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Evictionism is Either Redundant or Contradicts Libertarianism: Response to Walter Block on Abortion
Get PDFThe present paper is a response to Walter Block’s critique (Block 2024, 57–66) of our recent argument (Dominiak & Wysocki 2023, 527–540) against his theory of partial impermissibility of abortion called evictionism. This time, however, instead of targeting Block’s thesis that the unwanted fetus is a trespasser again, we take it for granted – merely arguendo, to be sure – and argue that even if this problematic thesis is admitted, evictionism should still be rejected as either unlibertarian or redundant vis-à-vis the otherwise well-established doctrine of killing and letting die. Our main argument focuses on the problematic nature of eviction and shows that requiring eviction as the gentlest method of stopping the unwanted fetus’s invasion of the woman’s rights involves burdening her with positive duties, an anathema to libertarianism. Presumably, the notion of eviction could be interpreted in a way that does not introduce positive duties into libertarianism. However, then eviction would be reduced to letting the fetus die, rendering the entire project of evictionism essentially superfluous as compared with the age-old doctrine of doing and allowing.The present paper is a response to Walter Block’s critique (Block 2024, 57–66) of our recent argument (Dominiak & Wysocki 2023, 527–540) against his theory of partial impermissibility of abortion called evictionism. This time, however, instead of targeting Block’s thesis that the unwanted fetus is a trespasser again, we take it for granted – merely arguendo, to be sure – and argue that even if this problematic thesis is admitted, evictionism should still be rejected as either unlibertarian or redundant vis-à-vis the otherwise well-established doctrine of killing and letting die. Our main argument focuses on the problematic nature of eviction and shows that requiring eviction as the gentlest method of stopping the unwanted fetus’s invasion of the woman’s rights involves burdening her with positive duties, an anathema to libertarianism. Presumably, the notion of eviction could be interpreted in a way that does not introduce positive duties into libertarianism. However, then eviction would be reduced to letting the fetus die, rendering the entire project of evictionism essentially superfluous as compared with the age-old doctrine of doing and allowing
In search of a new quality of urban living. A contemporary vision of the garden-city and its derivatives: new challenges and solutions for self-containment in urban areas
Get PDFThe article discusses research on the ideal place of residence for modern individuals, based on theoretical concepts and urban housing estates designed with self-containment and Howard's 1898 garden city concept in mind. The paper presents a comparative analysis of theoretical designs and contemporary implementations related to urban agriculture principles influenced by Howard's concept. A typology of theoretical solutions is developed and compared to built facilities, revealing differences and reasons for their creation
Determinants and problems of well-being of farming population in Poland and local social innovations in rural areas
Get PDFThe article aims to identify the determinants of well-being of the farming population in Poland. The paper also presents ways to improve the quality of life of farmers through social innovations implemented in Tuchola county and in five municipalities of Hajnówka and Białystok counties. The study was primarily based on a literature review and research materials mainly from individual in-depth interviews and focus group interviews conducted with farmers and key informants. Initial research revealed several specific determinants affecting farmers’ well-being; subsequent analysis enabled them to be grouped into four broad categories: spatial and temporal access to health and social services; access to internet and digital solutions; farm succession; and levels of trust and cooperation. Finally, each specific determinant was then mapped to the components of well-being (physical, mental, social) that it impacted most directly. In-depth analysis showed that social innovations related to diversifying farmer’ activities, integrating them with the local community, and offering mobile social and healthcare services were solutions that positively influence farmers’ well-being
Inne oblicze Augusta III – introwertyk na tronie
Get PDFZ listów cesarskiego ambasadora Heinricha Wilhelma hr. von Wilczka, który zimą 1734 r. towarzyszył w Krakowie królowi Augustowi III i jego małżonce królowej Marii Józefie sporo dowiadujemy się o życiu codziennym polsko-saskiego dworu podczas pobytu na Wawelu. Szczególnie interesujące są zawarte w jednym z listów Wilczka wynurzenia królowej Marii Józefy, pozwalające bliżej określić niektóre cechy osobowości Augusta III. Podczas balu na Wawelu w poniedziałek 26 stycznia 1734 r, podeszła ona do ambasadorowej hrabiny Marii Charlotty Wilczek skarżąc się na postępowanie Augusta III, który nalega na jej szybki wyjazd do Saksonii. Przy tej okazji wskazała na niektóre cechy charakteru Augusta III. Maria Józefa stwierdziła, że królowi odpowiadałby jej wyjazd do Drezna, gdyż pod jej nieobecność nie musiałby tak bardzo udzielać się publicznie. Królowa powiedziała, że dobrze wie jak trudno jest nakłonić Augusta III do takich wystąpień. W komentarzu do tej informacji ambasador Wilczek napisał, że Maria Józefa cieszy się dużym zaufaniem i popularnością wśród polskich dam i ma z nimi bardzo dobry kontakt. Zgodnie z teorią osobowości słynnego szwajcarskiego psychologa Carla Junga Augusta III należałoby zaliczyć do introwertyków, a ścisłe przestrzeganie dworskiej etykiety ułatwiało mu codzienne funkcjonowanie. W przeciwieństwie do męża to królowa Maria Józefa prowadziła aktywne życie towarzyskie, ułatwiając do siebie dostęp innym ludziom z kręgów dworsko-szlacheckich, wydając przyjęcia, grając w karty i tańcząc (będąc nawet w zaawansowanej ciąży!)
W trudzie, zniechęceniu i w niesprzyjających okolicznościach… : O powstawaniu pewnej książki słów kilka
Get PDFJacek Staszewski was undoubtedly one of the most prominent Polish historians who focused on the first half of the 18th century. This article aims to present the circumstances surrounding the creation of the monograph on the Polish presence in Dresden in the 18th century, authored by the historian from Toruń, although the content of the book itself, or the interpretation of its theses, are not the subject of discussion here. During the preparation of the book, Jacek Staszewski encountered a number of difficulties related to certain events in which he was directly involved, i.e. the emergence of the Solidarity trade union in 1980, followed by the necessity to resign from the position of director of the Institute of History and Archival Studies at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, as well as from the position of head of the Doctoral Studies Department. Additionally, some of his colleagues at the institute frequently showed disloyalty towards him. These facts resulted in the writing, publication, and printing of the book taking over eight years, which even by the standards of the Polish People’s Republic was a very long wait. The outcome in the form of a monograph on the Polish presence in the capital of the Electorate of Saxony is extremely important for Polish historiography, as well as for Jacek Staszewski himself, but it must be remembered that these years cost him many sacrifices, disappointments, and much discouragement.Jacek Staszewski należał bez wątpienia do grona najwybitniejszych polskich historyków zajmujących się pierwszą połową XVIII stulecia. W niniejszym artykule starano się przedstawić okoliczności powstawania monografii o obecności Polaków w Dreźnie w XVIII w. autorstwa toruńskiego historyka, choć treść samej książki, czy interpretacja zawartych w niej tez nie są przedmiotem rozważań. W toku pracy nad przygotowaniem publikacji Jacek Staszewski napotykał na szereg trudności związanych zarówno w wydarzeniami, który był bezpośrednim uczestnikiem: powstanie NSZZ „Solidarność” w 1980 r., konieczność rezygnacji w funkcji dyrektora Instytutu Historii i Archiwistyki Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu oraz ze stanowiska kierownika Studium Doktoranckiego. Dochodziły do tego bardzo liczne przejawy nielojalności części kolegów z instytutu. Fakty te spowodowały, że pisanie książki, jej wydanie oraz druk trwały ponad 8 lat, co nawet jak na standardy PRL-u było bardzo długim oczekiwaniem. Efekt w postaci monografii o obecności Polaków w stolicy Elektoratu Saksonii jest niezwykle ważny dla dorobku polskiej historiografii jak też i samego Jacka Staszewskiego, ale trzeba pamiętać, że lata te kosztowały go wiele wyrzeczeń, rozczarowań i zniechęcenia.
 
Terminologia związana z tzw. potrąceniami z wynagrodzenia za pracę. Glosa do wyroku Sądu Najwyższego z dnia 8 marca 2023 r., I PSKP 32/22
Get PDFThis gloss is devoted to the problem of nomenclature related to the so-called deductions from remuneration for work. The author presents the judgment of the Supreme Court and the facts of the case, based on which the commented judgment was issued. In principle, he approves the position taken by the Supreme Court. However, he questions the terminology used in the thesis of the judgment under review. This is because the law does not contain a legal definition – “deduction from remuneration for work”. The commented judgment also does not define this term. At the same time, the Supreme Court, in the thesis of the judgment under review, used the phrase “deductions” referring to remuneration for work. The analysis of the legislation led the glossator to the conclusion that the Supreme Court used the analysed term not in a legal, but in a lexical or juridical sense.Niniejszą glosę poświęcono problematyce nazewnictwa dotyczącego tzw. potrąceń z wynagrodzenia za pracę. Autor prezentuje wyrok Sądu Najwyższego oraz stan faktyczny sprawy, na podstawie którego wydano komentowane orzeczenie. Zasadniczo wyraża aprobatę co do stanowiska zajętego przez Sąd Najwyższy. Kwestionuje jednak wykorzystaną w tezie glosowanego wyroku terminologię. Przepisy prawa nie zawierają bowiem legalnej definicji pojęcia „potrącenie z wynagrodzenia za pracę”. W komentowanym orzeczeniu również nie zdefiniowano tego terminu. Jednocześnie Sąd Najwyższy, w tezie glosowanego wyroku, posłużył się zwrotem „potrącenia” odniesionym do wynagrodzenia za pracę. Analiza przepisów doprowadziła glosatora do wniosku, że Sąd Najwyższy użył analizowanego pojęcia nie w znaczeniu prawnym, ale leksykalnym albo prawniczym
Scrutamini Scripturas (Jn 5:39): Quelques remarques sur l'approche confessante de l'exégèse biblique de Thomas d'Aquin
Get PDFThe biblical exegesis of Thomas Aquinas is scientific, but at the same time it is fundamentally the work of a man of faith. To fully understand Scripture, one must believe in the divine inspiration of Scripture, have faith in the Holy Spirit who teaches man inwardly, and adhere to Christ. By following the Dominican's commentary on 2 Tim 3:15–17, we can describe precisely this confessional aspect of his biblical exegesis.L'exégèse biblique de Thomas d'Aquin est scientifique mais elle est en même temps fondamentalement le travail d'un homme de foi. Il faut croire en l'inspiration divine des Écritures, avoir foi en l'Esprit saint qui enseigne l'homme intérieurement et adhérer au Christ pour comprendre pleinement l'Écriture. En suivant le commentaire que le dominicain fait de 2 Tim 3,15-17, nous pouvons caractériser cette dimension confessante de son exégèse biblique
Teaching Students with Disabilities: Perceived Teacher Competences
Get PDFThe modern teacher should be equipped with competences necessary to meet the educational needs of all students, including those with special educational needs, also those with disabilities. The components of teachers’ competences include knowledge, skills, and attitudes. The level of these competences may impact students’ academic achievements.
The aim of the study presented in this paper was to assess teachers’ professional competences in working with students with and without disabilities in different types of schools (mainstream, integrated and special) with Polish students. The analyses considered sociodemographic and work-related variables in teachers. The quantitative data were collected from 416 teachers using The Survey of Perceived Professional Teaching Competences. The conducted analysis related to five categories of professional competences: evaluative, psychological, innovative, communicative as well as substantive-methodological. In the analyses, the Wilcoxon paired rank-order test, the rank-sum correlation coefficient for matched pairs (rc), Kendall’s tau, and the rpb point-sum correlation coefficient were used. Teachers rated their evaluative competences to work with students with disabilities higher than their competences to work with typically-developing students, and the students’ disability (or lack of it) was the most significant for the perception of their own competence in special education teachers. Statistically significant correlations between the evaluation of their own professional competence and selected sociodemographic variables (four) were found only in teachers of mainstream and special schools (one). Implications for practice are discussed
Lista recenzentek i recenzentów „Przeglądu Badań Edukacyjnych” w 2024 roku
Get PDFList of reviewers of “Educational Studies Review”in 2024List of reviewers of “Educational Studies Review”in 2024Lista recenzentek i recenzentów „Przeglądu BadańEdukacyjnych” w 2024 rokuList of reviewers of “Educational Studies Review”in 202
The oxygen concentration in near-bottom water shapes the structure of macrozoobenthos in the bradymictic Lake Urowiec
Get PDFThis research aimed to study the horizontal changes of macrozoobenthos structure and several abiotic parameters of water and bottom sediments along with increasing depth in the bradymictic Lake Urowiec. The samples were taken on six dates from April to October 2001, almost at monthly intervals, at the following depths: 2.5m, 5m, 7m, 9m, 10m, 11m, 15m, 20m and 30m. The high number of taxa and diversity (Shannon index) of bottom fauna were found only at depths of 2.5m (34 and 1.98, respectively) and 5m (27 and 2.18, respectively). From a depth of 9m, there were almost exclusively Chaoborus sp. larvae. The zoobenthos density decreased with depth from 2247 ind. m-2 at a depth of 2.5m to 200 ind. m-2 at 30m depth. The biomass of bottom fauna ranged from 6.51 g m-2 at a 2.5m depth to 0.43 g m-2 at a depth of 30m. A significant decrease in the diversity and, to a lesser extent, in the abundance of bottom fauna was most likely the consequence of the rapid decline in the water near bottom oxygenation with depth. Starting from a depth of 7 meters and deeper, the average oxygen concentration in the over-bottom water was very low - below 4 mg dm-3