UARK (University of Arkansas )

Editors, Academy

English

Proceedings of the Arkansas Academy of Science - Volume 1 1941

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 8 
1941 
25th Annual Meeting, 1941. Minutes 
Academy Editors 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
Recommended Citation 
Editors, Academy (1941) "25th Annual Meeting, 1941. Minutes," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of 
Science: Vol. 1, Article 8. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/8 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Arkansas Academy Annual Meeting report is brought to you for free and open access by 
ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an 
authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu, 
uarepos@uark.edu. 
12
Minutes of the Twenty-fifth Annual Meeting
The Arkansas Academy of Science, Arts and Letters.
Henderson State Teachers College, April 25-26, 1941.
The Secretary's 1940 minutes were not read since they were sent out to
all members last spring. The report of the Treasurer, Dr. Horsfall, report-
Ing a balance of $123.85, April19, 1941, was read. The Treasurer's reportwas accepted. The Secretary's expenses for the present year had not been
reported up to this time.
The following committees were appointed, the first named being chairman:
Nominating
-
M. J. McHenry, W. C. Munn, T. L. Smith; Auditing
-
D. M. Moore,
H. V. Matthew, E. A. Spessard; Resolutions
-
I.A. Wills, H. I.Lane, L. B.
Roberts .
Invitations from host institutions for next year's meeting were received
from the following: Dr. I.A. Wills for John Brown University, Dr. L. B.
Roberts for Monticello A.&M. College and Dr. T. L. Smith for The College of
the Ozarks. Action on these was set for the afternoon session.
Suggestions were made concerning Junior, associate or student member-
ships, and an editorial board.
Dr. L. B. Roberts presented a report on the meeting of the Southern
Association for the Advancement of Science at Mobile, Alabama. Dr. D.
Demaree continued with a discussion of this meeting. (Dr. Robert's report
is appended to these minutes).
Applications for membership were presented from the following:
Allured, R. B., Russellville Pool, Mildred R., Siloam Springs
Bowman, D. W., Conway Provine, E. A., Arkadelphla
Brown, D. B., Little Rock Ridge, Inez, Morrllton
Chambers, Marjorie E., Star City Rowden, R. W., Little Rock
Dorroh, J. L., Arkadelphla Shay, R. Morgan, Springdale
Hall, Orville J., Fayetteville Tennyson, T. A., El Dorado
Matthew, H. V., Arkadelphla Vogel, F. H., Fayetteville
Morse, R. L., Fayetteville Wolfe, J. D., Hamburg
Attendance was as follows: 31 at the morning business session, 30 at
the biological science section, and 25 at the physical science section.
The following report of the Nominating Committee was adopted at the
final business session:
President I.A. Wills John Brown University
Vice-President
Secretary
L. B. Roberts Monticello A.& M.
L. B. Ham University of Arkansas
Treasurer
Editor
W. R. Horsfall University of Arkansas
D. M. Moore University of Arkansas
The reports of the Auditing Committee and the Resolutions Committee were
adopted.
The resolutions adopted are as follows:
Resolution No. I. Be it resolved that the Arkansas Academy of Science, Arts
and Letters extend its sincere appreciation to Henderson State Teachers'
College, Arkadelphla, for its hospitality and comfortable quarters provided
for the 25th annual meeting of the Academy. Particularly we wish to thank
President J. A. Day and members of the local committee on arrangements for
their cordial welcome and efficient management of the details Inarranging the
facilities and entertainment for the members of the Academy.
Be it further resolved that the Arkansas Academy of Science, Arts and
Letters expresses its appreciation to Mr. Henry W. Llx, acting Park Naturalist
of Hot Springs National Park, for his presentation of the evening lecture,
"Our National Parks", and giving freely of his services.
Be it further resolved that the Arkansas Academy of Science, Arts and
Letters wishes to convey Its sincere thanks to the Caddo Quicksilver Corpora-
tion for their courtesy and kindness in permitting the members to visit their
mine and refining plant.
13
Resolution No. II. Be Itresolved that the Arkansas Academy of Science,
Arts and Letters wishes to go on record as pledging their Interest, coopera-
tion and services In organizing and planning research activities to aid In
the betterment of our state, and to serve our country In defense. We believe
by the pooling of our talents Inscientific research, either pure or applied,
we shall be able to make needed contributions to our state and national life.
Copies of Resolution Iwere sent to President Day, Mr. Lix, and to the
Caddo Quicksilver Corporation as voted. A copy of Resolution IIwas sent to
Governor Adkins.
A motion to accept the invitation from Montlcello A.& M. College for the
spring meeting in 1942 was made and passed.
The list of applications for membership read at the morning session was
accepted.
A communication from the Texas Academy was read inviting the members of
the Arkansas Academy to the Christmas meeting in Dallas, December, 1941. A
motion was made and passed to accept the invitation. The Secretary was in-
structed to remind Arkansas Academy members of the meeting.
A motion was made and passed that the chair appoint a person or persons,
making the Dallas trip to the A.A.A.S., to represent the Academy. The chair
named Drs. Wills, Moore, and. Ham.
The discussion on publication of proceedings was resumed. A motion was
made and passed to adopt Plan Iin a questionnaire sent out to all members,
with two amendments. The first amendment to be passed provided that begin-
ning with 1942, the Academy dues shall be $1.50. That is, the Academy voted
to adopt Plan IIIof the questionnaire beginning with 1942 dues. The second
amendment, which was passed, provides for sale of the publication for the
present year to members at 50 cents per copy. The price to others is to be
one dollar per copy. The understanding, in making this amendment, was that
the extra sum collected was to be used to refund to the authors. A motion
was made and passed that authors who pay for their own pages shall receive a
copy of the preceedings free. A motion was made and passed to change or amend
the constitution, or by-laws, or both, so as to allow for the above change in
dues as occasioned by publication.
It was moved and passed that the incoming President appoint an editorial
board to consider papers, policy and name. The following were appointed:
Drs. Hyman, Smith, and McHenry, with the Editor as chairman of the board.
The following motions were made and passed: to instruct the Secretary
to take the necessary steps for affiliation with the A.A.A.S.; that necessary
steps oe taken to change the Academy name from "The Arkansas Academy of
Science, Arts, and Letters" to "The Arkansas Academy of Science"; that the
Academy cooperate with the Southern Association for the Advancement ofScience; that the Academy meet next year at approximately the same time of
spring as this year; that the sectional chairman for next year be appointed
by the Secretary.
An announcement on cancellation of field trip Number 1was made. Pre-
vious heavy rains made this trip impractical. However, since several wished
to make the trip Dr. Horton agreed to lead those who appeared at 7:30 A.M.
Adjourned. 28 members present.
A musical program was provided by students of Henderson State Teachers
College for the forty guests at the annual dinner, Caddo Hotel. Selections
were played by the following: J. 0. Burns, Violin; Ruth Matthew, Cello;
DeWayne Thornton, Piano. A trio consisting of Rae Scoggln, Rosalea Fish and
Rosalyn Fish sang a group of songs.
Ten members took a brief trip to the old salt well at 7:30 A.M. Saturday.
The trip was directed by Dr. Horton.
Following this trip, about 30 made the trip to the cinnabar mine andmercury refining plant of Caddo Quicksilver Corporation, 25 miles west of
Arkadelphla. Much of the trip was through wooded sections, giving the
botanists excellent opportunity for collecting specimens.
L. B. Ham, Secretary
14
The Southern Association for the Advancement of Science
Early In 1940 members of the Arkansas Academy of Science received Invi-
tations to attend a meeting in Mobile, sponsored by the Alabama Academy of
Science, for the purpose of organizing a Southern Scientific Society. Two
members, Dr. Delzie Demaree and Dr. L. B. Roberts, were asked by President
Horton to represent the Arkansas Academy at that meeting.
At the meeting on March 29 and 30, which was attended by more than a
hundred scientists from ten Southern States, there was organized The South-
ern Association for the Advancement of Science. Officers were elected for
the meeting, and other officers were elected to take office at the close of
the organization meeting. Among the latter are Dean Wortley F. Rudd of the
Medical College of Virginia, President, and Dr. George D. Palmer of the Uni-
versity of Alabama Chemistry Department, Secretary and Treasurer. Committees
were set up to complete the process of organization. Our Academy was honor-
ed by appointment of Dr. Roberts as Chairman of the Membership Committee
and, after the meeting, as a member of the Executive Committee.
The primary reason for the effort to set up such an organization was the
recognition of two facts; the existence of certain problems peculiar to the
South and common to all or most of the Southern States, and the lack of an
adequate program of research in the South. Because of their relative iso-
lation the State Academies are unable to do Justice to the task, and National
organizations are not vitally interested in the discovery and solution of
sectional problems. Itis the purpose of the S. A. A. S. to work for the
detection and solution of Southern problems and the overcoming of Southern
handicaps in research and in industry by fostering full cooperation and co-
ordination of all research agencies In the South and the full utilization of
all their facilities. In furtherance of this purpose State Academies and
other scientific organizations in the South are invited to affiliate, and
their members and others interested in the progress of scientific research
are invited to Join.
After a report from representatives who attended the organization meet-
Ing the Academy authorized the officers to take steps towards affiliation
with the S. A. A. S.
L. B. Roberts


25th Annual Meeting, 1941.  Minutes

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 6 
1941 
Past Officers of the Academy 
Academy Editors 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
Recommended Citation 
Editors, Academy (1941) "Past Officers of the Academy," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: 
Vol. 1 , Article 6. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/6 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for 
inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For 
more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 
8
willingness or unwillingness to have said paper published by the Academy.
In the event of non-publication the paper will be filed in the archives of
the Academy as part of the permanent records of the organization.
6. These by-laws may be altered or amended in the same manner as the
constitution.
Amendments to the By-Laws
1. Members who shall allow their dues to remain unpaid for two years
having been annually notified of their arrearage by the secretary shall lose
their status of membership. Such ex-members may regain their membership by
the regular process of election and paying of dues. (Adopted at the 19th
annual meeting at Arkadelphia, April19-20, 1935).
2. No bill Inexcess of $5.00 may be Incurred against the Academy un-
less approved by the executive committee. No bill against the Academy shall
be paid without an order signed by the President and the Secretary. (Adopt-
ed at the 19th annual meeting at Arkadelphia, April19-20, 1935).
3. The following is recommended as a regular order of business, to be
followed at annual meetings of the Academy:
1. Call to order
2. Report of officers
3. Reports of standing committees
4. Election of members
5. Appointment of special committees
6. Reports of special committees
7. Unfinished business
8. New business
9. Election of officers
10. Program
11. Adjournment
(Adopted at the 19th annual meeting at Arkadelphia, April19-20, 1935).
4. The dues of the Academy shall be $1.50 per year beginning in 1942.
(Adopted at the 25th annual meeting at Arkadelphia, April25-26, 1941).
PAST OFFICERS
*
Since Reorganization
No. of
Annual Year Place Pres. V. Pres. Secretary Treasurer Editor
Meeting
16 '32 Reorganlz- Moore, Swartz, Ham, Schwardt,
atlon D. M. D. L. B. H. H.
Little Rock
17 '33 Little Rock Moore, Allen, Turner, Schwardt,
(Hotel Laf- D. M. C. F. L. M. H. H.
ayette)
18 '34 Conway Haas, Hyman, Turner, Delllnger, Swartz,
(A.S.T.C.) F. A. H. H. L. M. S. C. D.
19 '35 Arkadelphla Hyman, Munn, Turner, Horsfall, Dennlson,
(H.S.T.C.) H. H. W. C. L. M. W. R. M.
20 '36 Montlcello Ham, Horton, Turner, Horsfall, Singleton,
(Ark.A.&M.) L. B. P. G. L. M. W. R. J.
21 '37 Fayettevllle Munn, Smith, Turner, Horsfall, Wills,
(U. of Ark.) W. C. T. L. L. M. W. R.
'
I.A.
22 'Z8 Clarksvllle McHenry, Wills, Ham, Holcomb, Horton,
(Col. of Oz.) M. J. I.A. L. B. D. Y. P. G.
23 '39 Conway Smith, Leach, Ham, Holcomb, Armstrong,
(Hendrlx) T. L. L. 0. L. B. D. Y. M. R.
24 '40 Fayettevllle Horton, Demaree, Ham, Horsfall, Moore,
(U. of Ark.) P. G. D. L. B. W. R. D. M.
25 '41 Arkadelphla Wills, Roberts, Ham, Horsfall, Moore,
(H.S.T.C.) I.A. L. B. L. B. W. R. D. M.
M
AllAcademy sessions, beginning in 1933, have been. held in the spring. The officers
were elected to serve the following year.
8
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 6
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941


Past Officers of the Academy

Moore, Dwight M.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 17 
1941 
Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas 
Dwight M. Moore 
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
 Part of the Botany Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Moore, Dwight M. (1941) "Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of 
Science: Vol. 1 , Article 17. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/17 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion 
in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more 
information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 
57
A Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas
Dwight M. Moore, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
While the grasses of Arkansas occupy a fairly large portion
of the land which is not forested, the great diversity of species
is not generally recognized. A few observers have given lists of
the plants of Arkansas in which grasses have been included.
Thomas Nuttall, who was one of the earliest naturalists to visit
the state included one hundred and fourteen grass names among his
collections (1837). The list of plants of the state published by
Branner and Coville (1891) included the names of one hundred and
thirty-four grasses. In1926 Buchholz and Palmer added thirty-
six names to the previously published lists. In1SC2 Miss Gregson
prepared a thesis on the Gramineae of Arkansas in which she in-
cluded two hundred and thirty-five grasses which had been reported
growing out of cultivation in the state. This was by far the
largest and most nearly complete list of the grasses found in
Arkansas prepared to that time. Copies of this thesis were
deposited In the University of Arkansas library but otherwise it
has not been made available to the public. In1935 Hitchcock's
Manual of the Grasses of the United States appeared, in the prepar-
ation of which all Arkansas material available was studied and
Identified. This brought about several changes in nomenclature and
also proved the occurrence of some previously unreported grasses.
In a study of the Massard Prairie, south of Fort Smith, Miss
Armstrong (1941) included as many of the grasses as possible which
resulted in several new records. The results of this study were
included in a thesis, copies of which are in the University of
Arkansas library. Otherwise these have not yet been published.
The latest additions to the. known species of grass for Arkansas were
published in June, 1941 by Nielson when he added five new names to
previous lists, and Scully (1942) just before going to press.
When the importance of grasses in Arkansas Is considered it
seems highly desirable that as complete a list as possible should
be made available to those interested. Itis with this object in
mind that the present list, Including seventy- two genera and two
hundred and seventy-nine species and varieties, is here presented.
This list is based chiefly upon the specimens In the herbarium of
the University of Arkansas which represent the collections of
several persons in addition to the author, notably D. Demaree,
L. S. Gregson, and E. L. Nielson. Authentic records from the
literature as noted are also included. The nomenclature is
based on Hitchcock's Manual.
There are, undoubtedly, errors of identification and it is
quite likely that further study willreveal other species not now
on record for the state. This is particularly true since there
are many counties of the state in which no collections at all have
been made. It is hoped that this list will stimulate further
observations and collections and that a more complete knowledge of
the grass resources of Arkansas may be the outcome.
Research P«p«r No. 730 Journal Series. University of Arkansas
57
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
58
CHECK LIST OF GRASSES IN ARKANSAS
1. Aegilops cylindrica Host. Jointed Goatgrass.
2. Agropyron repens (L.) Beauv. Quackgrass.
3. Agropyron stnithii Rydb. Bluestem.
4. Agrostls alba L. Redtop.
5. Agrostis olllottiana Schult.
6. Agrostis hiemalis (Walt.) B. S. P. Ticklegrass.
7. Agrostis palustris Huds. Creeping Bent.
8. Agrostis perennans (Walt.) Tuckerm. Autumn Bent.
9. Alopecurus aequalis Sobol. Short-awn Foxtail.
10. A lopecurus carol inianus Walt.
11. Alopecurus geniculatus L. Water Foxtail.
12. Andropogon elliottil Chapm. Elliott Beardgrass.
13. Andropogon furcatus Muhl. Bluejoint Turkeyfoot.
14. Andropogon glomeratus (Walt.) B. S. P. Bushy Beardgrass
15. Andropogon saccharoides Swartz. Silver Beardgrass.
16. Andropogon scoparius Mlchx. Prairie Beardgrass.
17. Andropogon tornarius Mlchx.
18. Andropogon virginicus L. Broomsedge.
19. Anthaenantia villosa (Mlchx.) Beauv.
20. Aristida curtissii (A. Gray) Nash.
21. Aristida dichotoma Mlchx.
22. Aristida intermedia Scribn. &Ball.
23. Aristida lanosa Muhl.
24. Aristida longespica Polr.
25. Aristida oligantha Michx. Prairie Three-awn.
26. Aristida purpurascens Polr. Arrowfeather.
27. Aristida purpurea Nutt. Purple Three-awn.
28. Aristida ramosi ssima Engelm.
29. Aristida stricta Michx. Plneland Three-awn.
30. Aristida tuberculosa Nutt.
31. Aristida virgata Trin.
32. Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Mert. & Koch. Tall Oatgrass.
33. Arthraxon hispidus var. cryptatherus (Hack.) Honda.
34. Arundinaria gigantea (Walt.) Chapm. Southern Cane.
35. Arundinaria tecta (Walt.) Muhl. Small Cane.
36. Avena sativa L. Oats.
37. Axonopus compressus (Swartz) Beauv. Carpet Grass.
38. Axonopus furcatus t,Flugge.) Hitchc.
39. Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr. Side-Oats Grama.
40. Bouteloua grac ills (H. B. K.) Lag. Blue Grama.
41. Bouteloua simplex Lag. Mat Grama.
42. Brachyelytrum erectum (Shreb.) Beauv.
43. Briza minor L. Little Quaking Grass.
44. Sromus catharticus Vahl. Rescue Grass.
45. Bromus ciliatus L. Fringed Brome.
46. Bromus commutatus Schrad. Hairy Grass.
47. Bromus japonicus Thunb. Japanese Chess.
48. Bromus purgans L. Canada Brome.
49. Bromus secalinus L. Chess.
50. Bromus steri 11 s L.
51. Bromus tectorum L. Downy Chess.
52. Calamagrosti s canadensis (Michx.) Beauv. Bluejoint.
53. Cenchrus pauciflorus Benth. Field Sandbur.
54. Cenchrus tribuloides L. Dune Sandbur.
55. Chloris cucullata Bisch.
56. Chloris gayana Kunth. Rhodes Grass.
57. Chloris verticillata Nutt. Windmill Grass.
58. Cinna arundinacea L. Stout Woodreed.
59. Ctenium aromaticum (Walt.) Wood. Toothache Grass.
60. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. Bermuda Grass.
61. Dactylis glomerata L. Orchard Grass.
62. Danthonia spicata (L.) Beauv. Poverty Oatgrass.
63. Deschampsia flexuosa (L.) Trln. Crinkled Hairgrass.
64. Diarrhena americana Beauv.
65. Digitaria filiformis (L.) Koel.
66. Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Muhl. Smooth Crabgrass.
67. Digitaria ischaemum var. mi ssi ssippiensis Fernald.
68. Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. Crabgrass.
69. Digitaria villosa (Walt.) Pers.
70. Oistichlis spicata (L.) Greene. Seashore Saltgrass.
71. Echinochloa colonum (L.) Link. Jungle-rice.
72. Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. Barnyard Grass.
73. Echinochloa crusgalli var. zelayensis (H. B. K.) Hitchc
74. Echinochloa waiter! (Pursh) Heller.
58
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/17
59
75 Eleusino Indica (l.) Gaertn. Goosegrass, Crabgrass.
Elymus canadensis L. Canada Wild-Rye.76
77 Elymus canadensis var. brachystachys (Scribn. &Ball) FarwellElymus glaucus Buckl. Blue Wild-Rye.78
79 Elymus ripar Ius Wiegand.
Elymus viIlosus Muhl.30
81 Elymus virginicus L. Virginia Wild-Rye.
82 Elymus virginicus var. australis (Scribn. & Ball) Hitchc.
Elymus virginicus var. glabriflorus (Vasey) Bush.83
84 Eragrostis arida Hitchc.
85 Eragrostis capillaris (L.) Nees. Lacegrass.
Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Link. Stlnkgrass.
Eragrostis frank!IC. A. Meyer.
Eragrostis glomerata (Walt.) L. H. Dewey.
86
87
88
89 Eragrostis hirsuta (Michx.) Nees.
Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B. S. P.90
91 Eragrostis intermedia Hitchc. Plains Lovegrass.
Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees.92
Eragrostis pilosa (L.) Beauv. India Lovegrass.
Eragrostis poaeoides Beauv.
93
94
95 Eragrostis refracta (Muhl.j Scrlbn.
Eragrostis reptans (Michx.) Nees.
Eragrostis secundif lora Presl.
96
97
98 Eragrostis spectabilis (Pursh.) Steud. Purple Lovegrass.
Eragrostis trichodes (Nutt.) Nash.99
100 Erianthus alopecurioides (L.) Ell. Silver Plumegrass.
Erianthus brevibarbis Michx. Brown Plumegrass.
Erianthus contortus Ell. Bent-awn Plumegrass.
Erianthus gigantous (Walt.). Muhl. Sugar Cane Plumegrass.
Erianthus strictus Baldw. Narrow Plumegrass.
101
102
103
104
Festuca dertonenis (All.)Aschers & Graehn
Pestuca elatior L. Meadow Fescue.
105
106
107 Festuca myuros L.
Festuca obtusa Spreng. Nodding Fescue.
Festuca octof lora Walt. Six Weeks Fescue
Festuca sciurea Nutt.
108
109
110
Festuca shorti I Hunth
Festuca versuta Beal.
111
112
113 Glyceria fluitans (L.j R. Br. Mannagrass
Glyceria septentriona Iis Hitchc. Eastern Mannagrass.
Glyceria striata (Lam.) Hitchc. Fowl Mannagrass.
Gymnopogon ambiguus (Michx.) B. S. P.
114
115
116
Gymnopogon brevi folius Trin.
Holcus lanatus L. Velvet Grass.
Hordeum jubatum L. Foxtail Barley.
Hordeum pusi Ilum Nutt. Little Barley.
Hordeum vulgare L. Barley
117
118
119
120
121
122 Hystrix patula Moench. Bottlebrush.
Koeleria cristata (L.) Pers. Junegrass.
Leersia lenticularis Michx. Catchfly Grass.
Leersia oryzoides (L.) Swartz. Rice Cutgrass.
Leersia virginica Willd. Whitegrass.
123
124
125
126
127 Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam) A. Gray.
Leptochloa filiformis (Lam.) Beauv. Red Spangletop.
Leptochloa panicoides (Presl) Hitchc.
128
129
130 Leptoloma cognatum (Schultes) Chase. Fall Witchgrass.
Limnodea arkansana (Nutt.) L. H. Dewey.131
Lolium multiflorum Lam. Italian Ryegrass.
Lolium perenne L. Perennial Ryegrass.
Lolium temulentum L. Darnel.
132
133
134
-
136
Manisuris cylindrica (Michx.) Kuntze.
Melica muticaWalt. Two- Flower Mellc.
137 Melica nitens (Scribn.) Nutt. Three Flower Melic.
Melica porteri Scribn. Porter Melic.138
139 Miscanthus slnensis Anderss. Eulalia.
Muhlenbergia brachyphylla Bush.
Muhlenbergia capillaris (Lam.) Trin.
Muhlenbergia glabriflora Scribn.
140
141
142
143 Muhlenbergia mexicana (L.) Trin. Wlrestem Muhly.
Muhlenbergia schreberi Gmel. Nimblewlll.144
145 Muhlenbergia sobollfera (Muhl.) Trin.
146 Muhlenbergia sobol ifera var. setigera Scribn.
Muhlenbergia sylvatica Torr.147
148 Muhlenbergia tenuiflora (Willd.) B. S. P.
Oplismenus setarius (Lam.) Roem and Schult.
Oryza sativa L. Rice.
149
150
59
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
60
151. Panicum agrostoides Spreng.
Panicum albomarginatum Nash.
Panicum anceps Michx.
152.
153.
154. Panicum angusti folium Ell.
Panicum arenicoloides Ashe.
Panicum ashei Pearson.
155.
156.
157. Panicum auburne Ashe.
Panicum barbulatum Mlchx.
Panicum bicknellii Nash.
Panicum boscl I Polr.
158.
159.
160.
161. Panicum boscli var. molle (Vasey) Hltchc
Panicum capi IlareL. Witchgrass.
& Chase
162.
163. Panicum chrysopsldlfol Iurn Nash.
Panicum clandestinum L.164.
165. Panicum commutatum Schult.
Panicum consanguineum Kunth.
Panicum depauperatun MuhL.
Panicum dichotomif lorura Mlchx.
Panicum dichotonum L.
166.
167.
168.
169.
170. Panicum flexlle (Gattlnger) Scrlbn.
Panicum Gattingerl Nash.171.
172. Panicum heller! Nash.
Panicum hians Ell.
Panicum hirticaule Presl.
Panicum huachucae Ashe.
173.
174.
175.
176. Panicum huachucae var. fasciculatum (Torr
Panicum jooriiVasey.
) F. T. Hubb
177.
178. Panicum lanuginosum Ell.
Panicum lati fol ium L.
Panicum laxiflorum Lam.
Panicum lindheimeri Nash.
Panicum Iineari folium Scrlbn.
Panicum lucldum Ashe.
179.
180.
181.
182.
183.
184. Panicum malacophy Ilun Nash.
Panicum microcarpon Muni.185.
186. Panicum miliaceum L. Broomcorn Millet.
Panicum oligosanthes Schult.187.
188. Panicum ovinum Scrlbn. and Smith.
Panicum pedicel latum Vasey.189.
190. Panicum perlongum Nash.
191. Panicum phi ladephicum Bernh.
Panicum polyanthet Schult.192.
193. Panicum praecoclus Hltchc. and Chase.
Panicum pseudopubescens Nash.194.
195. Panicum ravenelli Scrlbn. and Merr.
Panicum scoparium Lam.196.
197. Panicum scribnerianum Nash.
Panicum sphaerocarpon Ell.
Panicum sp return Schult.
Panicum stipltatum Nash.
Panicum tennesseense Ashe.
198.
199.
200.
201.
202. Panicum thurowii Scribn. and Smith.
Panicum verrucosum Muhl.203.
Panicum vlIlosissimum Nash.
Panicum virgatum L. Swltchgrass
Panicum webberianum Nash.
204.
205.
206.
207. Panicum wernerl Scrlbn.
Panicum xalapense H. B. K.
Panicum yadkinense Ashe.
208.
209.
210. Paspalum bosclanum Flugge. Bull Paspalum.
Paspalum cl Ilatifollum Michx.211.
212. Paspalum circulare Nash.
213. Paspalum dilatatum Poir. Dallls Grass.
Paspalum dissectum L.214.
Paspalum distichum L. Knotgrass
Paspalum floridanum Mlchx.
215.
216.
21T. Paspalum laeve Mlchx.
Paspalum longipilum Nash.
Paspalum pubescens Muhl.
218.
219.
220. Paspalum pubiflorum var. glabrum Vasey.
Paspalum repent Berglus.221.
222. Paspalum setaceum Michx
223. Paspalum urvillei Steud. Vasey Grass.
Phalaris arundlnacea L. Reed Canary Grass224.
60
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/17
61
225 Phalaris canariensis L. Canary Grass.
Phalaris caroliniana Walt. Canary Grass.
Phleum pratense L. Timothy.
226
227
228 Phragmites coramunls Trln. Common Reedgrass.
Poa annua L. Annual Bluegrass.229
230 Poa arachnifera Torr. Texas Bluegrass.
Poa autumnal is Muhl.231
232 Poa bulbosa L. Bulbous Bluegrass.
Poa chapmaniana Scrlbn.233
234 Poa compressa L. Canada Bluegrass.
Poa nemo rails L. Wood Bluegrass.
Poa pratensis L. Kentucky Bluegrass.
Poa sylvestris A. Gray.
235
236
237
Polypogon monspel iensis (L.) Desf.
Sacciolepis striata (L.) Nash.
238
239
Schedonnardus paniculatus (Nutt.) Trel. Tumblegrass.
Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. Knotroot Bristlegrass.
Setaria lutescens (Weigel) F. T. Hubb. Yellow Bristlegrass
Setaria verticlllata (L.) Beauv. Bur Bristlegrass.
Setaria viridls (L.) Beauv. Green Bristlegrass.
240
241
242
243
244
245 Sorghastrum elliottil (Mohr.) Nash.
246 Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash. Indian Grass.
Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers. Johnson Grass.
Sorghum vulgare Pers. Sorghum.
247
248
249 Sorghum vulgare var. sudanense (Piper) Hitchc. Sudan Grass
Spartina cynosuroldes (L.) Roth. Big Cordgrass.250
251 Spartina pectinata Link. Prairie Cordgrass
Sphenopholls fillform! s (Chapm.) Vasey.252
Sphenopholis intermedia (Rydb.)Rydb. Slender Wedgegrass.
Spenopholis nitida (Spreng.) Scribn.
253
254
255 Sphenopholls obtusata (Michx.) Scribn. Prairie Wedgegrass.
Sphenopholls pat lens (Spreng.) Scribn.
Sporobolus asper (Michx.) Kunth. Long-leaved Rushgrass.
Sporobolus asper var. hooker) (Trin.T Vasey.
Sporobolus asper var. pilosus (Vasey) Hitchc.
Sporobolus clandestinus (Spreng.) Hitchc.
256
257
258
259
260
261 Sporobolus cryptandrus (Torr.) A. Gray. Sand Dropseed.
Sporobolus heterolepis A. Gray. Prairie Dropseed.
Sporobolus poiretii (Roem. & Schult.) Hitchc. Smutgrass.
Sporobolus vaginlflorus (Torr.) Wood. Sheathed Rush-grass.
Stipa avenacea L. Blackseed Needlegrass.
262
263
264
265
266 Stipa viridula Trin.
Trichachne californica (Benth.) Chase. Cottontop
Triodia elongata (Buckl.) Scribn. Rough Trlodia.
Triodia flava (L.) Smyth. Purpletop.
267
268
269
270 Trlodia stricta (Nutt.) Benth.
Triplasis purpurea (Walt.) Chapm.271
272 Tripsacum dactytoides (L.) L. Eastern. Gamagrass
Triticum aestivum L. Wheat.273
274 Uniola latifolia Michx. Broadleaf Uniola
Uniola laxa (L.) B. S. P.2T5
276 Uniola sessi 11flora Polr.
Zea Mays L. Maize. Indian Corn.
Zizania aquatica L. Annual Wildrlce.
277
278
279 Zizaniopsis miliacea (Michx.) Daell and Aschers. Southern Wildrice
Summary
Genera 76
Species 269
Varieties 13
Total different grasses 279
61
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
62
Select Bibl iography
1. Armstrong, Minnie Ruth. 1941. A Study of the flora of massard prairie
with some ecological notes. Unpublished thesis. U. of Ark.
2. Branner, J. G. and F. B. Coville. 1891. A list of the plants of
Arkansas. Annual report for 1888. Arkansas Geol. Survey, 4:
155-242. Little Rock.
3. Buchholz, J. T. and E. J. Palmer. 1926. Supplement to the catalogue
of Arkansas plants. Transactions of the Academy of Science of
St. Louis. Volume XXV, No. 6.
4. Gregson, LillianSedgewell. 1932. The Gramineae of Arkansas. Unpub-
lished thesis. U. of Ark.
5. Hitchcock, Albert S. 1935. Manual of the grasses of the United States.
U. S. Dept. of Agrl. Misc. Publ . No. 200.
6. Lesquereux, Leo. 1860. Botanical and pale ontologleal report on the
geological state survey of Arkansas. Rep. Second Geol. Surv. of
Ark. pp. 295-399. Phila.
7. Nielsen, iitlar L. 1937. Grass Studies. II.Additions to the flora of
Arkansas. Rhodora. 39: 423-424.
8. Nielsen, Etlar, L. 1941. Grass studies, IV. Additional species new to
Arkansas. Rhodora. 43: 219-220.
9. Nuttall, Thos. 1837. Collections towards a flora of the territory of
Arkansas. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. (New Series) 2: 139-202. Phlla
10. Scully, Francis J. 1942. Grasses of Hot Springs National Park, Arkansas
and Vicinity.Rhodora 44: 70,71.
62
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 17
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/17


Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 7 
1941 
Past and Present Members of the Academy 
Academy Editors 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
Recommended Citation 
Editors, Academy (1941) "Past and Present Members of the Academy," Journal of the Arkansas Academy 
of Science: Vol. 1 , Article 7. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/7 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Front Matter is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for 
inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For 
more information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 
9
PAST AND PRESENT MEMBERS OF
THE ARKANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE
In the following list your secretary has attempted to present the names
of all members of the Arkansas Academy from 1933 up to the present time.
Members previous to and including the school year 1935-36 are indicated by the
plus (+) sign. Those who have been members all or part of the time since 1936
are indicated by use of the asterlsk(*). This is the first attempt to furnish
a complete list of members since 1933. Your secretary will appreciate notices
of omissions and corrections.
*Abbott, C. E., Harding College, Searcy
+ * Allen, Charles F., 206 Thayer Avenue, Little Rock*Allured, R. B., Arkansas Polytechnic College, Russellville+ *Anderson, Homer L., LouAnn
? Anderson, Lawson M., A.&M. College, Montlcello
+ *Armstrong, Miss M. Ruth, 1106 14th St., Ft. Smith
? Austin, Russell H., Arkansas State College, Jonesboro
*Banks, Jeff, U. of Ark., College of Medicine, Little Rock+ * Battey, Miss Zilpha C, U. of Ark., Fayettevllle*Barlow, Paul, Magnolia*Beach, IrvingT., College of the Ozarks, Clarksvllle* Bowman, D. W., Hendrlx College, Conway+ Branner, George, C, 447 State Capitol, Little Rock* Brown, D. B., 5020 Hlllcrest Street, Little Rock+ Brown, A., Jr., Sulphur City* Buckhart, Leroy, College of the Ozarks, Clarksvllle+ Burgess, E., 306 University Avenue, Fayettevllle+ Burnett, Clell, iiO12 Martin Street, Conway
*Campbell, Leonard, A.& M. College, Montlcello* Carpenter, Stanley J., 2201 Main Street, Little Rock+ *Causey, David, U. of Ark., Fayettevllle*Chambers, Miss Marjorle E., A.& M. College, Monticello*Chappell, J. T., John Brown University, Siloam Springs+ Clibourn, Robert, 517 Grove Street, Conway+ *Collins, D. S., Jr., 172 Country Avenue, Texarkana+ Cornell, George, L., Hotel Bachelor, Conway*Cook, David L., John Brown University, Siloam Springs
*Darracott, Halvor, 12 W. Maple, Fayettevllle+ Deever, Charles L., Ouachita College, Arkadelphia+ Delllnger, S. C, U. of ark., Fayetteville+ *Demaree, Delzie, A.& M. College, Montlcello+ *Denison, Mias Maggie M., Henderson State Teachers College, Arkadelphia*Dorr oh, J. L., Ouachita College, Arkadelphia*Duncan, Wallace E., College of the Ozarks, Clarksville+ Dunn, Sister Loretta, St. Scholastlca Academy, Ft. Smith
+ *Evans, Charles A., Henderson State Teachers College, Arkadelphia
+ Farley, D., A.& M. College, Magnolia
+ Gibbs, Win. K.,Arkadelphia High School, Arkadelphia+ Giles, Albert W., U. of Ark., Fayettevllle*Godley, Ves. W., A.& M. College, Magnolia+ Griffith, H. B., Ravenden Springs
+ *Haas, Mrs. Flora A., Arkansas State Teachers College, Conway+ *Hale, Harrison, U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Hall, Orville J., U. of Ark., Fayettevllle+ * Ham, L. B., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ *Harding, Arthur M., President, U. of Ark., Fayettevllle+ *Harding, W. E., 10005 Greenwood, Ft. Smith*Harrell, Edgar G., Ouachita College, Arkadelphia+ Hart, B. E., A.& M. College, Monticello*Harvey, G. L.*Hearne, F. T., Poplar Bluff, Mo.*Henbest, Orrin J., Soil Conservation Service, Fayetteville*Henbest, Wayne, N. College Avenue, Fayettevllle+ *Hobgood, W. C, A.& M. College, Monticello+ *Holcomb, Mrs. Daisy Y., U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Horlacher, W. R., U. of Ark., Fayettevllle+ *Horsfall, William Robert, U. of Ark., Fayetteville
9
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 7
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
10
+ * Horton, PhillipG., Henderson State Teachers College, Arkadelphla+ * Hosford, H. M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ Humphrey, L. M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ * Hyman, Hugh, Henderson State Teachers College, Arkadelphia
+ * Isely, Dwlght, U. of Ark., Fayetteville
+ Jacobson, Clarence 0., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ Jamison, A. W., U. of Ark-., Fayetteville* Jenness, J. R., College of the Ozarks, Clarksville* Johnson, L. R., A.& M. College, Monticello* Jordan, Miss Mildred, A.& M. College, Monticello
+ *Karnes, Bernice, West Fork*Ketelle, P. H., Hendrix College, Conway*Kik, M. C, U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Kiiiney. Barleigh, College of the Ozarks, Clarksville
* Lawson, Marvin, 304 East Fourth St., Russellville* Lane, Harry, Hendrix College, Conway+ * Leach, Luther Orland, Hendrix College, Conway* Ledford, Otto Clarence, A.& M. College, Monticello* Lewis, J. Franklin, Arkansas College, Batesvllle+ Lewis, Troy, Little Rock+ Long, Miss Lucille, 410 N. College, Fayetteville* McAllister, Floyd, A.& M. College, Monticello* Matthew, Harry V., Arkadelphia
+ *McAnear, Frank, College of the Ozarks, Clarksville*McClain, Stuart, U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ *McHenry, J. M., Hendrix College, Conway+ McKinley, CM., Box 296, Bradley+ Martin, Edgar, U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Metzler, W. H., U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Minton, Hubert L., State Teachers College, Conway+ Mitchel, Sextus D., 1909 Bruce Street, Conway*Moffatt, Wells, Monticello+ * Moore Dwij.tit M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Moose, M. F., Jr., 3108 Battery Street, Little Rock+ Morris, Robert L., U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Morse, Robert L.+ * Munn, W. C, A.& M. College, Magnolia
*Nichols, C. R., Box 3, Ark. Polytechnic College, Russellville*Nielsen, Etlar, U. S. D. A., Madison, Wisconsin
+ Olney, H. 0., John Brown University, Siloam Springs
+ * Paddock, Miss Winifred, 718 N. 18th St., Ft. Smith+ Park, Miss Ada E., 408 2nd, North Little Rock+ Park, Miss Effie P., 402 E. 2nd, North Little Rock+ Park, Miss Ora Agnes, 402 E. 2nd St., North Little Rock+ Payne, Ralph, Carthage
+ * Porter, Lyman, U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Pool, Miss Mildred R., John Brown University, Siloam Springs+ * Price, L. C, U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Provlne, Eugene A., Ouachlta College, Arkadelphia+ Pyle, Hoyte R., Ark. State Dept. of Education, Little Rock
+ Rannells, J., A.&M. College, Monticello+ * Reynolds, H., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ * Ratekin, Miss Eula, 501 N. 15th, Ft. Smith* Ridge, Miss Inez, A.& M. College, Monticello* Roberts, E., A.& M. College, Monticello+ * Roberts, L. B., A.& M. College, Monticello+ * Robinette, C. V., State Teachers College, Conway+ * Robinson, Bryon L., U. of Ark., Medical School, Little Rock+ Robinson, II.B., Haskell+ Rosnn, H. R., U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Rowden, R. W., Little Rock Junior College, Little Rock* Richardson, D. P., U. of Ark., Fayetteville
* Sanderson, Milton, W., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ dchwardt, Herbert Henry, U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Shay, R. Morgan, Springdale
10
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 7
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/7
11
+ *Singleton, Janice, Central College, Conway*Sleight, VirgilG., U. of Ark., Fayetteville
+ Sligh, Margaret, Kingsland
+ Smith, Morgan, Little Rock*bmith, Oscar D., State Teachers College, Conway
+ *Smith, Miss Margaret Elizabeth, U. of Ark., Fayetteville
+ Smith, Robert M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ *Smith, T. L., College of the Ozarks, Clarksville
+ *Smenner, Miss Olivia, U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Snow, C. C, Harding College, Searcy+ *spessard, K. A., Hendrix College, Conway*Steele, Truman C, Marionville, Missouri*Stelnbach, W. H., U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Stevens, R. D., U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Summer, L. M., Monticello Public Schools, Monticello+ *Swartz, D., U. of Ark., Fayetteville
+ Tarrant, Sister Mary B., St. Anne's Academy, Ft. Smith* Tennyson, Thomas A., 1004 Combs St., El Dorado
+ ? Trimble, Aubrey C, A.& M. College, Monticello+ Turner, Adlai S., Ark. Polytechnic College, Russellville+ *Turner, Lewis N.,U. S., Department of Forestry, New Orleans
+ *Vaile, Joseph E., U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Van der Kam, R., John Brown University, Siloam Springs* Vandruff, R. E., 2015 W. 17th St., Little Rock+ Vick, Maurice McCall, Ouachita College, Arkadelphia*Von Wicklen, F. C, College of the Ozarks, Clarksville*Vogel, F. H., U. of Ark., Fayetteville
*Ward, R. M., 119 S. Block Street, Fayetteville+ *Ware, G. W., Fruit and Truck Br. Exp. Station, Hope*Watts, V. M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville* Weetman, L. M., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ Wells, Nathan H., Evening Shade+ *Wertheim, E., U. of Ark., Fayetteville+ Wilkey, C. R., Conway+ Williams, T. E., 429 S. Border St. Hot Springs+ *Wills, IrvinA., John Brown University, Siloam Springs+ *Wilson, Miss Isabella C, U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Wilton, Miss Christine, Central College, Conway+ Wilson, W. T., U. of Ark., Fayetteville*Wisner, Earl, A.& M. College, Monticello*Wolfe, James D., Hamburg* Wood, Chester, El Dorado
+ *Young, V. H., U. of Ark., Fayetteville
11
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 7
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941


Past and Present Members of the Academy

A brief discussion is presented on the ecologic, taxonomic, and economic features of the leguminous plants of the uplands occupying the northwestern half of Arkansas. The list of 37 genera and 115 species is compiled from the author\u27s collection and from the specimens in the herbarium of the University of Arkansas collected in this part of the state. The geographic position of this area and its variety of ecological habitats indicate that it may yield nearly 175 species of legumes

Henbest, Orrin J.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 11 
1941 
Preliminary Report on the Legumes of the Arkansas Uplands 
Orrin J. Henbest 
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
 Part of the Botany Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Henbest, Orrin J. (1941) "Preliminary Report on the Legumes of the Arkansas Uplands," Journal of the 
Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 1 , Article 11. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/11 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion 
in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more 
information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 
21
A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE LEGUMES OF THE ARKANSAS UPLANDS
Orrin J. Henbest, Fayetteville
INTRODUCTION
This report is an Introduction to the work Inprogress on the
leguminous flora of the uplands of the northwestern half of Arkansas.
This particular area was chosen, first, because of the author's ac-
quaintance with It, second, because of its great variety of ecologi-
cal habitats, and third, because itvaries considerably from the
coastal plain which makes up the remainder of the state. Both native
and introduced legumes are treated, but crop plants which do not have
the ability to reseed and maintain themselves without cultivation
are excluded.
DISCUSSION
One of the most interesting plant families, the family
Leguminosae is of great importance to the economic botanist as well
as to the ecologist and systematic botanist. In number of species
(approximately 10,000 to 12,000) itranks second to Compos itae, and
in commercial value itranks second to Gramlneae.
Some interesting features presented by the family are that,
although it is probably tropical in origin, its species are now
found from the tropics to the arctic regions, growing in wet or dry
habitats from sea level to above timberline. The growth-forms in-
clude herbs, shrubs, trees, and woody or herbaceous vines; the
flowers range from actinomorphlc to sygomorphlc; the periods of
longevity Include annuals, biennials and perennials; and the
n-chromosome numbers range from 5 to 65.
Its commercial values may be summed up as follows: it provides
forage for many wild and domestic animals; it provides commercial
wood products in the form of gum arable, rosewood, and timber for
various uses; its fruits supply an Important Item of food for human
beings, birds, and herbivorous animals; it Includes many species
adapted to growth on depleted and eroded soils; and almost all of
its species have the power to extract free nitrogen from the air,
adding it to the soil in the form of soluble nitrogenous compounds.
The recent developments in the use of plastics may make the soybean
industry one of great Importance among our plant crops.
Most of the important cultivated legumes are either Introduced
or are Improved varieties of wild species. At least 30 species and
possibly 30 of their varieties are cultivated in Arkansas. These
species are Included in the genera, Trifolium; Vicia. Medicago,
Melilotus, Phaseolus, Vigna, Soja, Lespedeza, Arachis, Pueraria,
Pi sum, Lupinus and Lathyrus.
Aside from the durable wood found In Roblnia and Cere is many
woody species are valuable as shade trees or as ornamentals. To
the florist there is always a ready market for Lathyrus and Lupinus.
In addition to those mentioned above almost all leguminous plants
are important for the improvement of soil, and many of them are
valuable for erosion control and for food for wildlife. The bob-
white quail, our most prized game bird, chooses over one-third of
its food from the legumes. Of 90 quail crops collected In Boone
County and examined by the author, at least one-fourth of the con-
tents was fruits of Lespedeza while over one-tenth of the remaining
contents was made up of miscellaneous legume seeds.
Although nitrogen fixation is usually associated with leguminous
21
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 11
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
22
plants, not all of them have the nitrogen fixing bacteria living in
symbiotic relationship with their roots. The genera Cassia, (in part),
Cercis, Gleditsia, andGymnocladus (all inthe subfamlly)Caesalpinioideae)
are exceptions to the habit of nodule formation. On the other hand
similar nodules have been found on the roots of non-leguminous plants
including Alnus, Ceanothus, Cistus, Elaeagnus, Myrica, Shepherdia,
and the cycads.
A discussion of the distribution and the ecological habitats of
the legumes is too lengthy a subject to cover in this limited space,
and only a few generalizations will be made. As was mentioned be-
fore, the legumes have such a variety of ecological adaptations that
one might expect to find them inabundance anywhere. Botanists realize
how nearly true this is when they collect in this area.
In the bottomlands one may find various species of Amorpha,
Baptisia, Cassia, Cercis, Desmanthus, Desmodium, Gleditsia, Lespedeza,
Sesbania. or Strophostylesj on the wooded hills he may find Baptisia,
Cercis, Crotalarla, Pesmodium, Lespedeza, Petalostemum, Schrankia,
Tephrosia, orTTcfa; on rocky glades he may find Astragalus, Baptisia,
Gleditsia, Lespedeza, Petalostemum. Psoralea or Robinia; while in
light sandy soils he may find Cassia, Desmodium, Lespedeza,
Rhynchosia, Strophostyles, Stylosanthes, or Tephrosia.
The seasons of blooming are as variable as the ecological
habitats. From early Apriluntil late fall leguminous flowers may
be found. The lespedezas probably present the greatest range of
flowering dates of any genus, beginning in early May with L. repens
and continuing through September with L. hirta and L. capitata.
The Leguminosae as treated here Includes the families or sub-
families with the characteristic fruit known as a "legume" which usu-
ally splits open at maturity, and includes also the Kramer iaceae
whose fruits do not split as do legumes. The principal subfamilies
are: the mimosa subfamily, Mimosoideae; the cassia or senna sub-
family, Caesalpinf oideae; and the pea and bean subfamily,
Papi Iionoideae.
A complete leguminous flora has never been compiled for Arkan-
sas, but from an examination of the floras of adjacent states there
are indications that nearly 175 species may be found in the uplands
of the state. This number may even mount higher If there are in-
cluded several subspecies and varieties which are sometimes ranked
as species. The principal reason for a large number of species In
this part of Arkansas is that there is an Intermingling of types
due to the Influence of the prairies on the northwest, the deciduous
forests on the north and northeast and the coastal plain on the east
and south.
The list of species which follows is by no means complete.
Since the author's collection needs checking against type specimens,
and since the naming of some specimens in the herbarium of the Uni-
versity of Arkansas requires verification, the list of species will
need revision after a more thorough study has been made and after
more extensive collecting has been done. Nothing less than a mono-
graphic study of some of the genera would clear up the confusion In
which some of the species are placed. The genus Lespedeza is a
notable example. With the four manuals at hand which Include or
border on this area the author found it impossible to Identify a
large number of specimens of Lespedeza. The individuals vary so
much that all gradations may be found from one species to another.
The species marked with an asterisk (*) are represented In the
22
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 11
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/11
23
author's collection, while most of these and all the unmarked
species are represented in the herbarium of the University of
Arkansas. A brief examination of that herbarium revealed 36 genera
and 97 species of legumes from the uplands of Arkansas, while the
author's collection contains 32 genera and 74 species. The present
list includes 37 genera and 115 species. Authority citations omitted
from the plant names are as in Gray's "New Manual of Botany" (7th
ed.). Where that work cannot be followed, the authority citations
are given in this list.
LIST OF SPECIES
*Acacia angusti ssima (Mill.) Kuntze, A. Farnesiana (L.) Willd.,
Amorpha canescens, A. croceolanata Wats., *A. fruticosa, *A. fruticosa
var. angustifol ia, A. glabra Desf., A. nitens F. E. Boynton, Amphi-
carpa comosa (L.) Nieuwl. & Lunell, Apios tuberosa, *Astragalus
canadensis. *A. distortus, *A. mexicanus, Baptisia australis, B.
bracteata (probably leucophaea), *B. lanceolata Walt., *B. leucantha,
*B. leucophaea Nutt., *B. leucophaea var. glabrescens, *B. sphaero-
carpa Nutt.,*B. stricta, B. sulphurea Engelm., Cassia compressa
Gray, *C. fascicu lata Michx.,C. mari landica, *C. Medsgeri, *C. nlct?-
tans L., *C. Tora. *Cercis canadensis, Cladrastis lutea, *CIitor ia
mariana, *Crotalaria sagittalis.
Dalea lanta Spreng., *Desmanthus i11 inoensi s,*D. luteus Benth.,
;Desmodi um bracteosum, D. canadense, *D. canescens, D. cuspidatum
T. & G., D. Dillen ii, *D. grandi florum, *D. laevigatum, *D. marilandi-
cum, +D. nudiflorum, *D. obtusum, +D. panicu latum, 0. pauc iflorum,
*D. rigidum, *D. rotundifol ium, *D. sessi Iifolium, D. strictum, D.
viridiflorum, *Galactia regularis. G. volubilis, Gleditsia aquatica,
*G. triacanthos, *Gymnoc ladus dioica, Hosackia americana,*Lathyrus
pus i1 1u s Ell., L. venosus.
*Lespedeza bicolor Turcz, *L. capitata, *L. frutescens, *L.hirta,
*L. hlrta var. longifolia, *L. procumbens, *L. repens, *L. sericea,
*L. simulata, *L. striata (Thunb.) H.& A., L. Stuyel, *L. violacea,
*L. virginica, *Medicago arabica, *M. hispida, M. lupulina, *Melilo-
tus alba, M. officinalis, Oxytropis Lamberti, *Petalostemum candi-
dum, *P. purpureum, *Phaseolus polystachyus, Psoralea esculenta,
*P. pedunculata, *P. simplex Nutt.
*Rynchosia latifolia, R. tomentosa, *Robini a hispida, *R. Pseudo-Acacia, *Schrankia angustata, *S. uncinata, *Sesbania macrocarpa,
*Strophosty les helvola, *S. pauciflora, *Sty losanthes biflora,
*Tephrosia onobrychoides Nutt.,T. spicata, *T. virginiana, Trifolium
agrarium, *T. arvense, *T. carol inianum, T. dubium, T. hybridum, T.
incarnatum, *T. pratense, *T. procumbens, *T. reflexum, *T. repens,
Vicia americana, V. angustifol ia, *V. caroliniana, V. micrantha
Nutt., V. sativa L.,Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth., Wisteria
macrostachya .
Summary
A brief discussion is presented on the ecologic, taxonomic, and
economic features of the leguminous plants of the uplands occupying
the northwestern half of Arkansas. The list of 37 genera and 115
species Is compiled from the author's collection and from the speci-
mens in the herbarium of the University of Arkansas collected In
this part of the state. The geographic position of this area and its
variety of ecological habitats Indicate that it may yield nearly 175
species of legumes.
23
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 11
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
24
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 11
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/11


Preliminary Report on the Legumes of the Arkansas Uplands

Check List of the Ligneous Flora of Arkansas

Roberts, L. B.

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science 
Volume 1 Article 21 
1941 
Automatic Still from Stock Glassware 
L. B. Roberts 
University of Arkansas at Monticello 
Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas 
 Part of the Water Resource Management Commons 
Recommended Citation 
Roberts, L. B. (1941) "Automatic Still from Stock Glassware," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of 
Science: Vol. 1 , Article 21. 
Available at: https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/21 
This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC 
BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or 
use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. 
This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion 
in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more 
information, please contact scholar@uark.edu. 
I
69
AN AUTOMATIC STILL FROM STOCK GLASSWARE
L. B. Roberts, Arkansas Agricultural and Mechanical College,
Monticello
The author wishes to pass on to others any Ideas they may
find useful of those developed in constructing an automatic water
still from material at hand.
After some preliminary experience with a still of about one
quart per hour capacity using a gas-heated hypsometer from the
physics equipment as the. boiler, an electrically heated still of
some two liters per hour capacity was set up. Aninverted 5-11ter
pyrex balloon flask serves as the boiler. A water inlet, an
overflow, a drain, a steam delivery tube, and two electrical
wires pass through the rubber stopper.
The water inlet delivers hot water from the condenser
system into a Jacket around the constant level overflow tube,
from which water needed to replace evaporation and "bleeding
flows out into the boiler proper. The excess overflows into a
leaking can which carries a float. The float in turn carries
mercury Into which two wires dip and close the circuit when the
can Is full. Iffor any reason the water supply should fail,
the leaking of the can willallow the float to fall and shut off
the power from the boiler.
A Woulfe bottle several feet above the boiler and furnished
with a constant level overflow supplies water at a constant
pressure. The water passes in series through three condensers
and then to the boiler. The first of the condensers (the last
reached by the distillate) serves only to cool the distilled
water after condensation In the other two, and before dropping
Into the carboy that is used for a reservoir.
To prevent the accumulation of a high concentration of
solids in the boiler water, a small "bleeder" tube is provided
which allows water to drip through a Jet at a rate about half
that of the distillate. This serves also as a drain for the
boiler after the operation is suspended.
The heating element in the boiler consists of a coil of bare
chromel wire
—
about one third of a hot-plate replacement coll
—
supported out of contact with the walls of the boiler flask,
and completely immersed when in operation. Its power consumption
is about 1500 watts.
With internal heating the glass (pyrex) walls of the boiler
have proved to be sufficient Insulation, so "it is possible to
leave the interior of the boiler exposed to full view, making
Inspection easy at all times.
(This is a condensation of the paper presented at the 1941 meeting)
70
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 21
Published by Arkansas Academy of Science, 1941
71
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 1 [1941], Art. 21
https://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol1/iss1/21


Automatic Still from Stock Glassware

Research shows that students who demonstrate low reading achievement in 3rd grade have trouble catching back up to grade level and being successful in school, compared to their peers who demonstrate early proficiency (Fiester 2010; Hernandez 2011; Juel 1988). This report seeks to investigate what happens to Arkansas public school students who demonstrate low achievement in reading in 3rd grade. Reading scores from three cohorts of students are followed from 3rd grade until high school, beginning with data from the 2008-09 school year and continuing through 2016-17

Not a member yet

Proceedings of the Arkansas Academy of Science - Volume 1 1941

25th Annual Meeting, 1941. Minutes

Past Officers of the Academy

Check List of the Grasses of Arkansas

Past and Present Members of the Academy

Preliminary Report on the Legumes of the Arkansas Uplands

Check List of the Ligneous Flora of Arkansas

Automatic Still from Stock Glassware

Long-Term Outcomes of Low-Achieving Third Grade Readers

18,370

19,829