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Enhancing Product Image Classification: Utilizing Machine Learning Models for Retail Applications
Get PDFThe expansion of e-commerce has continued at a blinding pace since the COVID-19 pandemic, and retailers are constantly looking for new ways to retain customers. Ensuring that diverse and well-classified images are on product pages has been a paramount method for retailers to ensure retention as they increase product engagement and sales and enhance user experience. Managing and labeling these vast catalogs of images by hand is becoming increasingly infeasible, so some online retailers have started to turn to automated classification models to assist them. Accuracy in these classification models is integral, as a good image classification model can improve search functionality and give retailers more accurate data on what types of products are on their site. In this study, we investigate the performance of various deep convolutional neural networks, specifically ResNet-50, EfficientNet-B0, and EfficientNet-B2, when it comes to classifying images in a hierarchical system designed for Walmart’s product catalog. To reduce training time and resource consumption, we utilized versions of these models that had been pre-trained on ImageNet and split classification models into parent and child modules. Our best-performing model was EfficientNet B2, which had an adaptive learning rate and achieved 91.83% top-1 accuracy on the parent labels and 88.57% accuracy on a 12-label child model. Performance was generally consistent with related literature, but some categories, particularly those dependent on specific product angles or the presence of text, underperformed in precision, recall, and F1 scores. This suggests that refining business definitions for image classification by reducing vagueness could improve model effectiveness. While our final results fell short of our initial 95% accuracy goal for both models, they showed significant potential for future scalable deployment. With further refinement, these models may support automated image classification pipelines and assist decision-making in forming e-commerce guidelines for product image consistency and labeling for Walmart
Investigation of Neurophysiological Changes in Hypothalamic Hormone Synthesis and Brain Matter Alterations During Stages of Anorexia Nervosa Recovery
No full textAnorexia Nervosa (AN) is a severe eating disorder that causes various physiological consequences such as endocrine disruptions and neurobiological alterations. Current data is inconclusive whether these issues resolve after weight is restored. The purpose of this study is to use PCR testing and MRI analysis to investigate alterations in hypothalamic hormone synthesis and brain matter volume during simulated AN and following weight recovery with the use of an animal model.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/coesym25/1006/thumbnail.jp
Effect of Fiber and Stimbiotic on Growth Performance and the Gut Microbiome in Pigs Challenged with F18 Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
No full textColibacillosis, a bacterial infection caused by pathogenic Escherichia coli, is the leading cause of postweaning diarrhea (PWD) in food-producing pigs. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of dietary fiber sources and a stimbiotic (a feed additive that enhances fiber fermentability by stimulating fiber-degrading microbiota in the gut) on the sustainability of an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) challenge, specifically regarding the F18 strain. A total of 216 piglets were blocked (n = 8) by weaning BW and randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments, including corn-SBM-wheat middling-based control diet (CC), high-fiber diet (HF: 5.0, 3.8, and 2.5% sugar beet pulp and 4.0, 3.0 and 2.0% soy hulls for phases 1, 2, and 3, respectively), CC plus 0.01% stimbiotic (CS: Signis, ABVista, Marlborough, United Kingdom), and HF plus 0.01% stimbiotic (FS). Pigs were fed a four-phase feeding regimen: Phase 1 (d0-9), Phase 2 (d9-16), Phase 3 (d16-22), and Phase 4 (d22-41). Dietary treatments were provided from weaning (d0) to d22, and a common diet was fed from d22 to trial completion. On day 5 of postweaning, all pigs were orally inoculated with 10 mL of F18 ETEC (108 CFU/mL). One median BW pig from each pen was selected for fecal sampling on days 0, 2, and 7 postchallenge. Samples were used to quantify the live E. coli using a 3M Petrifilm E. coli/Coliform Count Plate (3M Food Safety, St. Paul, MN), and the virulence genes of the isolate were identified using multiplex PCR. Colony-forming-count was log-transformed. The data on quantitative traits were analyzed using a MIXED procedure in SAS, and binary data were analyzed using the Frequency procedure in SAS (Cary, NC). Total E. coli counts did not differ between treatments. Out of 466 colonies selected, the majority (84.12%) lacked the virulence genes tested. In comparison, colonies expressing the F18 gene (n = 53) also exhibited the heatlabile (LTb) toxin and heat-stable (STb and STaP) toxin genes simultaneously. In addition, in colonies that did not express the F18 gene, 21, 19, and 21 of those colonies co-expressed LTb, STb, and STaP genes, respectively. Pigs fed high-fiber diets had a lower percentage of F18- encoded E. coli (6.37% vs 18.09%, P \u3c 0.001) compared to those fed low-fiber diets. In comparison, pigs fed stimbiotic had a higher percentage of F18-encoded E. coli (13.67% vs. 7.98%, P \u3c 0.001) in fecal samples than pigs fed no stimbiotic. Pigs fed CC and HF had similar percentages of F18-encoded E. coli (P = 0.164). In contrast, pigs fed FS and CC had a lower percentage of F18-encoded E. coli than pigs fed CS (6.76% and 11.59% vs. 21.54%, P \u3c 0.001 and P = 0.088, respectively). The results of this study demonstrate that high-fiber diets and stimbiotic impact the percentage of virulence genes expressed in live E. coli colonies of fecal samples differently, suggesting that a different mechanism may be involved in restoring ADG in pigs challenged with ETEC
Supply Chain Management Internship- Fastenal
Get PDFProcurement and supply management; transportation and distribution management; and inventory and forecasting analytics, are all familiar course names for the University of Arkansas students earning their supply chain management degree. These courses outline some of the crucial departments of the supply chain. In my internship, during the summer of 2024, I was amid a combination of school knowledge and industry experience. Working at a warehouse fulfillment center I operated at the last mile of the supply chain completing tasks in all three departments
Adopting an International Human Rights Approach in the U.S. to Combat Sizeism and Related Racism and Sexism in Healthcare, Public Health Efforts, and Food Advertising Policy
Get PDFEvidence of size stigma in U.S. food and health industries is overwhelming. Many policies affecting consumer and patient health and care look to patient Body Mass Index (BMI), a ratio of patient weight to height that anthropologists describe has roots in eugenics, scientific racism, and sexism, and that even the American Medical Association describes as being used for racist exclusion and not encompassing of sex-based differences. Many healthcare policies, public health messages, and food advertising strategies boast goals of reducing BMI in hopes of improving health status, but, in addition to having abhorrent origins, BMI has been shown to be a poor indicator of health. International Convention on Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the International Covenant of Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, and the Convention on the Rights of the Child, recognize the rights to health and food. The U.S., having ratified or at least signed each of these treaties, should therefore work to prevent sizeism in U.S. health systems and food advertising, phenomena which clearly affects healthcare access and quality, the food landscape, and overall wellbeing for people in the U.S., particularly for fat people, and especially for fat people of color and fat women
Negotiating Food Security
Get PDFIn the United States and worldwide, nutrition and food emerge as both high-profile public policy targets and as fundamental aspects of the right to self-determination. This Article examines how national security impacts food security in the United States. It explores conflicts and synergies between municipal, state, and federal law developments related to the right to food and investigates recent developments in how those commitments have been negotiated. The challenge and nebulous justiciability of the right to food can be in part attributed to existing global and national systems, which include supply chains, welfare programs, and foreign investment in the U.S. In lieu of the current critique of the status quo, U.S. lawmakers will soon be confronted with the need to reexamine and renegotiate existing national and international commitments, including those relative to food system restructuring, which will require collaboration between private and governmental actors. Such collaborations will be dictated by legal norms, soft laws, customary law, business practices, and the geopolitical makeup of the world. This Article makes the unique contribution of addressing how federal, state, and local decision-making processes factor into increasing food security and sustainable development. It also considers how these factors will determine whether the United States will have a competitive advantage in the global agro-economy, successfully securing food production for its citizens
Britain and the Mediterranean: Empire and Culture in the Georgian-Victorian Era
No full textI will examine the high age of British expansion into the Mediterranean – the mid- to late years of the Georgian- Victorian era. Since Britain’s imperialistic ventures were always intimately connected with domestic forces, I have chosen to divide my investigation into two main sections: the first analyzing the role of the Mediterranean, particularly Greece, in British culture and intellectual history prior to and during full-scale expansion, and the second presenting an account of Britain’s Mediterranean campaigns proper
Out of Orbit? European Space Collaboration in Post-Brexit Europe
No full textThis paper explores the historical role of the UK within the European Space Agency in light of the United Kingdom\u27s exit from the European Union
Don’t miss our latest research from our current issue, featuring: Pediatric Occupational Therapists’ Perception of How Nature-Based Play Affects Fine Motor Development by Abbi M. Rosenow, Donia P. Timby, Jacquelyn D. Wiersma-Mosley, and Amanda Terrell
No full textAbbi Rosenow (left) and mentor, Donia Timby, presenting at the University of Arkansas Bumpers College Undergraduate Honors Research Symposium.https://scholarworks.uark.edu/discovery_images/1064/thumbnail.jp