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Length–weight relationships of eleven demersal ray and shark species (Elasmobranchii) from the southern Gulf of Mexico
No full textThe length–weight relationships (LWR) of eleven demersal elasmobranch species captured in the southern Gulf of Mexico were estimated and assessed to provide previously absent somatometric conversion factors. A total of 8852 specimens representing eight families and eleven species caught as bycatch in the Mexican shrimp trawl fishery were analyzed. The following species were covered: Hypanus americanus (Hildebrand et Schroeder, 1928); Gymnura lessae Yokota et Carvalho, 2017; Narcine bancroftii (Griffith et Smith, 1834); Dipturus olseni (Bigelow et Schroeder, 1951); Rostroraja texana (Chandler, 1921); Pseudobatos lentiginosus (Garman, 1880); Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill, 1815); Sphyrna tiburo (Linnaeus, 1758); Squatina dumeril Lesueur, 1818; Mustelus canis (Mitchill, 1815); Mustelus norrisi Springer, 1939. The values of the allometric growth parameter b ranged from 2.5 to 3.2, consistent with the expected range. The somatometric growth exhibited negative allometry in fifteen estimations, isometry in six, and positive allometry in two. The LWR differed by sex in five of the six species examined under this criterion, with females consistently exhibiting greater size and weight than males. This study provides the first published LWR for Narcine bancroftii, Dipturus olseni, Rostroraja texana, and Pseudobatos lentiginosus, along with novel LWR estimates for Hypanus americanus, Gymnura lessae, Rhinoptera bonasus, Squatina dumeril, and Mustelus canis in the Gulf of Mexico. It also presents new maximum lengths for R. texana and P. lentiginosus
Socioeconomic Inequality in Health Care Use Among Elderly Russians
No full textData from international studies indicate the existence of socio-economic inequalities in the use of health services by the population, which vary depending on the country, type of service and membership in a particular socio-demographic group. However, the problem of socio-economic differences in healthcare in Russia, especially for older people, has not received due attention. At the same time, population ageing is a serious problem in many countries, including Russia. The increase in the proportion of elderly people leads to an increase in those in need of medical care, so ensuring the availability of medical services for this population group is becoming increasingly important. The aim of the study is to assess socioeconomic inequalities in the use of health services among older Russians. The information base of the study is the data of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Standards of the Population (CSLS), conducted in 2022, on the basis of which multivariate logistic regression models were built. The study found socioeconomic inequalities in the use of health care by older patients. Compared with individuals in the highest quintile of household per capita income, individuals in lower quintiles have lower odds of using outpatient and inpatient services. Older adults with lower levels of education are less likely to use outpatient and inpatient care, and employed older adults are less likely to use all types of services compared to those who are not employed. The analysis concluded that it is important to create a more equitable healthcare system, where every person, regardless of age and socioeconomic status, can receive the medical care they need
Long-term monitoring programs reveal the impacts of weather and climate change on the functional diversity of birds on islands
No full textClimate change is altering biodiversity, but the relative importance of short-term weather changes and long-term climate trends remains unclear, particularly regarding their impacts on functional diversity. In this study, we compare trends in species and functional diversity from two complementary long-term bird monitoring programs in the Wadden Sea. One program focuses on breeding birds in spring and summer, while the other focuses on waterbirds and waders throughout the year. We combined abundances from each standardised bird observation dataset with ecomorphological traits to analyse the spatio-temporal variation of functional diversity across six East Frisian Wadden Sea islands over 25 years. While species diversity increased over time in both datasets, functional diversity declined, suggesting progressive functional homogenisation despite taxonomic gains. Functional diversity dynamics of breeding birds was more strongly associated with short-term weather fluctuations, whereas long-term climate trends had a stronger influence on the functional diversity patterns of waterbirds and waders. Our results demonstrate that long-term climate change and short-term weather dynamics impact different aspects of biodiversity depending on the species' life history and the monitoring design. We show that functional metrics may reveal ecological restructuring processes that cannot be detected by species counts alone. We emphasise the importance of trait-based biodiversity monitoring approaches and suggest that functionally explicit indicators can provide valuable insights into the resilience and vulnerability of ecosystems in the context of climate change
Association of Bcl-2 expression with prognostic indicators in breast cancer
No full textBackground : The Bcl-2 protein is a member of the bcl family of proteins, which play a key role in the cell apoptosis process. Its tumorigenic potential has been established long ago in animal experimental models, and was subsequently supported by the finding of its overexpression in a variety of human tumours. Bcl-2 has been suggested as a prognostic marker for the neoplastic diseases; new evidence keeps arising providing further support to this finding. Aim : This study investigated the association of Bcl-2 expression with prognostically important clinicopathological features in breast carcinoma in the Greek population. Methodology : Immunohistochemical assessment of Bcl-2 was conducted in a case series of 100 surgically resected primary breast carcinomas from November 2022 to July 2023 and the association of Bcl-2 with the grade of histological differentiation and Lymph nodes pN was statistically investigated. Results : The histological grade profile of the studied samples was: Grade III (24%), Grade II (62%), Grade I (14%). High (score 3+) Bcl-2 expression was found in 65% of cases, moderate (score 2+) expression in 12%, low (score 1+) in 4%, while negative expression was shown in 19% of the samples. A statistically significant inverse association between Bcl-2 expression and the grade of histological differentiation was detected (Phi=-0.850, p =< 0.0001). Bcl-2 expression was also inversely associated with Lymph nodes pN stage ( p =0.001). Conclusion : The observed association of immunohistochemical Bcl-2 expression with clinicopathological characteristics which are known prognositc indicators for breast cancer (grade and pN stage) provides confirmatory evidence to the potential important prognostic value of this marker in breast cancer. Future investigations should incorporate Bcl-2 expression in multivariate prediction models to weigh its value in the clinical management of breast cancer
Two new species of Diaporthe (Diaporthaceae, Diaporthales) from Actinidia chinensis in Guizhou Province, China
No full textDiaporthe spp. are well known to be plant pathogens, endophytes, or saprophytes on a wide range of economically significant crops, ornamental plants, and forest trees. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the diversity of Diaporthe species, which cause kiwifruit soft rot in Guizhou Province. Five strains of fungi were isolated from kiwifruit infected with soft rot in Guizhou province. These strains were identified using morphological and multilocus sequences analysis of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), calmodulin (cal), histone H3 (his3), translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and β-tubulin (tub2). The results confirmed two new species – D. shuichengensis sp. nov. and D. liupanshuiensis sp. nov. This study identifies two new soft-rot pathogens of kiwifruit and provides a reference for future disease-management studies
A taxonomic revision of the genus Alexeter Förster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Ctenopelmatinae, Mesoleiini) from Taiwan, with descriptions of six new species
No full textThe genus Alexeter Förster, 1869 is first recorded from Taiwan. One previously described species, A. shakojiensis Uchida, 1930, is newly recorded from Taiwan. Six new species, A. flavomaculatus sp. nov., A. hsiaoae sp. nov., A. mediolobus sp. nov., A. monticola sp. nov., A. pseudozangicus sp. nov., and A. rufispeculus sp. nov., are described and can be distinguished from their congeners primarily based on color pattern, mandibular teeth, propodeal carinae, fore wing length and venation, ocellar and first metasomal tergite measurements, and flagellomere counts. Illustrations of the male genitalia and a diagnostic key to the Taiwanese Alexeter species are provided. DNA-based species delimitations are provided as supporting evidence for four new species. In a COI-based phylogeny sampling 31 operative taxonomic units of Alexeter and similar genera, the genus Alexeter was not resolved as a monophyletic group. Additionally, the COI barcode showed limitations in distinguishing some Alexeter morphospecies, indicating the need for further evaluation of COI-based species delimitation in this genus
The phylogeny and taxonomy of Violella (Tephromelataceae, lichenized Ascomycota), including a new species from China
No full textViolella yunnanensis C. J. Zhong & L. Hu is described as new to science. It is characterized by its esorediate, areolate to weakly warted thallus, hymenium heavily pigmented with Fucatus-violet pigment, brownish inner ascospore walls, and its chemistry (atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid). In addition, we collected specimens of Mycoblastus sinensis Kantvilas and Violella wangii T. Sprib. & Goffinet from the holotype localities. Mycoblastus sinensis is transferred to the genus Violella based on its morphology, chemistry and phylogeny, and it is proposed as Violella sinensis (Kantvilas) C. J. Zhong & L. Hu. The morphological descriptions, pictures and molecular phylogenetic analyses of the species are provided, along with a key to the Violella species known from world
Phenotypic plasticity in life-history characteristics of the invasive redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii) in Shuikou Reservoir, Minjiang River, China
No full textIn recent decades, the redbelly tilapia (Coptodon zillii) has become one of the most serious invasive alien fish species worldwide. The successful invasion of this fish may largely depend on the plasticity of its life-history traits. In order to explore the life-history traits of the invasive population of C. zillii, we chose Shuikou Reservoir of Minjiang River, China, as a typical invasive habitat, and 1,041 specimens were collected monthly from March 2023 to February 2024. Life-history traits were systematically investigated. The results showed that the entire population consists of individuals from age 1 to age 6, with the highest percentage (95.10%) of younger individuals at 1–2 years old. The sex ratio of males to females was 1.05:1. The equation of the length-weight relationship was W = 0.048*L2.938, and the parameters of von Bertalanffy growth equation were L∞= 32.937 cm, W∞= 1381.010 g, k = 0.131, and t0 = -2.056. The breeding season ranged from March to November, and the minimum sexually mature standard lengths of females and males were 8.7 and 9.0 cm, respectively. Mean absolute fecundity was 3854.38±254.43 eggs, while mean relative fecundity to standard length and body weight were 301.95±16.94 eggs/cm and 60.44±3.56 eggs/g, respectively. These results indicated that the population of C. zillii in Shuikou Reservoir presented characteristics such as a high proportion of young individuals, low growth rate, long spawning season, high fecundity, and smaller size at first maturity compared with the native and other invasive populations. Both opportunistic and equilibrium life-history strategies might have contributed to their successful invasion, and there is a potential risk of further population expansion
Two new species of the genus Acrolepiopsis Gaedike, 1970 (Lepidoptera, Glyphipterigidae) from Korea
No full textThe family Glyphipterigidae comprises small-sized moths with a wingspan ranging from 8 to 14 mm. This family is mainly distributed in the Palaearctic and Oriental Regions. In Korea, five species of the genus Acrolepiopsis Gaedike, 1970 have been recorded. However, species-level identification within this genus is often challenging due to high morphological similarity amongst species.In this study, two new species of the genus Acrolepiopsis, A. quinquelobatae sp. nov. and A. koreana sp. nov., are described from Korea. Species delimitation is supported by COI gene analysis and morphological characteristics of genitalia, both of which reveal clear genetic divergence from other Acrolepiopsis species previously recorded in Korea. Photographs of adults and genitalia, along with information on host plants, are also provided
Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy in case of thrombocytopenia: a case report
No full textIntroduction: This case report analyzes the clinical symptoms, comorbidity factors, surgical approach, and postoperative outcomes of a patient with hepatic flexure cancer at UMHATEM “N. I. Pirogov” EAD. Case presentation: Clinical data for a 65-year-old woman with a colonic neoplasm, operated on in the Department of General, Visceral, and Emergency Surgery at UMHATEM “N. I. Pirogov” EAD on 30 January 2024, were analyzed. Comorbidity factors were idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (PLT 77,000) and Hashimoto’s disease. Surgery was performed after 5 days of preparatory therapy with platelet concentrate and methylprednisolone, resulting in PLT 89,000. Operative time was 189 min; blood loss was 70 mL. There were no intraoperative complications. Conclusion: Laparoscopic right hemicolectomy offers significant advantages, being both safe and effective. This approach yields favorable initial outcomes, including a reduced incidence of complications. Furthermore, it accords with essential oncologic tenets while maintaining comparable surgical durations