Akademicka Platforma Czasopism
Not a member yet
37874 research outputs found
Sort by
Health prevention in the pediatric population - challenges and recommendations for the future
Get PDFIntroduction and purpose: The aim of this work is to deepen the topic of health prevention and to draw attention to the need for early intervention, a holistic approach to health and cooperation between family, school and health care. Popularization of knowledge about a healthy lifestyle, including breastfeeding, physical activity and prevention of lifestyle diseases, is crucial for the proper development of children and adolescents.
State of knowledge: The contemporary approach to prevention in pediatrics is based on four levels of preventive measures. Primary prevention focuses on eliminating or reducing risk factors for diseases and shaping pro-health habits, such as a healthy diet, physical activity and vaccinations. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection of diseases in their subclinical stages, which allows for faster initiation of treatment and limiting further development of diseases. Tertiary prevention aims to prevent complications and further deterioration of health in people already affected by the disease. This includes rehabilitation, psychological support and control and treatment of chronic diseases. Quaternary prevention, which is gaining importance in recent studies, involves protecting patients from unnecessary medical interventions that may do more harm than good.
Conclusion: Effective prevention in pediatrics requires an integrated approach, including cooperation between parents, teachers, medical personnel and institutions responsible for public health. Adapting activities to local conditions and actively involving children and their caregivers increase the effectiveness of prevention programs. Comprehensive, yet individualized strategies are key to improving the health of the pediatric population and preventing diseases in later stages of life
Digital health interventions in reducing loneliness and improving mental health in older adults - a literature review
Get PDFIntroduction: Loneliness remains a concerning health issue, especially among the older population. It leads to numerous negative psychological and physiological negative health outcomes. Digital health interventions have presented themselves as promising strategies for mitigating loneliness and improving mental health in this demographic group.
Aim of the study: This review aims to evaluate existing literature on select digital health interventions in mitigating loneliness and improving mental well-being in the older population. We aimed to present strengths, limitations and obstacles to adoption of these types of interventions, while providing insights into areas of research which could be more thoroughly explored.
Materials and methods: To write this article, databases such as Scopus, PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the key terms to find relevant information. Studies published between 2009 and 2025 were included.
Conclusions: Digital health interventions, including mHealth apps, virtual reality systems (VR), AI (artificial intelligence) chatbots, companion robots, and video communication platforms have shown potential of mitigating loneliness among older adults. However, the evidence is mixed due to differences in methods of measurement, short duration of follow-up research and obstacles to adoption such as digital literacy, technical barriers and ethical considerations. To fully determine their effectiveness, future studies should implement standardized measurement of outcomes, explore personalized interventions and mitigate the barriers to adoption. Possible risks of overreliance, personal data safety, and discouragement of human relations need to be addressed
Adult Onset Still's Disease - current state of knowledge
Get PDFIntroduction: Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a rare systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. AOSD lies at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity, highlighting the complexity of its pathogenesis. The heterogeneous clinical expression and the lack of specific diagnostic markers contribute to the difficulties in achieving a rapid and accurate diagnosis, necessitating a careful differentiation to exclude malignancies, infections, and other inflammatory conditions. There is no universally established treatment protocol, as new therapeutic options continue to emerge.
Aim of the study: The study aim is to analyse and summarize current state of knowledge about diagnosis and treatment strategies of Adult Onset Still’s Disease.
Methodology: The PubMed database was searched to find scientific articles published between 2020-2025 with free full text available in which the term "Still’s disease" appears in the title or keywords.
Conclusions: Adult-Onset Still’s Disease is a complex autoinflammatory disorder driven by a dysregulated cytokine storm, with infections and genetic predispositions implicated as triggers. It presents variably, from systemic inflammation to chronic arthritis, and can lead to severe complications. While traditional treatments like NSAIDs, corticosteroids, and DMARDs have been used, biologic therapies targeting IL-1 and IL-6 have significantly improved outcomes. Ongoing research aims to refine diagnostics, identify biomarkers, and develop personalized treatments
Modern Strategies in the Pharmacotherapy of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases – A Literature Review
Get PDFIntroduction and Aim:Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are chronic, immune-mediated disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Conventional therapies, such as corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and biologics, do not consistently induce long-term remission and carry a risk of adverse events. This review aims to evaluate and compare three novel small-molecule oral agents—ozanimod, filgotinib, and upadacitinib—in terms of their mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and safety profiles in the treatment of IBD.
Materials and Methods:This study is a literature review based on data from Phase I–III clinical trials and pharmacological analyses retrieved from PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov. Major registration studies (e.g., TRUE NORTH, SELECTION, U-ACHIEVE) and comparative publications on long-term efficacy and safety were included.
Results:Ozanimod has demonstrated efficacy in ulcerative colitis by modulating S1P1 and S1P5 receptors, with a favorable safety profile. Filgotinib, a selective JAK1 inhibitor, offers a good balance between efficacy and low thrombotic risk, particularly in biologic-naive patients. Upadacitinib shows rapid and robust clinical responses, including in treatment-refractory populations, though it requires closer safety monitoring due to potential adverse effects.
Conclusions:Ozanimod, filgotinib, and upadacitinib enrich current IBD treatment strategies. Their distinct pharmacological and safety profiles enable more personalized therapeutic approaches. Further comparative studies and the development of predictive biomarkers are essential for optimizing treatment selection and improving patient outcomes
Features of circulating in the blood desquamated endotheliocytes at the patients with hypertonic disease accompanied by alcoholism
Get PDFIntroduction and aim. Previously, we found the characteristics of desquamated endothelial cells circulating in the blood (CECs) in patients with diabetic angiopathy as well as stage II hypertension accompanied by ischemic heart disease. The literature on the effects of alcohol consumption on the cardiovascular system is mixed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of CECs in patients with hypertonic disease accompanied by alcoholism.
Material and methods. The object of clinical observation was 38 patients of both sexes with stage II hypertension, which in 20 of them was accompanied by chronic alcoholism. The control group consisted of 21 healthy volunteers. The main subject of the study was the levels of blood pressure and CECs. In addition, routine general blood analysis performed and determined metabolic parameters in serum.
Results. It was found that alcoholism is accompanied by minimal for the sample subnormal levels of markedly and terminally altered circulating endothelial cells (ACEC), LDLP cholesterol, triglycerides, prothrombin, Klimov’s and Dobiasova’s&Frolich’s atherogenity indices, ankle-brachial index of blood pressure (as atherogenity marker) as well as glucose, platelets and leukocytes. Instead, such patients have the maximum for the sample levels of HDLP cholesterol, erythrocytes sedimentation rate, body mass index, urea and creatinine. At the same time, the levels of hemoglobin, erythrocytes and cholesterol total as well as negentropy of endotheliocytogram and lipidogram did not differ from the controls, despite the presence of AH II. At the same time, both diastolic and systolic hypertension are less pronounced than in sober patients. Canonical correlation analysis showed that the absolute levels of the three fractions of CECs are determined by a constellation of 11 factors by 66,7%. Instead, the percentage and negetropy of CECs correlate with the registered factors much weaker (R2=0,390). The U-shape relationship between duration of alcohol consumption and number body parameters detected.
Conclusion. Alcohol consumption by patients with arterial hypertension has a significant impact on a number of body parameters, the severity of which depends nonlinearly on the duration of alcoholism
Hemodynamic and tomographic comparisons in patients with migraine
Get PDFA comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination of 104 patients with migraine aged 18 to 44 years was performed using transcranial duplex scanning and magnetic resonance imaging in the groups of patients with migraine without aura (59 patients) and with migraine with aura (45 patients). In migraine with aura, according to magnetic resonance imaging, the presence of hyperintense on T2VI and predominantly isointense on T1VI foci with a diameter of 3 to 12 mm was noted in 53.3% of patients, in the group of migraine without aura, these changes were observed in 28.8% of cases. The predominant localization of the foci was the white matter of the temporal areas of the brain (41.6% of patients with migraine with aura and 35.2% of patients with migraine without aura). Cerebral hemodynamics in the middle cerebral arteries during migraine attacks is characterized by a vasospasm pattern in migraine without aura and a pattern of impaired perfusion in migraine with aura. These changes are mainly observed in patients with 2-3 or more hyperintense foci according to MRI. Also, patients in both groups had excessive blood filling of the superior ophthalmic veins, basal veins of Rosenthal, and direct sinus. Therefore, authors concluded that data obtained emphasize the fundamental diagnostic importance of brain damage comparative evaluation in patients with migraine using informative high-resolution methods of transcranial duplex scanning and magnetic resonance imaging
Drugi po Koperniku. Samuel Thomas von Sömmerring (1755–1830), niedoceniany wybitny uczony i wynalazca z Torunia
Get PDFAufgrund der langjährigen Erfahrung eines Fremdenführers durch Toruń/Thorn fällt mir auf ein starkes Missverhältnis zwischen dem Wissen der Touristen über Nikolaus Kopernikus und dem über Samuel Thomas Sömmerring – einem weiteren herausragenden Wissenschaftler und Erfinder aus dieser Stadt. In meinem Beitrag werde ich Sömmerrings Leistungen vor allem auf dem Gebiet der Anatomie, heute würde man sagen: Neuroanatomie, skizzieren. Eines der Ziele der Arbeit besteht darin, die Rolle der frühen Jahre in seiner Heimatstadt aufzuzeigen und die warme Erinnerung des Gelehrten bis in seine letzten Lebensjahre hinein an das Thorner Gymnasium, dessen Absolvent er war, zu belegen. Ich gehe auch ein auf vermeintliche Bedeutung der Thorner Jahre für Kopernikus Interesse für Astronomie. Ich werde auch umfassendere Vergleiche zwischen diesen beiden aus Thorn aus Toruń Gelehrten anstellen. Darüber hinaus zeige ich Äußerungen der immer noch lebendigen Erinnerung an die Leistungen des Anatomen aus Toruń in der zeitgenössischen Wissenschaft auf und mache auf den Kontrast in den Formen seines Gedenkens zwischen Frankfurt am Main und Toruń aufmerksam, indem ich einige Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung dieser Situation vorschlage.Based on my many years of experience as a Toruń tour guide, I see a strong disproportion between tourists' knowledge of Nicolaus Copernicus and Samuel Thomas Sömmerring, another outstanding scientist and inventor from the city. In the essay I will outline Sömmerring's achievements, primarily in the field of neuroanatomy. One of the aims of the paper is to point out the role of his early years in his hometown and the evidence of the scientist's fond memory, which lasted until the last years of his life, of the Toruń Gymnasium, of which he was a graduate. I will also look at the supposed significance of the Toruń years for Copernicus' interest in astronomy. I will also make wider comparisons between the two scholars who came from Toruń. In addition, I will point to the manifestations of the still vivid memory of the achievements of the neuroanatomist from Toruń in contemporary science and the contrast in the forms of his commemoration between Frankfurt am Main and Toruń, postulating certain measures to improve this situation.Opierając się na wieloletnim doświadczeniu przewodnika po Toruniu dostrzegam silną dysproporcję pomiędzy wiedzą turystów o Mikołaju Koperniku a Samuelu Thomasie Sömmerringu – innym wybitnym uczonym i wynalazcą pochodzącym z tego miasta. W eseju zarysuję osiągnięcia Sömmerringa, przede wszystkim w dziedzinie neuroanatomii. Jednym z celów pracy jest wskazanie roli wczesnych lat spędzonych w rodzinnym mieście oraz dowodów trwającej do ostatnich lat jego życia serdecznej pamięci uczonego o Toruńskim Gimnazjum, którego był absolwentem. Przyjrzę się także przypuszczalnemu znaczeniu lat toruńskich dla zainteresowań Kopernika astronomią. Dokonam również szerszych porównań między tymi dwoma uczonymi pochodzącymi z Torunia. Oprócz tego wskażę na przejawy wciąż żywej pamięci o dokonaniach neuroanatoma z Torunia we współczesnej nauce oraz na kontrast w formach jego upamiętnienia pomiędzy Frankfurtem nad Menem a Toruniem postulując pewne działania na poprawienie tej sytuacji
Społeczne stresory w pracy pielęgniarek a zamiar odejścia z pracy i z zawodu
Get PDFIntroduction. The increasing demand for medical services in an ageing society and the groving average age of Polish nurses stimulate the search for reasons why experienced health care workers are leaving the profession.
Aim. The aim of this study is to determine the degree of nurses’ propensity to leave the profession and to change jobs in the context of social stressors at work, occupational variables including type of hospital ward and subject variables.
Material and Methods. A questionnaire-based anonymous survey was conducted among N=190 nurses. The study used the Roodt scale (TIS-6), the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ), the Questionnaire of Stressors in Nursing (QSN) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).
Results. The intention to change their workplace was indicated by 55.8% of nurses, 12.3% of whom were neurological nurses, and the intention to leave the profession by 6.8% of respondents. The intensity of the intention to leave significantly positively correlated with all the social stressors studied. Nurses who considered leaving the profession were characterized by poorer psychological well-being and experienced negative actions from co-workers and supervisors to a greater extent than those who considered changing jobs.
Conclusions. Social stressors are significantly associated with the intention to leave the profession and change jobs. The social stressor that significantly differentiates neurology nurses from other study participants is the relationship with the patient and his family. Taking care of nurses’ psychological well-being and building cooperation in nursing teams are factors that can prevent leaving the profession. (JNNN 2025;14(1):8–15)Wstęp. Coraz większe zapotrzebowanie na świadczenia medyczne w starzejącym się społeczeństwie i rosnąca średnia wieku polskich pielęgniarek pobudzają do szukania przyczyn odchodzenia z zawodu doświadczonych pracowników służby zdrowia.
Cel. Celem badania jest określenie stopnia skłonności pielęgniarek do odejścia z zawodu i do zmiany miejsca pracy w kontekście społecznych stresorów w pracy, zmiennych zawodowych z uwzględnieniem rodzaju oddziału szpitalnego i zmiennych podmiotowych.
Materiał i metody. Kwestionariuszowe anonimowe badanie przeprowadzono wśród N=190 pielęgniarek. W badaniu wykorzystano skalę Roodta (TIS-6), Kwestionariusz Działań Negatywnych (NAQ), Kwestionariusz Stresorów w pracy Pielęgniarki (KSP) oraz Kwestionariusz Ogólnego Stanu Zdrowia (GHQ-12).
Wyniki. Zamiar zmiany miejsca pracy sygnalizowało 55,8% pielęgniarek z czego 12,3% pielęgniarek neurologicznych, zamiar odejścia z zawodu 6,8% badanych. Intensywność zamiaru odejścia istotnie dodatnio korelowała ze wszystkimi badanymi stresorami społecznymi. Pielęgniarki, które rozważały odejście z zawodu w charakteryzowały się słabszym samopoczuciem psychicznym i w większym stopniu doświadczały negatywnych działań ze strony współpracowników i przełożonych, niż te, które rozważały zmianę miejsca pracy.
Wnioski. Społeczne stresory istotnie są powiązane z zamiarem rezygnacji z zawodu i zmiany miejsca pracy. Społecznym stresorem, który istotnie różnicuje pielęgniarki neurologiczne od pozostałych uczestników badania to relacje z pacjentem i jego rodziną. Troska o kondycję psychiczną pielęgniarek i budowanie współpracy w zespołach pielęgniarskich to czynniki mogące zapobiegać odejściu z zawodu. (PNN 2025;14(1):8–15
Niejasność przepisu jako przesłanka obowiązku podjęcia działalności prawodawczej
Get PDFCelem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie ujawnianej w praktyce niejasności przepisu jako prawne zobowiązanie do podjęcia działalności prawodawczej. Wpierw wykładnia operatywna, doktrynalna i legalna delegowana zostały opisane jako narzędzie rozstrzygania niejasności oraz wskazano mankamenty orzecznictwa i doktryny względem adresata prawa i postulatu jasności prawa, na bazie czego wysunięto wniosek, że działalność prawodawcza stanowi najefektywniejsze narzędzie w zakresie rozstrzygania niejasności. Następnie został wskazany podmiot zobligowany do inicjacji działalności prawodawczej w postaci Prezydenta oraz poczyniono sugestie optymalizacyjne dla tego procesu w zakresie przedmiotu prawodawstwa.
The article's main aim is to define the vagueness of legal provision that appears in practice, as a legal obligation to initiate legislative activity. At first operative, doctrinal and legal delegated interpretation were described as ways to settle the vagueness and the problems of jurisdiction and doctrine towards the addressee of the law and the clarity of law were pointed out. Based on that, the conclusion was that the legislative activity would be most effective. Then the President was pointed as the obliged one to initiate legislative activity and some optimization suggestions in the area of the subject of legislative activity were made
