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Exploring the Role of Sonication Fluid Culture in Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Comparative Study with Conventional Methods
No full textObjective:The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the diagnostic effectiveness of sonication fluid culture (SFC) compared to conventional methods in identifying the causative microorganisms in periprosthetic joint infections.Methods:In this study, three cultures were evaluated for diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection intraoperative periprosthetic tissue culture, implant culture, and SFC. The sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated for each method, using the 2018 definition of periprosthetic hip and knee infection and clinical evaluation as references. Of the 92 patients who had implants removed, 49 were for mechanical reasons and 43 for infection.Results:Positive cultures were obtained in 13 out of 49 patients with mechanical issues and 31 out of 43 with infections. The sensitivity of periprosthetic tissue cultures (53.5%) is slightly higher than SFC (48.8%), suggesting better detection of positive cases. However, SFC's specificity (83.7%) is higher, indicating more accurate identification of negative cases compared to periprosthetic cultures (73.5%). However, SFC identified additional pathogens in patients with negative periprosthetic tissue and implant cultures. Examination of the infected knee and hip prostheses showed that SFC enhanced pathogen detection, particularly in patients with negative implant cultures. Despite this, SFC was not statistically superior to other methods.Conclusion:This study supports the combined use of periprosthetic tissue culture and SFC for identifying causative microorganisms in implant infections. Despite not being statistically superior, SFC provides additional pathogen detection, especially when other methods fail, thereby enhancing overall diagnostic accuracy.Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2018/366]This study was supported by Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. Project Number: 2018/366
1,2,3-triazole-aminobenzoates: Design, Synthesis, In Vitro Antidiabetic and Anti-Alzheimer Activities, Molecular Docking, and ADME Properties
No full textIn the present study, an efficient and convenient synthesis of new 1,2,3-triazole-aminobenzoates (5a-5e and 8a-8e) using CuAAC reactions was reported. The structures of the synthesized compounds were characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and HR-ESI-MS spectroscopic techniques. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their alpha-glucosidase and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities in vitro. The compounds 8e (IC50: 0.30 +/- 0.031 mM), 5a (IC50: 0.46 +/- 0.02 mM), and 8d (IC50: 0.54 +/- 0.016 mM) exhibited the strongest alpha-glucosidase enzyme inhibition potential. Compound 8a (IC50: 0.019 +/- 0.005 mM) and 5b (IC50: 0.19 +/- 0.001 mM) showed the highest potential for inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. Molecular docking studies were performed to gain insight into the binding affinity of the most active derivatives with their targeted enzymes. ADME studies demonstrated that all synthesized compounds exhibit favorable physicochemical characteristics in terms of drug-likeness and can be considered potential drugs.Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [TUBAP 2024/47]; Trakya University Technology Research Development Application and Research Center (TUTAGEM)The author would like to thank the Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (TUBAP 2024/47) for providing financial support for this study. The author acknowledges the Trakya University Technology Research Development Application and Research Center (TUTAGEM) for Q-TOF and FTIR analysis, as well as Marmara University's Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, for enzyme inhibition testing
Investigating the safety of radiotherapy without simulation in patients with bone metastases
No full textPalyatif radyoterapi (RT), ileri evre ve metastatik kanser hastalarında ağrı, dispne, kanama gibi hastalık semptomlarını yönetmek için uygulanan etkin bir tedavi yöntemidir. Uygulanan tüm RT palyatif RT'lerin yaklaşık %35-40'ı kemik metastazlarına yöneliktir. RT planlaması için kliniklerde bulunan simülasyon bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT-sim) kullanılarak hastaların kesitsel görüntüleri üzerinde tedavi planlaması yapılmaktadır. Yaşlı ve düşkün hasta popülasyonunda bu aşama konforsuz olabilmekte ve tedavi başlanmasına kadar geçen süreyi uzatabilmektedir. Bu gibi durumlarda hastaların mevcut olan diyagnostik BT görüntüleri üzerinden yapılan planlama ile tedavi süreci hızlandırılabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kemik metastazlı hastalarda simülasyonsuz RT'nin etkinliğini ve güvenilirliğini araştırmaktır. Bu amaçla kliniğimizde daha önce tedaviye girmiş olan 15 hastanın BT-sim görüntüleri ve BT-sim görüntüleriyle medyan 3 hafta arayla çekilmiş PET-BT görüntüleri kullanıldı. Her bir hasta için L1-L4 vertebra hedef hacmi ve yakınında bulunan risk altındaki organlar (RAO) olan böbrek, spinal kanal, böbrek hilusu ve böbrek damarları yeniden konturlandı. L1-L4 vertebra konturlanarak oluşturulan CTV'ye 5 mm marj verilerek PTV oluşturuldu ve 8 Gy/1 fraksiyon doz-fraksiyonasyon şeması tanımlandı. Her hastaya BT-sim görüntüleri ve PET-BT görüntüleri üzerinde 3B-KRT ve VMAT teknikleri ile planlama yapıldı. Tedavi koşullarını yansıtması amacıyla PET-BT görüntüleri üzerinde yapılıp BT-sim üzerine kopyalanarak üçüncü bir tedavi planı yapıldı. Hem PET-BT hem de kopyalanan planlar üzerinde kontrast madde etkisini değerlendirme amacıyla oluşturulan planlarla beraber her hasta için 10, toplamda 150 adet tedavi planı oluşturuldu. Tedavi planlarında PTVDmax, PTVD95 ve RAO ortalama ve maksimum dozları hesaplanarak 3B-KRT ve VMAT teknikleri için hem kendi içlerinde hem de birbirleriyle istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. Hedef hacim için, PTVD95 değerlendirildiğinde PET-BT üzerinde ve BT-sim üzerinde yapılan planların karşılaştırılması sonucunda anlamlı fark görülmemiştir. PTVDmax dozları içinse hem 3B-KRT hem de VMAT tekniğinde BT-sim üzerine kopyalanan planlarda daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Bu fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olsa da cGy düzeyindedir ve oldukça küçüktür. RAO'ların ortalama ve maksimum dozları değerlendirildiğinde PET-BT üzerinde ve BT-sim üzerinde yapılan planlarda genel olarak anlamlı fark görülmemiştir. Genel anlamda maksimum doz değerleri 3B-KRT planlarında, ortalama doz değerleri ise VMAT planlarında daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Çalışmamızda L1-L4 vertebra ve yakınında bulunan RAO'ların aldığı dozlar detaylı bir şekilde hem 3B-KRT hem de VMAT tekniği ile istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda çalışmamızda elde ettiğimiz bulgular, tedavi planının 3B-KRT veya VMAT tekniklerinden hangisiyle yapılacağına dair kararın hastaya özel olarak verilmesine yardımcı olabilir ve tedavi sırasında BT-sim üzerinde yapılan planlara kıyasla RAO'ların alacağı dozlardaki fark konusunda literatüre katkı sağlayabilir. Çalışmamızın vertebra metastazlarına odaklanmış olması bu bölgeye özel bir optimizasyon sağlamakla beraber bulgularımızın genellenebilirliğini kısıtlayabilir. Sonuç olarak, çalışmamızda elde ettiğimiz bulgular PET-BT'nin tedavi planlamasında kullanılabilirliğini ve güvenilirliğini göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda yaşlı ve düşkün hasta popülasyonunda tedavi planlama sürecini kısaltmada bir yöntem olarak kullanılabilir. Daha büyük hasta popülasyonunda yapılacak olan çalışmalarla bulgularımızın geniş hasta kitlesinde doğrulanabilirliği sağlanabilir.Palliative radiotherapy (RT) is an effe
Wave Propagation in Functionally Graded Nanostrips
No full text2023 International Conference of Computational Methods in Sciences and Engineering, ICCMSE 2023 -- -- Heraklion; Galaxy Heraklion Hotel -- 206326Three-dimensional wave propagation in transversely graded nanobeams which consist of nanostrips have been investigated in the present study. Cylindrical bending governing equations of motion for classical laminated plate theory and Eringen’s nonlocal elasticity theory have been employed to formulate the problem. Exponential variation of material properties in the transverse direction have been assumed. Harmonic wave functions in three dimension have been used. Effects of material grading index and nonlocal parameter to the wave response of functionally graded nanobeam have been investigated. Material grading has increasing and nonlocality has decreasing effects on wave frequencies. Results of the present study could be useful for designing of advanced functional nanocomposites. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
PERCEIVED STRESS AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESILIENCE: THE SERIAL MEDIATION OF COGNITIVE CONTROL AND COGNITIVE FLEXIBILITY
No full textThe present study aims to investigate the mediator role of cognitive control and cognitive flexibility in the relationship between university students’ perceived stress and their psychological resilience during COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 405 university students. The findings showed that perceived stress indirectly via cognitive control and cognitive flexibility effects psychological resilience of university students during pandemic. Cognitive control and cognitive flexibility mediates the relationship. The negative effect of perceived stress on cognitive control and cognitive flexibility caused a decrease in students’ psychological resilience. The cognitive flexibility has a positive effect on university students’ psychological resilience. Interventions and techniques for stress management can support cognitive control and cognitive flexibility of young people under high stress, this may contribute to increasing psychological resilience of them. Implications for intervention are discussed. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Detection of Fractured Endodontic Instruments in Periapical Radiographs: A Comparative Study of YOLOv8 and Mask R-CNN
No full textBackground/Objectives: Accurate localization of fractured endodontic instruments (FEIs) in periapical radiographs (PAs) remains a significant challenge. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of YOLOv8 and Mask R-CNN in detecting FEIs and root canal treatments (RCTs) and compare their diagnostic capabilities with those of experienced endodontists. Methods: A data set of 1050 annotated PAs was used. Mask R-CNN and YOLOv8 models were trained and evaluated for FEI and RCT detection. Metrics including accuracy, intersection over union (IoU), mean average precision at 0.5 IoU (mAP50), and inference time were analyzed. Observer agreement was assessed using inter-class correlation (ICC), and comparisons were made between AI predictions and human annotations. Results: YOLOv8 achieved an accuracy of 97.40%, a mAP50 of 98.9%, and an inference time of 14.6 ms, outperforming Mask R-CNN in speed and mAP50. Mask R-CNN demonstrated an accuracy of 98.21%, a mAP50 of 95%, and an inference time of 88.7 ms, excelling in detailed segmentation tasks. Comparative analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in diagnostic performance between the models and experienced endodontists. Conclusions: Both YOLOv8 and Mask R-CNN demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy and reliability, comparable to experienced endodontists. YOLOv8's rapid detection capabilities make it particularly suitable for real-time clinical applications, while Mask R-CNN excels in precise segmentation. This study establishes a strong foundation for integrating AI into dental diagnostics, offering innovative solutions to improve clinical outcomes. Future research should address data diversity and explore multimodal imaging for enhanced diagnostic capabilities
Understanding of Clinical Trials Among Patients With Cancer and Their Relatives
No full textImportanceClinical trials are vital for advancing cancer treatments and improving patient outcomes. Understanding the factors that influence participants' decision-making is critical for enhancing trial recruitment. ObjectiveTo evaluate the attitudes of patients with cancer and their relatives toward clinical trial participation, identifying key barriers and motivators that affect their willingness to engage in such trials. Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional survey study was conducted between April 2020 and April 2021. Face-to-face questionnaires were administered by physicians across 6 tertiary hospital medical oncology departments in Turkey. Adults with cancer and their relatives were recruited. Data were analyzed from April to December 2021. ExposureParticipants' knowledge, perceptions, and motivations regarding clinical trial participation were assessed through a structured questionnaire. Main Outcomes and MeasuresParticipants' demographic information, their willingness to participate in clinical trials, their perceptions about the clinical trial participation, and the facilitators and barriers to participation. ResultsA total of 978 participants were surveyed, with a median (range) age of 52 (18-82) years; 485 (49.6%) were male and 479 (49.0%) female. Of these, 578 (59.1%) were patients with cancer and 382 (39.1%) family members. Prior clinical trial experience was reported by 174 participants (17.8%), and 428 (43.8%) expressed a willingness to participate in clinical trials. Participants well-informed about clinical trials showed higher willingness (50 of 87 [57.5%] very willing) compared with those with no knowledge (27 of 303 [8.9%] very willing) (chi(2 )= 275.095; P < .001). Greater willingness was observed in participants from less developed cities compared with the most developed cities (88 of 321 [27.4%] vs 94 of 615 [15.3%]; chi(2 )= 21.093; P < .001), in individuals with a high school degree or greater compared with those with less than a high school degree (105 of 489 [21.5%] vs 76 of 452 [16.8%]; chi(2) = 33.311; P < .001), in those with monthly incomes above compared with below the poverty line (81 of 409 [19.8%] vs 100 of 512 [19.5%]; chi(2 ) = 16.145; P = .003), in those without prior cancer treatment compared with those with prior cancer treatment (125 of 591 [21.2%] vs 40 of 289 [13.8%]; chi(2 ) = 13.801; P = .008), and in participants with prior trial experience compared with those without (74 of 166 [44.6%] vs 111 of 786 [14.1%]; chi(2 )= 87.771; P < .001). Participants were motivated by potential personal health benefits (604 [61.8%]) and access to new treatments (522 [53.4%]). The primary concerns included potential adverse effects (555 [56.7%]), feeling like a test subject (284 [29.0%]), and the risk of receiving a placebo (197 [20.1%]). Conclusions and RelevanceIn this survey study of patients with cancer and their relatives, significant gaps in knowledge and persistent concerns about clinical trial safety were highlighted, impacting participation. Addressing these concerns through targeted education and transparent communication is essential for improving participation rates and ensuring more inclusive cancer research
Almanca ve Türkçede ‘Emek’ Temalı Atasözlerinin Karşılıkları Üzerine Çeviribilim Odaklı Bir İnceleme
No full textAtasözleri, deyimlerle birlikte sözcüklerin sözlük anlamlarının dışına çıkarak gruplaştığı ve o dili konuşanların kullanımları ile kalıplaşarak dilin söz varlığına giren ve söyleyeni belli olmayan söz öbekleridir. Dilbilimsel bakış açısının dışında deyimleri de içerisinde alan kalıplaşmış ifadeler, bir toplumun kültürünün, daha özel olarak da değer yargılarının çarpıcı bir biçimde dile getirilişidir. Bu yönü ile atasözleri halkbilimin bir konusu olmakla birlikte, temelinde dili ve iletişimi araştırma konusu yapan başka alanların da eğildiği çalışma alanlarından biridir. Öte yandan atasözlerinin karşılıklarının başka dillerde bulunması, geleneksel açıdan diller ve kültürler arasındaki aktarımı ön gören çeviri ediminde yer yer çevirmenler için bir meydan okumayı temsil etmektedir. Bu nedenle ilgili konu, betimsel açıdan çeviri araştırmalarının üzerine düşünce üretilen sahalarından biri olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın ana odağı, Almanca-Türkçe dil çiftinde ‘emek’ temalı atasözlerinin karşılıklı aktarımıyla ilgili olanakları sorunsallaştırmaktır. Bu amaca ulaşabilmek için Almanca ve Türkçe için seçilen iki internet kaynağında tematik taramalar yapılmış, bulunan atasözleri tematik alt alanlarda kodlanmış ve iki dilde birbirini karşılayabilecek atasözleri gösterilmiştir
Assessment of Pain, Frailty, Fear of Falling, and Kinesiophobia in Older Adults With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
No full textObjectives: To compare older adults without Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) on levels of pain, frailty, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia, and to examine the relationship between these parameters in older adults with Type 2 DM. Methods: The study population included 120 older adults aged 65-88 years (mean: 70.98 +/- 6.53), divided into two groups: 60 with and 60 without Type 2 DM. Pain, frailty, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia were assessed using the Visual Analog Scale, the Edmonton Frail Scale, the Tinetti Fall Efficacy Scale, and the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale. Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of pain severity, frailty, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia (p < .05). A significant association was observed between pain severity, frailty, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia in older adults with Type 2 DM (p < .05). Conclusions: Higher levels of pain, frailty, fear of falling, and kinesiophobia were observed in participants with Type 2 DM compared with those without. The levels of frailty, fear of falling, higher levels of pain, and kinesiophobia were increased in those with Type 2 DM. An increase in fear of falling and kinesiophobia was associated with increased frailty. Furthermore, kinesiophobia was associated with an elevated fear of falling, and that fear of falling was associated with an increased likelihood of kinesiophobia. Implications: Health care professionals, public agencies, and nongovernmental organizations should work together to develop and implement policies, plans, and environmental regulations aimed at increasing physical activity levels and promoting independence in older adults with Type 2 DM
