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The Influence of Physical Activity and Carbohydrate Management on Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes: Exploring the Potential of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Care
Get PDFPurpose: Managing Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) involves balancing mental health, diet, and physical activity (PA). For T1DM patients, maintaining stable glucose levels is difficult due to the risk of both low blood sugar after meals (postprandial hypoglycemia) and complications from high blood sugar (hyperglycemia). This study explores how PA influences glucose regulation and examines carbohydrate intake strategies, control methods, and the potential role of artificial intelligence (AI) in diabetes management.
Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of studies on exercise, diet, and glycemic control in T1DM patients was conducted. Data from meta-analyses, randomized trials, and observational studies were sourced from PubMed, Google Scholar, and ResearchGate.
Findings: Regular PA improves glycemic control, lowering glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin needs, and body mass index (BMI). Structured high-intensity exercise programs lasting over 24 weeks are particularly effective for glycemic control. However, fear of hypoglycemia and work schedules can be barriers. Aerobic exercise reduces visceral fat, while anaerobic exercise enhances glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Therapeutic Benefits in Renal Function, Cardiovascular Risk, and Physical Activity - A Systematic Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Type 2 diabetes is one of the greatest challenges of modern medicine. Its growing prevalence and numerous complications, especially cardiovascular ones, demand constant improvement of treatment strategies. Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in these patients, highlighting the importance of therapies that address both glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk.
Aim of the study: This paper discusses the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) and analyses recent data on their impact on cardiovascular risk, renal function, and interaction with physical activity. Key clinical trials and practical applications in daily practice are also presented.
State of knowledge: GLP-1 RAs are well-established in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. They effectively lower glucose levels and reduce body weight while offering cardiovascular and nephroprotective benefits. Their role is particularly significant in patients with chronic kidney disease. Emerging data also suggest possible applications beyond diabetology, including neurology and cardiology.
Material and methods: A PubMed search was conducted using relevant keywords for studies available up to March 2025. Only English-language publications were included. After title and abstract screening, full texts of eligible articles were analysed.
Conclusions: GLP-1 RAs are a valuable part of therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. They improve glycaemic control, support weight loss, and reduce cardiovascular and renal risk. Their safety profile allows for combination with other drugs. When used alongside physical activity, they can significantly enhance health outcomes and quality of life
Effect of myo-inositol and d-chiro-inositol on improving hormonal, metabolic and reproductive parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A review of studies
Get PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a leading cause of anovulatory infertility, affecting 6–12% of women of reproductive age. It is characterized by hormonal and metabolic disturbances, including insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, and dyslipidemia, which significantly impair reproductive function and overall health. Effective management of PCOS requires a multifactorial approach combining pharmacotherapy, dietary intervention, and physical activity. This literature review aims to evaluate the therapeutic potential of inositol, particularly myo-inositol (MI), in the treatment of PCOS, with a focus on its impact on metabolic, hormonal, and reproductive parameters. Scientific articles published within the last 10 years were selected from PubMed and Google Scholar using specific keywords related to inositol supplementation in PCOS. The analysis demonstrates that MI supplementation improves insulin sensitivity, lowers androgen levels, enhances follicular development, and improves oocyte quality. Furthermore, combination therapy with MI and metformin yields superior outcomes compared to monotherapy, including improved menstrual regularity, reduced hyperandrogenic symptoms, and increased conception rates. Evidence also suggests enhanced outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization (IVF), following MI use. The combined application of MI, D-chiro-inositol, metformin, and lifestyle modifications appears to exert a synergistic effect, optimizing hormonal balance and fertility, while also mitigating long-term metabolic and cardiovascular risks in women with PCOS
Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Online Attention to Community Education: An Analysis of Baidu Index Data
Get PDFThis study employs the Baidu Index to analyze search behaviors related to community education from 2011 to 2024 using big data analysis. Based on the analysis of search trends, demand mapping, and demographic characteristics, it is found that community education has shown a continuous upward trend over time, with regional development imbalances in spatial distribution. The demand for community education is diversified, with the primary audience being women aged 20-49. In the future, community education needs to continue efforts in policy support, resource integration, and digital development to meet the growing learning needs of residents and promote the construction of a learning society
Hereditary hemochromatosis: pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis and current treatment - literature review
Get PDFIntroduction:
Hereditary hemochromatosis is the most common genetic disorder in Northern Europe. It involves an overload of iron in the tissues due to a deficiency of the protein hepcidin. 85-90% of cases are associated with homozygous mutations of the C282Y gene in the HFE gene. Symptoms are nonspecific and include cardiac disorders, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, diabetes, hypogonadism and sexual dysfunction, and arthritis. The diagnosis of the disease is based on demonstrating elevated serum ferritin levels and transferrin saturation, as well as identifying the mutation responsible for hereditary hemochromatosis. Early diagnosis is crucial in preventing permanent organ complications. Treatment methods include phlebotomy, therapeutic erythrocytophoresis, and the use of iron chelating drugs. Early detected and properly treated hemochromatosis allows for a lifespan comparable to the general population.
Aim:
The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive summary of the etiology, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of hereditary hemochromatosis with an emphasis on the importance of early detection and treatment of the disease.
Review methods:
A thorough analysis of several dozen research studies from recent years on hereditary hemochromatosis and its complications was conducted. Studies available in PUBMED were reviewed, the following keywords were used to search for sources: hemochromatosis; iron; hepcidin; phlebotomy; deferoxamine; therapeutic erythrocytapheresis.
Conclusion:
Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disease that in most patients runs a covert course. If unrecognized and untreated, it carries many life-threatening complications
High-intensity interval training in Diabetes Mellitus: A short systematic review
Get PDFIn recent decades, diabetes has become a prominent health concern in the developed world, with numerous researchers suggesting that it should be designated as the pandemic of the 21st century. Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are on the rise, yet the latter poses a particularly significant threat. It is important to note that in a substantial number of cases, the underlying risk factors for type 2 diabetes are amenable to modification, highlighting the potential for preventative strategies. A major contributing factor is low physical activity, which significantly impedes disease control once it has developed.HIIT has been identified as a potentially effective and time-saving physical activity alternative for people with and at risk of diabetes. A comprehensive analysis of 12 papers from the 513 papers in the PubMed database was conducted, highlighting the substantial benefits of HIIT, including the immediate reduction in glucose levels post-training and the enhancement of the daily glycaemic profile due to increased insulin sensitivity of tissues. Similar observations were made regarding the reduction in systolic blood pressure and pro-inflammatory cytokines
The effects of vitamin C supplementation on oxidative and immune response and post exercises inflammation: Vitamin C in health and physical performance - critical review
Get PDFAscorbic acid, also called vitamin C is the one of the exogenous vitamins, functioning in human body as ascorbate and affecting many body systems. In presented revive we try to show most of the well-known, and importance proprieties of this compound focusing mainly on its role in health and physical activity.
Interaction of this antioxidant with many other compounds and body tissues revels its free radicals scavenging properties and the main possible role in body functioning. However, the benefits of using this vitamin are still controversial and the presented properties, like those of many other antioxidants, are questioned. On the other had high safety of use and vilely known properties sill indicate that this vitamin may have potential use in sport and health.
In presented work we tried to focus mainly on the properties of this vitamin in context of exercise depended demands and how high vitamin C consumption affects general health of different population and how it can be useful type of supplementation in physical activity
Improving Reproductive Outcomes in PCOS: The Emerging Role of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists
Get PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting a significant proportion of women of reproductive age. It is associated with infertility, metabolic abnormalities, and hormonal imbalances, including insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), such as exenatide and liraglutide, have shown promise in improving reproductive outcomes in women with PCOS. This review evaluates the potential benefits of GLP-1 RAs in enhancing fertility, with a focus on menstrual regularity, ovulation rates, pregnancy rates, and metabolic outcomes. Studies have indicated that GLP-1 RAs improve insulin sensitivity, reduce BMI, waist circumference, and testosterone levels, and contribute to higher natural pregnancy rates. Despite the promising results, the long-term safety of GLP-1 RAs, particularly during pregnancy, remains uncertain. Patients using GLP-1 RAs are advised to use contraception, as the safety profile during pregnancy is still under investigation. Further research is necessary to establish the long-term effects and safety of these medications in women with PCOS. Overall, GLP-1 RAs offer a potential therapeutic approach for improving fertility and metabolic health in women with PCOS
A Review of Strategies for Achieving Simultaneous Muscle Mass Gain, Maintenance, or Minimal Loss During Fat Reduction: Insights from the Last 5 Years
Get PDFIntroductionBody recomposition, defined as the simultaneous reduction of fat mass and the gain or maintenance of muscle mass, is considered a metabolic challenge due to the opposing processes of catabolism and anabolism. Traditionally, it has been thought that these two goals are difficult to reconcile. However, new analyses suggest that with the application of appropriate dietary and training strategies, achieving recomposition is possible.
Materials and Methods
The work used the rapid review method. This review integrates findings from studies published between 2019 and 2024, sourced from the PubMed platform, which consists of multiple databases. Keywords used included “body recomposition,” “muscle gain,” “fat loss,” “high-protein diet,” and “resistance training.”
ResultsStudies consistently show that certain strategies can support the maintenance or even increase of muscle mass during caloric restriction and fat loss.
ConclusionsThrough a strategic combination of dietary and training interventions, significant improvements in muscle and fat tissue can be achieved. These findings provide practical guidance for clinical and athletic applications, though further analyses are necessary to refine protocols for specific clinical groups.
 
The Impact of pregnancy and birth-related risk factors on the incidence of developmental dysplasia of the hip in newborns
Get PDFIntroduction: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a multifactorial condition that, if untreated, can lead to long-term complications such as early-onset osteoarthritis and disability. Risk factors, including breech presentation, family history, female sex, firstborn status, high birth weight, and oligohydramnios, are associated with 50–60% of DDH cases. Screening approaches vary, with selective and universal ultrasound strategies in use. This review examines DDH risk factors related to birth and pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and timely intervention to improve patient outcomes.
Aim of study: This review explores current knowledge on risk factors for developmental dysplasia of the hip related to birth and pregnancy, highlighting their role in enhancing early diagnosis and timely intervention for affected newborns.
Material and methods:A systematic review of PubMed literature (2019–2024) was conducted using the terms "DDH," "Risk factors," and either "pregnancy" or "birth," with studies manually screened for relevance and credibility,
Results and conclusion: Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is the most common musculoskeletal disorder in infants, with risk factors including breech presentation, oligohydramnios, primiparity, high birth weight, and uterine scarring. Breech positioning and restricted fetal movements due to low amniotic fluid volume can impair hip joint development. Primiparity and high birth weight may also contribute to DDH by increasing mechanical pressure on the hip. This review analyzes pregnancy-related risk factors for DDH and highlights the importance of early diagnosis through selective screening to improve neonatal outcome