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The Impact of a Sauna on Post-Exercise Recovery
Get PDFRegeneration of the body after intense exercise is a key element necessary for the proper process of improving performance and achieving better results in strength training. One of the most important issues in any athlete is the uninterrupted continuation of training and the most optimal regeneration of tissues and the body, which is essential for further improvement of skills and development in a given sport. There are a number of methods to support the repair processes of tissues and help the body fight injuries and micro-injuries that occur during exercise and are an indispensable part of building strength and muscle mass. An example that has recently become very popular in the sports environment is the use of saunas characterized by thermal properties, through which it is possible to influence physiological processes that accelerate the return to form and achieve better results in sports competitions. This form not only helps tissue regeneration, but also relaxes and calms the body, which is stimulated during sports and requires calming afterwards
The Genetic Basis of Congenital Cataracts: Advances in Diagnostics and Therapeutics
Get PDFCongenital cataracts, a significant cause of childhood blindness, result from genetic mutations, syndromic associations, and environmental factors, with autosomal dominant inheritance and mutations in genes like CRYAA and GJA8 being prevalent. This study reviewed literature from 2000 to 2023 on genetic etiology, surgical management, and emerging therapies. Genetic mutations in structural proteins such as crystallins and connexins account for over half of cases, emphasizing the critical role of early surgical intervention, particularly intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in children over two years old. Emerging approaches, including gene therapy and pharmacological interventions like small-molecule chaperones, hold promise for addressing underlying genetic causes. While surgical techniques and postoperative care have advanced, challenges like complications persist. Advances in genetic testing and innovative therapies are reshaping the field, offering the potential for improved outcomes and personalized treatments. Continued research is necessary to refine these strategies and enhance accessibility globally
Comprehensive Insights into De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis: From Etiology to Rehabilitation
Get PDFDe Quervain's tenosynovitis, a common condition affecting the first dorsal compartment of the wrist, is characterized by pain, swelling, and restricted tendon mobility, often resulting from repetitive manual tasks or biomechanical strain. This review integrates insights from three recent studies, emphasizing the multifactorial etiology, advanced diagnostic techniques, and evolving treatment modalities. Etiological factors include mechanical strain, anatomical variations, and degenerative changes, with ultrasonography emerging as a critical tool for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and guiding therapeutic strategies. Conservative treatments such as splinting, corticosteroid injections, and occupational therapy remain the cornerstone of management, while surgical decompression offers definitive relief for refractory cases. Emerging rehabilitative approaches, including graded tendon-loading protocols, and innovations in imaging and therapy, highlight a shift toward more precise and patient-centered care. Despite advancements, challenges persist in optimizing treatment protocols and addressing long-term functional recovery. Further research is essential to refine diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, reduce recurrence rates, and improve patient outcomes
Orthorexia in Athletes: A Comprehensive Review of its Causes, Impact on Health, and Prevention Strategies
Get PDFAim: This review aims to explore the prevalence, causes, health impacts, and management strategies for orthorexia nervosa (ON) in athletes, with a focus on the challenges posed by the lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and the demands of sports that emphasize weight control, physique, and performance.
Materials and Methods: The analysis is based on a synthesis of existing literature from medical and sports journals, focusing on studies that examine the relationship between ON and factors such as gender, BMI, athletic discipline, and the duration of physical activity. Special attention is given to studies evaluating multidisciplinary approaches to treatment and prevention.
Results: Athletes, especially those in weight-sensitive and aesthetic sports, exhibit a higher prevalence of ON compared to non-athletes, with female athletes being particularly vulnerable. ON is driven by societal, cultural, and sports-specific pressures, leading to restrictive dietary practices that can cause nutrient deficiencies, metabolic imbalances, energy depletion, and psychological distress. Research findings on the relationship between ON, BMI, and gender are inconclusive, but athletes engaging in over 150 minutes of weekly physical activity, particularly endurance sports, are at higher risk.
Conclusions: ON poses significant risks to both health and performance in athletes. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary treatment approach that integrates psychotherapy, dietary counseling, and nutritional education are critical for managing ON. Preventive measures at the organizational level, emphasizing balanced nutrition and collaboration among coaches, dietitians, psychologists, and physicians, are essential to reducing the prevalence of ON and promoting athlete well-being
The Multifaceted Role of Psyllium Husk in Enhancing Metabolic and Athletic Performance: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFIntroductionPsyllium husk, derived from Plantago ovata seeds, is a key dietary fiber with benefits for metabolism and athletic performance. This review examines its role in glycemic control, lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, inflammation, and sports nutrition. Its gel-forming properties aid nutrient absorption and energy management, positioning it as a tool for addressing metabolic disorders and improving physical performance. Recent studies highlight its potential for endurance, recovery, and weight management, while emphasizing the need for further research into personalized applications.
Purpose of the Work: This review consolidates findings on psyllium’s benefits for metabolic health and sports performance, offering insights for future research and practical use.
Materials and Methods: A systematic review was conducted using databases including PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Search terms included psyllium husk, dietary fiber, metabolic health, sports performance, glycemic control, lipid metabolism, gut microbiota, precision nutrition. Relevant studies were synthesized to compile findings. Results: Psyllium husk offers significant metabolic health benefits. Clinical trials report improved glycemic control, with reductions in postprandial glucose and HbA1c through slowed carbohydrate absorption and enhanced insulin sensitivity. Its lipid-lowering effects, particularly on LDL cholesterol, reduce cardiovascular risk, supporting its role in managing dyslipidemia. Psyllium’s prebiotic properties enhance gut microbiota by increasing beneficial bacteria and SCFAs like butyrate, improving glucose metabolism, gut barrier function, and reducing inflammation. Anti-inflammatory effects include lowered CRP and cytokines, beneficial in conditions like metabolic syndrome. In sports, psyllium aids endurance and recovery by stabilizing glucose levels and mitigating gastrointestinal distress, demonstrating its versatility for health and performance optimization. 
Refractory Coeliac Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Emerging Therapies
Get PDFCoeliac disease (CD) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder triggered by gluten ingestion in genetically predisposed individuals, leading to intestinal damage, malabsorption, and systemic complications. Although traditionally considered a gastrointestinal disorder, CD is now recognized as a multisystem condition with neurological, musculoskeletal, endocrine, and cardiovascular manifestations. Despite advancements in diagnostic tools, the disease remains underdiagnosed due to its diverse clinical presentations.
The global prevalence of CD is approximately 1%, with increasing incidence linked to improved screening and environmental factors. Diagnosis involves serological testing, histological examination, and, in select cases, genetic screening. While strict adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD) is currently the only effective treatment, many patients face dietary compliance challenges, nutritional deficiencies, and persistent symptoms, necessitating further investigation for refractory CD.
Findings highlight that while GFD remains the cornerstone of treatment, adherence difficulties and ongoing symptoms in some patients require alternative interventions. Research into immune modulation, gut microbiota therapies, and intestinal permeability regulation is ongoing, with promising developments for non-dietary treatment options
The Impact of the Menstrual Cycle on Sports Performance: A Narrative Review
Get PDFBackground
The menstrual cycle (MC) plays a fundamental role in female physiology, influencing endurance, strength, and overall athletic performance. Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual phases impact metabolism, muscle recovery, thermoregulation, cardiovascular function, and psychological well-being. Recognizing these variations is crucial for optimizing training and competition strategies for female athletes.
Objective
This review synthesizes recent scientific findings on the effects of MC phases on athletic performance, specifically examining endurance, strength, neuromuscular function, and perceived exertion.
Methods
A review of peer-reviewed literature was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
Results
Hormonal fluctuations across the menstrual cycle influence endurance, strength, and perceived performance. The follicular phase supports muscle recovery, neuromuscular efficiency, and cardiovascular function, potentially enhancing performance, though increased ligament laxity may raise injury risk. During ovulation, energy availability improves, but joint laxity increases susceptibility to injury. The luteal phase introduces physiological challenges such as elevated core temperature, cardiovascular strain, and increased perception of effort, which may impair endurance. Despite these complexities, current evidence does not support a one-size-fits-all approach to training modifications based on the menstrual cycle. Instead, individualized menstrual tracking and adaptive training strategies may offer more effective ways to optimize female athlete performance
The Education and Lifestyle as Elements of Type 2 Diabetes Therapy
Get PDFIntroductionType 2 diabetes is the most common disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, characterized by high blood glucose levels. This disease has become one of the major global health issues. Treatment of type 2 diabetes involves both pharmacotherapy and lifestyle changes, with patient education playing a key role in the effectiveness of therapy. The goal of treatment is to prevent complications and improve the quality of life for patients.
Aim of the Study The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of education and lifestyle in the therapy of type 2 diabetes.
Materials and MethodsThis work was written based on a review of the current literature available through PubMed and other databases The following keywords were used for the literature review: “diabetes”, “epidemiology”, “complications”, “lifestyle”, and “education”. This allowed for an analysis of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, education, and lifestyle as elements of treatment, as well as complications associated with diabetes.
ConclusionsType 2 diabetes is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide, with the incidence and prevalence continuously increasing. Early diagnosis and proper patient education are crucial in treatment, as they enable effective lifestyle modification, better disease management, and a reduction in the risk of complications. Diabetes education increases patient engagement in treatment, leading to better metabolic control and improved quality of life. In the future, further promotion of education will be important, as it will help in the earlier diagnosis of diabetes and reduce the number of its complications
Revolutionizing Sports: The Role of Wearable Technology and AI in Training and Performance Analysis
Get PDFThe integration of wearable technology and artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed modern sports science by enhancing athlete monitoring, performance optimization, and injury prevention. Wearable sensors, including fitness trackers, GPS-based devices, and biomechanical motion trackers, provide real-time physiological and biomechanical data, enabling personalized training programs and workload management. AI-driven analytics, utilizing machine learning, deep learning, and computer vision, enhance performance assessment, injury prediction, and rehabilitation strategies by processing vast datasets to detect fatigue patterns, optimize recovery schedules, and refine tactical decision-making.
Despite these advancements, challenges persist regarding data accuracy, privacy, and accessibility. Variability in sensor precision and standardization issues hinder reliable cross-comparisons, necessitating the development of validation protocols. Additionally, AI-driven wearables raise concerns over data security, ethical handling, and equitable access, as high costs limit their use in amateur sports. Future research should focus on refining AI-powered injury prevention models, improving biometric sensing capabilities, and advancing edge AI for real-time data processing. Addressing these challenges will ensure that wearable technology and AI continue to enhance sports performance, injury mitigation, and athlete well-being at all levels of competition
The Intersection of Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) and Mood Disorders: A Narrative Review
Get PDFPremenstrual Syndrome (PMS) encompasses a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms occurring cyclically during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Mood disorders such as depression and anxiety often overlap with PMS, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. This narrative review explores the hormonal, neurochemical, psychosocial, and cultural factors contributing to the comorbidity of PMS and mood disorders. Understanding these interactions can guide effective diagnostic approaches and individualized treatment strategies