. HER2- positive BC, an aggressive subtype, represents 15—20% of all BC cases. High-dose vitamin C has shown antitumor effects by increasing reactive oxygen species in cancer cells without signifi ant toxicity. Aim. This study aimed to explore an in vitro dual treatment using ascorbyl palmitate (AP), a lipophilic vitamin C derivative, and trastuzumab, an HER2 receptor blocker. Materials and Methods. HER2-positive SK-BR-3 BC cells were treated with AP, trastuzumab, or their combination. The cell survival MTT assay, apoptosis, and cell cycle phase analysis were conducted using flow cytometry, while mRNA and protein expression were assessed using RT-qPCR and Western blot methods. Ki-67 expression was evaluated by immunofluorescence assay. Results. AP reduced cell viability in a timeand dose-dependent manner, and its combination with trastuzumab further decreased cell viability. A cytometric analysis showed enhanced apoptosis after combination treatment. mRNA analysis revealed upregulated TP53 mRNA expression, along with upregulation of BAX, CYCS, CASP3, and CASP8 gene expression, while the BCL-2 and BCL2L1 genes were downregulated, further supporting the induction of apoptosis. The antiproliferative effectiveness of the combination therapy was demonstrated by a Western blot assay, which showed suppression of phospho-P38, ERK1/2, and PI3K protein synthesis. Conclusion. These results underscore the potential effects of combining AP and trastuzumab in BC treatment, guiding future therapeutic strategies. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Textlinguistische Perspektive zu der medizinischen Textsorte „Arztbrief“ in einem berufsbezogenen DaF-Lehrwerk
No full textEine gesunde Kommunikation zwischen Ärzten und Patienten ist von entscheidender Bedeutung für eine korrekte Diagnosestellung, die Planung der Behandlung und den erfolgreichen Verlauf eines effektiven Therapieprozesses. Die zunehmende Multikulturalität im Gesundheitssektor sowie der intensive Gebrauch der Fachsprache stellen wichtige Faktoren dar, die im Hinblick auf die Vermeidung von Missverständnissen und die Gewährleistung der Patientensicherheit berücksichtigt werden müssen. In diesem Zusammenhang gewinnt die Untersuchung klarer und effektiver Text- und Kommunikationskompetenzen in DaF-Lehrwerken, die speziell für medizinische Berufe entwickelt wurden, zunehmend an Relevanz. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht Kohäsions- und Kohärenzmechanismen in medizinischen Textsorten und stützt sich dabei auf die textlinguistischen Ansätze nach Brinker u.a. (2014). Als Beispiel dient ein Arztbrief als typische Textsorte der medizinischen Fachkommunikation, entnommen dem Lehrwerk „Menschen im Beruf – Medizin B2–C1“, das für medizinische Berufe auf dem GER-Niveau B2–C1 konzipiert wurde. Im Zentrum der Analyse stehen explizite und implizite Wiederaufnahmestrukturen – insbesondere anaphorische und kataphorische Verweise – als kohäsive Mittel, die grafisch aufbereitet wurden, um deren Einfluss auf die Kohäsion und Kohärenz der Texte differenziert darzustellen. Die Ergebnisse der Studie zeigen, dass Wiederaufnahmestrukturen entscheidend für die Kohärenz und Kohäsion medizinischer Textsorten sind. Sie fördern die schriftlichen und mündlichen Kommunikationskompetenzen und helfen den Lernenden, ihre Beiträge sinnvoll in Gespräche einzufügen – was besonders in der internen und externen Kommunikation, etwa in Fachdialogen oder Anamnesegesprächen, von Bedeutung ist. Ein weiteres Ergebnis ist, dass Fachwissen – insbesondere in medizinischer Terminologie und Hintergrundwissen – unerlässlich ist, um Texte und Dialoge effektiv zu entschlüsseln. Daher sollten berufsbezogene DaF-Lehrwerke gezielt Übungen zur Wiederaufnahme und zum Umgang mit fachspezifischem Vokabular integrieren, um die Kommunikationsfähigkeit der Lernenden zu fördern
Perceived Control and Career Decision-Making Self- Efficacy as Predictors of Career Optimism among University Students
No full textA career is a field linked to optimism, a significant concept today. Considering the role of career optimism in career development, it is essential to be aware of the factors that may influence the level of optimism crucial to career development. In this direction, the aim of the study is to examine the role of perceived control and career decision-making self-efficacy, which can be seen as antecedents and examined for their role in predicting career optimism. Additionally, the study investigated whether the Kahramanmaraş-based earthquake, which occurred in Türkiye on February 6, 2023, differentiated the level of career optimism among university students. The sample for the study consisted of 457 undergraduate students studying in Türkiye. The study utilized a relational model, using the Sense of Control Scale, Career Decision Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form (CDSES-SF), Career Optimism Scale for University Students, and a personal information form as data collection tools. The data were collected between November 2023 and February 2024. Data analysis involved an independent sample t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and regression analysis. The findings of the research showed that experiencing the earthquake did not differentiate the level of career optimism, that significant relationships existed between all variables, and that perceived control and career decision-making self-efficacy together accounted for 55% of the total variance in career optimism. The results were discussed in the context of the relevant literature, and recommendations were provided for researchers
Investigation of the expression of miRNAs with biomarker potential in newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia patients
No full textAkut Miyeloid Lösemi (AML), olgunlaşmamış miyeloid hücrelerin anormal çoğalmasıyla tanımlanır. MiRNA'lar, gen ekspresyonunu düzenler ve düzensizliklerinin AML gelişimine katkı sağladığı öne sürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada miR-216a-5p, miR-223-3p ve miR-490-3p'nin yeni tanı almış AML hastalarındaki ekspresyonları araştırılmıştır. Çalışmamızda miRNA'ların ekspresyonları yeni tanı almış 26 AML hastası ve 26 sağlıklı kontrolde RT PCR ile belirlenmiştir. Hastaların kemik iliği ve periferik kan örneği ile çalışılmış, sağlıklı kontrollerden kemik iliği alınması etik olmadığı için sadece periferik kan örneğindeki ekspresyonları incelenmiştir. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 61,88±15,24; sağlıklı kontrollerin 50,12±7,08dir. Sonuçlar 2 ? ??Ct yöntemi ile hesaplanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için Mann-Whitney U Testi ve Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Testi kullanılmıştır. P değeri <0,05'ten küçük olduğunda anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. AML hastalarının kemik iliği ve periferik kan örneğindeki ekspresyon değerleri karşılaştırıldığında miR-216a-5p (p=0,016) ve miR-223-3p' (p=0,006) de anlamlı bir fark bulunmasından dolayı kemik iliği örneklerinin sağlıklı kontrol grubunun periferik kan örnekleri ile karşılaştırılması yapılmamıştır. MiR-490-3p'nin kemik iliği ve periferik kan örneğinin ekspresyonları (p=0,551) arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığı için sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılması yapılmıştır. MiR-490-3p'nin kemik iliği (p= 0,0002) ve periferik kan (p=0,01) örneğindeki ekspresyonu anlamlı olarak sağlıklı kontrollere göre daha yüksektir. AML grubunun periferik kan örneklerinde miR-216a-5p ifadesi sağlıklı kontrol örneklerine göre anlamlı olarak düşüktür (p<0,0001). MiR-223-3p ifadesi için AML periferik kan ve sağlıklı kontrol arasındaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı değildir. (p=0,534) MiR-216a-5p ve miR-490-3p'nin AML'deki fonksiyonları tam olarak bilinmemektedir. AML hastalarında miR-216a-5p'nin neden daha düşük ifade edildiği, miR-490-3p'nin ise ekspresyonunun artışına neden olan sebepler araştırılmalıdır.Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is characterize