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Decriminalizing Disease: A Health Justice Approach to Infectious Diseases and Criminal Law
Get PDFInfectious diseases, also called communicable diseases, are largely a public health issue and should not be criminalized. This Article seeks to re-frame the discussion around the legal framework for infectious diseases in a way that moves beyond a punishment mindset and toward a health justice mindset. The focus in this Article is on health justice rather than traditional understandings of public health, defined as the science and practice of improving the health of people and their communities. The Article makes three novel contributions. First, it applies a health justice framework to the critique of infectious disease criminalization. Second, the Article assesses the implications of recent efforts to repeal or reform laws criminalizing HIV. Third, this Article examines the criminalization of infectious diseases other than HIV, in particular, hepatitis and COVID-19. Part I discusses the history of the criminalization of HIV through the lens of health justice. Part II provides an overview of current laws enabling HIV criminalization (in the following referred to as HIV criminalization laws) and describes the use of these laws in recent years. Part III considers how criminal laws have been applied to infectious diseases such as viral hepatitis and COVID-19 and explores the ramifications of these applications. The Article concludes with some takeaway lessons for public health and criminal law
Tokugawa Nationalism: The Decline of Chûgoku and the Restoration of Traditional Identity
No full textThis paper discusses the rise of Japanese nationalism as a response to Confucian centering around Chinese superiority and the rigidity of the Japanese class system
Bacillus Isolate Compositions and Methods of Using and Producing the Same
No full textThe present invention provides Bacillus isolates, as well as probiotic and animal feed compositions comprising said isolates, which may be included in the diet of poultry to improve growth performance with reduced energy diets. Methods of using these compositions to improve nutritional uptake or to reduce the incidence of footpad dermatitis in poultry are also provided
Rice Cultivar \u27ARoma 22\u27
No full textA rice cultivar designated ARoma 22 is disclosed herein. The present invention provides seeds, plants, and plant parts derived from rice cultivar ARoma 22. Further, it provides methods for producing a rice plant by crossing ARoma 22 with itself or another rice variety. The invention also encompasses any rice seeds, plants, and plant parts produced by the methods disclosed herein, including those in which additional traits have been transferred into ARoma 22 through the introduction of a transgene or by breeding ARoma 22 with another rice cultivar
Consumptive Vampires: Notes on Nineteenth-Century Blood-Drinkers
No full textFrom the late 19th century, newspapers reported of incidences where blood-drinking was used as a potential cure for disease. This paper explores this report and investigates this behavior among consumptives at the time
