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Synthesis, Molecular Docking, DFT, ADMET, and Antimicrobial Activity Studies of New 2-Substituted-5-(methyl/ethylsulfonyl)benzoxazole Derivatives
No full textIn this study, synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of 30 original 5-methyl/ethylsulfonyl-2-(4-(4-substituted piperazine/piperidine)acetamido)phenylbenzoxazole derivatives were investigated. The structures of the final compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectroscopy. Then, all the newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities against S. aureus ATCC 29213, E. faecalis ATCC 29212, E. coli ATCC 25922, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, C. albicans ATCC 10231, and their drug-resistant isolates by applying MIC analyses using ampicillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin, and fluconazole as standards. Microbiological results showed that N17, N18, N20, N25-N28, and N30-N32 exhibited activity against VREF at 32 mu g/mL, comparable to ampicillin and vancomycin. The interactions of the compounds on the DNA gyrase enzyme were evaluated by molecular docking (PDB: 4KTN). Using DFT/B3LYP theory and the 6-311G(d,p) basis set, HOMO-LUMO orbital energies and other electronic characteristics obtained from these energies and MEP analysis were carried out. These results were then correlated with experimental data. Furthermore, computational prediction was performed to predict the in silico ADMET properties of all compounds
Corporate social responsibility and its developments in Türkiye: Regulations and reporting
No full text[No abstract available
Piperine induces cellular stresses, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity via JNK signaling and has concentration-dependently additive or synergistic effects with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma: an in-vitro study
No full textWe aimed to determine the effects of piperine on cell viability, cellular stresses, and apoptosis first, then the relationship of piperine's effects with the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, and also the interaction of piperine with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2 and Hep3B) and non-cancerous hepatocyte (AML12) cell lines were used. The cell viability was determined by using MTT assay. Cellular stresses, apoptosis, and JNK signaling markers were measured by Western blotting. Cells were pre-treated with SP600125 as a JNK inhibitor. The inhibitory concentration 50% (IC50) values and interaction of piperine with sorafenib were calculated by using CompuSyn software. IC50 values of piperine were 97 mu M for HepG2, 58 mu M for Hep3B, and 184 mu M for AML12 with incubation for 48 h. Piperine caused a significant concentration-dependent increase in cellular stresses, apoptosis, and activated JNK signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Pre-treatment with a JNK inhibitor significantly reduced piperine-induced cellular stresses, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity. Piperine had concentration-dependent additive or synergistic effects when combined with sorafenib in both HepG2 and Hep3B cells. We found that piperine induces cellular stresses, apoptosis, and cytotoxicity via JNK signaling and has concentration-dependently additive or synergistic effects with sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma.Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Unit -Turkey [TUBAP 2019/252]Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Unit -Turkey financially supported this study (TUBAP 2019/252)
COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT EXTRACTION METHODS FOR ANTHOCYANIN RECOVERY FROM RED ONION PEEL: ENZYME-ASSISTED, ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED, AND ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED ENZYMATIC METHODS
No full textIn this study, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), bath and probe type ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE-B, UAE-P), and ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction using bath and probe-type ultrasound (UAEE-B, UAEE-P) were compared to conventional extraction (CE) for recovering anthocyanins from red onion peel. Extracts were analyzed for total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), total monomeric anthocyanin (TMA), antioxidant activities (AA-ABTS, AA-DPPH), individual anthocyanins, and colour parameters. UAEE-B achieved 33.12% higher extraction yield than CE. UAEE-B showed more TPC compared to other methods, while UAEE-B and UAEE-P exhibited statistically significant TFC and TMA content. The extraction methods influenced the concentration of individual anthocyanins in distinct ways. EAE resulted in the highest AA-ABTS, while combined ultrasound- and enzyme-assisted methods showed the greatest efficacy in the AA-DPPH. The colour variation observed was 2.17±0.91 for UAEE-B and 3.48±0.24 for UAEE-P. In conclusion, combining ultrasound- and enzyme-assisted extraction techniques detected to be beneficial for recovering anthocyanins from red onion peel
Effect of Simulated Gastric Acid on Surface Characteristics and Color Stability of Hybrid CAD/CAM Materials
No full textHybrid computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials have gained prominence in restorative dentistry due to their advantageous mechanical and esthetic properties; however, their long-term performance may be adversely affected by acidic oral environments, such as those associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effects of simulated gastric acid exposure on the surface roughness, gloss, color stability, and microhardness of two hybrid CAD/CAM materials: Vita Enamic and Cerasmart. Standardized rectangular specimens (2 mm thickness) were prepared and polished using a clinically relevant intraoral protocol. Baseline measurements were obtained for surface roughness, gloss, color change (?E), and Vickers microhardness. All specimens were then immersed in hydrochloric acid (pH 1.2) for 24 h to simulate prolonged gastric acid exposure, after which the same properties were re-evaluated. Post-immersion analysis revealed significant increases in surface roughness and reductions in gloss and microhardness for both materials (p < 0.05), with Vita Enamic demonstrating greater susceptibility to degradation. Color changes remained below the clinically perceptible threshold, with no significant differences between materials. These findings highlight the potential vulnerability of hybrid CAD/CAM materials to acidic environments and underscore the importance of careful material selection in patients predisposed to acid-related challenges. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Hyponatraemia in the setting of takotsubo syndrome: not just an ordinary stressor!
No full text[Abtsract Not Available
Investigation of the Effectiveness of Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation (taVNS) and Vestibular Rehabilitation in Patients with Unilateral Vestibular Hypofunction
No full textBackground: Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a frequently used neuromodulation method in recent years. While the mechanism of improvement in diseases such as epilepsy, dementia, and depression is being studied, its potential effect on vestibular dysfunction is also being investigated. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of transcutaneous auricular VNS (taVNS) on the vestibular symptoms of unilateral vestibular hypofunction (UVH). Methods: Forty patients diagnosed with UVH were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 received vestibular rehabilitation. Group 2 received taVNS and vestibular rehabilitation. Both groups received treatment one day a week for eight weeks. Before and after the treatment, balance of the participants was assessed with modified-CTSIB (m-CTSIB), limit of stability (LOS), Tandem and One-Leg Stance (OLS) tests; visual acuity was assessed with dynamic visual acuity (DVA), dizziness severity, and fatigue severity with a visual analog scale (VAS); kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK); depression and anxiety was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS); and quality of life was assessed with the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI). Results: At the end of eight weeks, patients in Group 2 showed significantly greater improvement in balance, dizziness, fatigue, kinesiophobia, anxiety, and depression. There was no significant difference in visual acuity and quality of life between the groups. Conclusions: The positive effects of taVNS on vestibular symptoms have been observed. As a new approach, taVNS can be included in the treatment of patients with UVH in addition to vestibular rehabilitation
A deterministic approach to modelling the dynamics of vulnerabilities, cyberattacks, and security hardening using Lotka-Volterra equations
No full textIn the rapidly evolving cybersecurity landscape, comprehending the dynamic interactions among system vulnerabilities, cyberattacks, and security hardening measures is essential for building resilient systems. Cyber-ecosystems exhibit inherent complexity, characterized by nonlinear feedback loops, adaptive adversaries, and evolving defences. This study proposes a deterministic mathematical framework, grounded in the Lotka-Volterra equations, to model these dynamics, conceptualizing vulnerabilities as prey, cyberattacks as predators, and security hardening as a regulatory third species that suppresses both vulnerabilities and attacks. By adapting this ecological model, the study captures the competitive and symbiotic relationships driving cybersecurity environments, incorporating parameters such as vulnerability discovery rates, attack sophistication, and the efficacy of security measures. The Systemic Behavioural Analysis section investigates emergent behaviours, including phase transitions between stable and chaotic states, hysteresis effects in response to parameter changes, and bifurcations that arise from delayed hardening efforts. These qualitative insights are juxtaposed with the quantitative findings from the Deterministic Analysis, which employs Jacobian matrices, eigenvalue stability criteria, and Lyapunov exponents to identify equilibrium points and classify system trajectories. Key regimes-such as the Optimum Ecosystem (balanced coexistence), Extinction Status (collapse of vulnerabilities/attacks), and Enhancement Status (runaway growth of threats)-are rigorously mapped through phase-space curves and validated via Runge-Kutta discretization. A critical contribution of this work lies in reconciling systemic behavioural predictions with deterministic results. For instance, the Systemic Analysis hypothesizes that delayed security interventions could destabilize the system, a claim quantitatively confirmed by Lyapunov stability metrics showing sensitivity to hardening response times. Similarly, phase-space plots corroborate the Systemic Analysis's prediction of oscillatory dynamics under high attack rates. This synergy between qualitative and quantitative methods strengthens the model's predictive power.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
Our results in conservative and surgical treatment of pediatric forearm diaphyseal fractures
No full textBu çalışmada retrospektif olarak, 2016 Ocak ve 2024 Ocak ayları arasında kliniğimize başvuran, pediatrik önkol çift kemik kırığı tanılı hastaların radyolojik ve fonksiyonel sonuçlarının analiz edilmesi amaçlandı. Hastaların epikrizleri, poliklinik takip kartları, bilgisayar kayıtları, preoperatif ve postoperatif takip grafileri arşivden ve hastane grafi arşiv sisteminden temin edildi. 16 yaş altında, önkol çift kemik kırık tanısı almış, travma anından 6 hafta boyunca radyolojik ve klinik takibi, uygun doz ve pozisyonda grafi çekilmiş olan 83 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu çalışmada hastaların demografik veriler analiz edildi. Kırık tipi ve kırık lokalizasyonu, tedavi türü ve kırık lokalizasyonu, kırık tipi ve refraktür, redüksiyon kaybı ve kırık tipi arasındaki ilişki incelendi. Çeşitli radyolojik parametreler ve alçı indeksleri ölçüldü. Bu indeks ve parametrelerin redüksiyon kaybına, nihai tedavi seçimine, açık redüksiyon ihtiyacına etkisi incelendi. Yaş grupları arasında travma açısından anlamlı fark görüldü. Nihai tedaviyi belirleme açısından redüksiyon öncesi radiusun anteroposterior planda açılanması, radius ve ulnadaki translasyon ve süngülenmenin önemli olduğu görüldü. Üç nokta indeksinin nihai tedaviyi ve redüksiyon kaybını öngörmede güçlü bir indeks olduğu belirlendi. Redüksiyon öncesi radiustaki açılanmanın, radiusun lateral planda translasyonunun, ulnanın hem anteroposterior hem de lateral planda translasyonunun, ulnanın süngülenmesinin; redüksiyon sonrası ulnanın lateral plandaki açılanmasının, radiusun ve ulnanın anteroposterior ve lateral planda translasyonunun, radius ve ulnanın süngülenme miktarı ile redüksiyon kaybı arasında bir ilişki olduğu saptandı. Sonuç olarak pediatrik önkol çift kemik kırıklarında redüksiyon kaybını öngörmek konservatif tedaviyi sürdürme açısından, nihai tedaviyi öngörme ise gereksiz manipülasyonlardan kaçınma açısından önemlidir. Bu açıdan üç nokta indeksi en güçlü alçı indeksi olarak görünmektedir. Anahatar Kelimeler: Önkol yaralanmaları, alçı indeksi, kapalı redüksiyonThis study aimed to retrospectively analyze the radio