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Editorial
No full textDear Readers,It gives me great pleasure to announce the third regular issue of 2025. I would like to thank all the authors for their sound research and the editorial board and guest reviewers for the extremely valuable reviews and suggestions for improvement. These contributions together with the support of the community enable us to run our journal and maintain its quality.I would still like to expand our editorial board: If you are a tenured associate professor or above with a good publication record, please apply to join our editorial board. We are also interested in high-quality proposals for special issues on new topics and emerging trends.In this regular issue, I am very pleased to present 5 accepted papers by 19 authors from 6 countries: Algeria, Argentina, Bangladesh, India, United Kingdom, and Vietnam.In the first paper Neha Kumari and Rajeev Kumar from India address improvements of compiler error messages in the context of wildcard-type argument inference in Java programs by additions to the current wildcard-based type inference algorithm to get detailed and valuable error messages. Liliana Favre from Argentina discusses research on a unified formal framework for metamodeling in the context of MDE, which is based on the Nereus metamodeling language and includes transformers for translating MOF metamodels to Nereus metamodels and Nereus metamodels to MOF metamodels. In their joint work between researchers from Vietnam and the UK, Phan Minh Nhat, Ngo Le Huy Hien, Dinh Minh Toan, Le Viet Hung, Phan Binh, Phung Thi Anh, Nguyen Thi Hoang Phuong, and Nguyen Van Hieu introduce their research on detecting concentrations by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIR) in cattle and poultry fertilizers by a synthesized machine learning model named EBAR (Error Based Accumulation Regression) combined with a backward elimination technique designed to identify crucial wavelength ranges for monitoring component concentrations. In another collaborative research between Algeria and India, Maroua Benleulmi, Ibtissem Gasmi, Nabiha Azizi, and Nilanjan Dey present an overview of deep learning-based recommender systems, explore their application to enhance performance, and discuss their limitations. Last but not least, Mahir Shadid, Mushfiqus Salehin Afnan, Rashed Mustafa, and M. Jamshed Alam Patwary from Bangladesh highlight their research on a multimodal fusion algorithm for non-intrusive anxiety detection based on TI-Fusion, a multimodal fusion technique that integrates text and image data for a unified reliable outcome and overcomes the limitations of other existing methods. Enjoy Reading!Best regards, Christian Gütl, Managing Editor-in-ChiefGraz University of Technology, Graz, Austri
A Formal Framework for Metamodeling in the Context of MDE
No full textMetamodeling is a central concept in Model Driven Engineering (MDE). An important consideration in metamodeling is that secure metamodels are a prerequisite for secure software, since errors in a metamodel lead to errors in its instances (models). Formal methods can help solve this problem by providing systematic and rigorous techniques for reducing ambiguities and inconsistencies in the specification of metamodels. The goal of this article is to present a unified formal framework for metamodeling in the context of MDE, essentially based on MOF, the metamodeling foundation of the OMG industry standards. It is based on the Nereus metamodeling language and includes transformers for translating both MOF metamodels to Nereus metamodels and Nereus metamodels to MOF metamodels, with some prospects for future industrial use of these results. The Nereus language can be seen as a concrete syntax for MOF, extended by additional properties expressed by axioms. Transformers are defined starting from systems of transformation rules that allow automation of processes. An original real-world case in the context of model-driven reverse engineering is described.
The relationship between daylight hours and suicides seasonality in Russia
No full textResearchers from various countries across the globe have found suicidal behaviour to exhibit seasonality. In Russia and other countries located in the northern hemisphere it is observed that the number of suicides spikes during the spring to summer period and drops in winter. Researching the seasonal fluctuations of suicide mortality will allow us to better understand this phenomenon and, consequently, to develop effective measures of suicide prophylaxis, which help prevent future suicide cases.In this article we research whether the seasonality of suicide levels in Russian countries is related to the daylight hours in different months. To achieve this, seasonality indices for suicides and daylight hours have been constructed for 8 Russian cities located across different latitudes. For these indices Pearson’s correlation coefficient has been computed. Granger causality test has been performed for the Russian suicide mortality data obtained for the years from 2000 to 2021. The authors have also attempted to estimate the real number of suicides by including some other causes of death, which were classified as events of undetermined intent.The results of the study show significant high positive correlation between the seasonality indices of suicides and daylight hours (ranging between 0.74 and 0.9 depending on the city) as well as the presence of Granger causality for all researched cities when using 2 and 3 lags, which might imply a potential influence of the daylight hours on the suicidal behaviour in Russia.This research contributes to academic literature on the seasonal patterns in suicides and their potential causes
PNSS: An online plant name service system
No full textBiodiversity plays a vital role in human survival and development. Consequently, the protection of biodiversity has become a global concern. Biological names serve as biological identifiers and the use of correct biological names helps promote biodiversity conservation research. At present, there are numerous taxonomic databases and software tools available worldwide for processing plant names. However, these resources are scattered across various database websites or personal computers. Users must invest a significant amount of time collecting these resources and expend substantial effort to learn, use and maintain them, consequently leading to high user learning and usage costs. Here, we propose a solution to address the above problem. We collected mainstream and freely available taxonomic datasets from around the world, integrated them into an extensive taxonomic dataset and subsequently mapped the data in this summary database to Solr search engine. Then, based on these taxonomic datasets, we designed database, algorithms and system, developed the system and finally established an online plant name service system (PNSS). The PNSS not only integrates the mainstream taxonomic datasets, but also offers free plant name retrieval, matching, search, parsing and application programming interface (API) services to help biologists conduct more effective research on biodiversity conservation
An attempt of DNA barcodes based geographical origin authentication of the Chinese caterpillar fungus, Ophiocordyceps sinensis
No full textOphiocordyceps sinensis is one of the best-known traditional Chinese medicines with distribution confined to the Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding regions. Harvesting the fungus contributes greatly to the livelihood of local communities. The quality and price varies amongst different production regions, usually resulting in an intentional mix-up of its production locality during trading processes, which leads to a demand of developing a reliable way that can trace the geographical origin of this fungus. In the present study, a DNA barcoding-based method applying two universal DNA barcodes for identifying fungal and insect, respectively i.e. the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI), was evaluated and used for geographical origin authentication of O. sinensis. A total of 24 ITS and 78 COI haplotypes were recognised from 215 individuals collected from 75 different geographic localities (county level). Ninety-nine haplotypes were defined using the combination of ITS and COI, discriminating the 75 investigated production counties into 99 distinct regions. A “core” production region was recognised which covers areas of Nagqu and Qamdo in Xizang, Yushu and Guoluo in Qinghai, Gannan (Maqu and Xiahe) in Gansu and certain regions in Nyingch (Bomi and Zayü) and Lhasa (Damxung) in Xizang and Garzê (Sêrxü) in Sichuan Province. Haplotype analyses using the combined barcodes of ITS and COI showed an excellent performance in the geographical origin authentication of O. sinensis and the definition of “core” and “non-core” production region
Taxonomic revalidation of Selenobrachys Schmidt, 1999 and Chilocosmia Schmidt & von Wirth, 1992 based on morphological and molecular analyses (Araneae, Theraphosidae), with the description of a new species from Romblon Island, Philippines
No full textSelenobrachys Schmidt, 1999 and Chilocosmia Schmidt & von Wirth, 1992 were considered junior synonyms to Orphnaecus Simon, 1892 without further morphological investigation nor the use of molecular methods of analysis. Herein, the type specimens are reexamined with newly collected samples of currently known Orphnaecus species, including new specimens from Romblon Island, Philippines. Morphological and molecular analyses were performed, utilizing cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and ribosomal genes (12S–tRNA-Val–16S). Synapomorphies in the structure of maxillary lyra, spermathecae, and male palpal morphology were observed in O. philippinus and the Romblon specimen which are distinct from other Orphnaecus species. In addition, lyrate morphology, setae structure on the patella of palp dorsal, and the male palpal organ morphology of O. dichromatus differ from other Orphnaecus species. Cladistic separation observed in molecular phylogenetic analyses supports morphological observations. Our findings suggest that the genus Selenobrachys is distinct from Orphnaecus; hence, the genus Selenobrachys Schmidt, 1999, stat. rev. and its type species Selenobrachys philippinus Schmidt, 1999, comb. rest., are restored and the new species from Romblon Island, Selenobrachys ustromsupasius sp. nov., be identified as the second Selenobrachys species. Furthermore, the genus Chilocosmia Schmidt & von Wirth, 1992, stat. rev. and the original combination of its type species, Chilocosmia dichromata Schmidt & von Wirth, 1992, comb. rest. are restored. Male specimens of S. philippinus and C. dichromata were described for the first time. Insights on the biogeography of Philippine tarantulas are discussed
Southernmost record of Liparis montagui (Donovan, 1804) (Perciformes, Liparidae) in European waters (central Portugal), with genetic validation
No full textIn January 2022, the presence of adult Liparis montagui (Donovan, 1804) was documented at its southernmost point along the west coast of Portugal. The species was identified through both morphological and genetic barcoding analyses. This observation, part of an ongoing long-term coastal survey, suggests that L. montagui may be a transient species, influenced by complex climate and oceanic interactions along the western Iberian coast. This finding stresses the importance of long-term ecological studies and regular field surveys in understanding species distribution and the effects of climate change on marine biodiversity
Revision of the genus Labidolanguria Fowler, 1908 (Coleoptera, Erotylidae, Languriinae), with descriptions of a new species and two new combinations
No full textThe oriental genus Labidolanguria Fowler, 1908, previously remained unknown in China, is revised in this study. A new species, Labidolanguria liangi Huang, sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Xizang Autonomous Region. Two new combinations are proposed: Labidolanguria apicata (Zia, 1959), comb. nov., and L. sauteri (Fowler, 1913), comb. nov. This genus now comprises four recognized species in Asian, and a key is provided for their identification. The relationship of the genus Labidolanguria to closely related genera is discussed
ERGA-BGE genome of Pinctada radiata (Leach, 1814): one of the first Lessepsian migrants
No full textPinctada radiata, commonly known as the Gulf pearl oyster, is a species of pearl oyster found primarily in the warm waters of the Red Sea, the Persian Gulf, and parts of the Indian Ocean. Pinctada radiata contributes to marine ecosystems by filtering water, which helps maintain water quality and supports other marine life. This species is the first bivalve Lessepsian migrant, having migrated from the Red Sea to the Mediterranean Sea via the Suez Canal. The reference genome of Pinctada radiata could help identify genes enabling adaptation to varying temperatures and salinities, facilitating survival in diverse and newly colonized habitats allowing comparisons with other bivalves to uncover shared and unique genetic adaptations. Additionally, the genome could support targeted management practices and conservation initiatives, such as habitat restoration and selective breeding, ensuring the long-term sustainability of P. radiata. The entirety of the genome sequence was assembled into 14 contiguous chromosomal pseudomolecules. This chromosome-level assembly encompasses 0.93 Gb, composed of 220 contigs and 44 scaffolds, with contig and scaffold N50 values of 8.1 Mb and 63.8 Mb, respectively
The impact of herbal incense on improving stress and memory impairment induced by repeated social defeat stress model in female mice
No full textNowadays, stress is becoming increasingly common, especially among those who experience violence and face an increased risk of developing mood disorders. As the need to find effective treatments for anxiety and depression is increasing, the use of herbal medicine is receiving more attention due to its perceived safety and therapeutic benefits. In this study, a social defeat model was developed using female mice to evaluate the anxiety-reducing and memory-improving effects of herbal incense containing agarwood (Aquilaria crassna), cinnamon (Cinnamomum cassia), and star anise (Illicium verum). A socially defeated state was induced on female mice by 10-day exposure to aggressive male mice. Female mice were then treated with herbal incense for 10 days. The treatment groups showed improved time spent in the interaction zone (social interaction test) and open arms (elevated plus maze test) as well as a percentage of novel object recognition, yet a decrease in immobility time (forced swim test). Additionally, treated mice showed reduced plasma corticosterone. These results indicated that herbal incense showed protective effects against stress and memory reduction. This study suggests that herbal incense containing agarwood, cinnamon, and star anise may offer an effective way to treat anxiety-related disorders. Further research is needed to pinpoint the active compounds and understand the mechanisms behind these therapeutic effects