282 research outputs found
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MANAGEMENT OF UNERUPTED ANTERIOR TEETH: AN AUDIT OF TREATMENT OUTCOMES: Management of impacted anterior teeth
No full textIntroduction: Anterior teeth are valuable for aesthetics, speech and mastication . Their absence, impaction and/or delayed eruption create significant distress often leading to early presentation to the dental office. This study presents an audit of the management of impacted anterior teeth that presented at a tertiary level dental clinic. The periodontal outcomes of the aligned teeth were also reported.
Methods: This is an observational study spanning a nine-year period. Demographic data, clinical presentation as well as post alignment dental and periodontal status of the impacted teeth were assessed. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Fisher’s exact test and paired samples T-test were used for categorical and continuous variables respectively. Significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: Twenty-eight (1.76%) cases presenting with failed eruption of thirty-two anterior teeth were found during the period under review. Eight patients were treated by extraction, orthodontic treatment and space closure or prosthetic replacement with a mean treatment time of 2.83 ± 2.66 years. Thirteen patients completed treatment by orthodontic alignment with mean alignment time of 1.4 ± 1.5 years and treatment time of 3.6 ± 2.5 years. There was significant difference in the post-operative root length of aligned teeth compared to their normal antimeres (p < 0.005).
Conclusion: Patients with impacted anterior teeth presented later than was beneficial for spontaneous alignment of their teeth. The average 1.5mm loss of root length observed was not detrimental to the anatomical retention or function of the aligned teeth. There is need for more enlightenment with regards to early presentation for dental problems to avoid expensive and time-consuming treatments
Developing a Traditional Oral Health Education Folktale for Primary School Pupils in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
No full textBACKGROUND: Worldwide oral diseases are a major public health problem among children. Oral health education directed at major aetiological factors such as diet, oral hygiene and dental clinic attendance has helped to reduce the burden of oral diseases in children. Folklore, which includes folktales, puppet shows, dramas, folk music, and dance, appears to be a promising tool that could gain and engage young people\u27s interest. Traditional folktale in school-based health education in Nigeria has not yet undergone much research or evaluation.
AIM: This paper aims to report how a local traditional folktale for oral health education among primary school pupils was developed with a view to providing information on how the folktale can be developed in other languages as well as how other oral health education folktales can be developed.
METHOD: Oral health professionals, linguist and theater arts experts from the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, developed a traditional folktale represented on a graphically designed banner (comic strips) for use as an oral health education tool for primary school pupils. Developing the tool involved certain processes which were validated and evaluated at every step. These processes included developing oral health messages on adequate dietary and oral hygiene practices as well as good dental clinic attendance. The messages were used to develop a folktale using improvisation circle method.
RESULTS: A banner of 6 feet by 4 feet containing graphically designed illustrations (comic strips) of the traditional folktale was developed. The message of which was basically diet, oral hygiene and dental clinic attendance instructions aimed at improving the attitude and practice of primary school pupils in Ibadan to oral health. The folktale was primarily developed in English language, the official language in Nigeria, then translated to Yoruba, the indigenous language of the people of Ibadan. Many skills such as team-building, effective communication and leadership were developed from the many phases and meetings required in the development of the folktale.
CONCLUSIONS: The early years are the formative years. Hence developing a tool to improve the oral health education of children using traditional folktale is a valuable and culturally advantageous project which has substantial future potentials
New Public Health Approach to Oral Health Care Accessibility in a Pandemic
No full textIntroduction
Poor access to oral healthcare has continually been a major setback to achieving universal oral healthcare. And this is more important in low-to-medium-income communities where a significant portion of the populations cannot afford oral treatments. This situation has contributed to the increased prevalence of oral health diseases. Historically, pandemics have been known to cause a further reduction in access to healthcare with the resultant effects of a burgeoning burden of oral diseases. This review article aims at describing the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on access to population-based dental care and to suggest a new approach to mitigating the effects of lockdown, which practically hinders populations’ access to care during pandemics. These are with a view to improving pandemic preparedness and enhancing population access to oral healthcare in times of restrictions.
Areas covered
This is a review article that focused on COVID-19 pandemic and how it impacted access to oral healthcare. The article also highlighted the new approaches that could be adopted to consistently make oral healthcare obtainable by all despite physical restrictions. Literature searches of key terms were carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar.
Expert opinion
So much has been known about the impact of reduced access to oral healthcare. However, ideas on service modification and/or adoption of new methods of improving population-based access to oral care, especially during periods of global health crises have not been proposed.
Keywords: Access to oral health, Community dentistry, Coronavirus, COVID-19, Dental public health practice, Oral health, Oral health promotion, Population oral health, Universal oral health care 
A Closed reduction of chronic protracted bilateral TMJ dislocation using a reduction forcep: case report in a 60-year old woman
No full textChronic protracted TMJ dislocation refers to a condition in which the joint is displaced from its articulations and fixated in that position (open-locked) without reduction. The Hippocratic maneuver is usually unsuccessful with a high failure rate making treatment of this condition very challenging. This article reported a case of TMJ dislocation not amenable to the traditional closed reduction method but which was successfully treated using the direct application of reduction forceps on the angle of the mandible. The technical aspects of the procedure and post-operative management were also highlighted
Post-COVID Reflections and Practice: A Dental Student\u27s Perspective.
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic altered every aspect of human life. This article offers a compelling insight into the experiences and observations of a dental student navigating the field amidst the global pandemic. It also explores the impact of COVID-19 on dental education, patient care, and professional development. The challenges faced, lessons learned, and adaptations made during the crisis were reflected upon. This article highlights the importance of resilience, adaptability, and innovative approaches to dental practice in the post-pandemic world. It provides a unique perspective that encapsulates the evolving landscape of dentistry and underscores the need for continued adaptation and growth in the face of unprecedented circumstances
Post-COVID Reflections and Practice from the Oral Surgeon’s Perspective
No full text
Introduction
Globally, the post-COVID era has afforded practitioners the opportunity to evaluate the quality assurance measures for continued safe service delivery. The preventive measures against COVID-19 have been relaxed and most intense care units and hospital bed spaces dedicated to the management of COVID-19 cases have been relaxed or, in some places, closed.
Methods
The study was conceptualized as a narrative review of focal literature that focused on the COVID-19 and its impact on the practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery and dentistry. The study built a synthesis to describe the post-COVID era and the reflections on dental practice and oral and maxillofacial surgery. Literature searches were carried out using PubMed and Google Scholar with no search filters, using Boolean Logic ‘‘AND’’ and ‘‘OR.’’ Searches of the literature cited by eligible studies were also performed.
Expert opinion
There is the assumption that all trainers and trainees have been vaccinated and less at risk of contracting COVID-19 and Oral and Maxillofacial Surgical training has returned to the pre-COVID approach where physical contact and bedside teachings are no longer restricted. All specialties of dentistry conduct training programs with minimal restrictions on physical contact and one-one interactions between trainers and trainees.
Keywords: Coronavirus, WHO, Aerosols, Patient services, Training, Post-COVID
 
Synopsis of Papers Published in the Nigerian Dental Journal: 2007 – 2021
No full textUsing quantitative methods to analyze various aspects of written scientific documents helps to monitor growth of literature and patterns of research. This paper examines the articles published in the Nigerian Dental Journal (NDJ) from 2007 to 2021 for geographical distribution, pattern of study design analysis and topic analysis. Through the review we were able to provide a broad aspect of the types of research published in the Nigerian Dental Journal. Within Nigeria, the contribution from Lagos is the highest while majority of contributions from outside Nigeria were from India. In total 183 articles were published, out of which 103 (56.3%) were full-length articles. The remaining papers included short communications and technical notes. Only one article provided qualitative data, and there were no laboratory-based research highlighting a need to foster further research in this area
Self-Reported Halitosis and Associated Factors Among Medical and Dental Students of a Tertiary Institution in Rivers State, Nigeria
No full textObjectives: To determine the prevalence of self-reported halitosis and associated factors among medical and dental students of the university of Port Harcourt.
Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted among medical and dental undergraduate students of the University of Port-Harcourt (UPH), Rivers State. Consent was obtained from each participant before being enrolled into the study. Data was collected using a self-administered structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was grouped into four (4) sections; Section A collected demographical information (gender, age, course and level), section B collected information on self-reported halitosis and self-care, section C collected information on oral hygiene practices and section D collected information on associated factors.
Data collected was analysed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27 (IBM SPSS Armonk, New York) software for Windows. Categorical variables were expressed as frequencies with accompanying percentages. Differences between groups were compared using the Chi-square tests for categorical variables. All statistical significances were assumed at p values <0.05.
Results: A total of 248 medical and dental students were recruited as study participants. The age range was 15-30 years, with a mean age of 22.9 years. The male-to-female ratio is 1.13:1. The prevalence of self-reported halitosis among the study participants was 26%, with the worse experience being in the morning (31.1%). The younger age group reported more halitosis compared to the older age group (p=0.016). More females (34.5%) significantly reported halitosis compared to males (18.2%) [p=0.003]. The occurrence of self-reported halitosis also decreases with an increase in the level of study (p=0.003). Participants that brush thrice a day, and do not use toothbrushes and toothpaste, claim to have halitosis. The majority of the participants who claimed to have dry mouth (76.5%), coated tongue (80.6%) and have a history of smoking (58.3%), reported the presence of halitosis. The majority of participants who take alcohol, claimed not to have halitosis however, this finding is not statistically significant. Seventy-three (29.4%) of the respondents instituted self-care for halitosis in the form of chewing gums (13.71%), minty candy (8.06%), mouth-washes (6.45%), while 1.21% use other options such as compulsive toothbrushing.
Conclusion: Self-reported halitosis was found among 26% of participants. Halitosis occurred more in females and was significantly associated with dry mouth, coated tongue and smoking. 29.4% of the participants instituted self-care to mask their halitosis
Translational Systems Approach to Clinical Dental Research: A Primer for Precision and Personalized Oral Health in Resource-Constrained Settings
No full textResource-constrained regions such as sub-Saharan Africa urgently need to leverage innovative approaches to dental care provision and research, using available scarce resources. Even though a lot of clinical dental research has emerged in Africa, from the use of clinical dental samples (or data) and carried out by dental healthcare personnels, the principles of clinical dental research (CDR) and the embellishment of a translational dental research (TDR) pipeline is not widely used and considered. Neither has this principle trickled down to curriculum-integrated mechanisms at many academic dental schools on the continent. Equipping future dental professionals with robust clinical dental research skill need to be implemented in an integrated and systematized manner on the continent. It is therefore important to define the precise parameters of CDR and what it should entail, as well as what the exact purpose of carrying out such research should be. Furthermore, key concepts in TDR, as well as precision and personalized oral health (PPOH) need to be established, in the era of precision and omics-based dentistry. Hence, this paper discusses an integrative implementation framework and models for optimizing the use of TDR for cost effective CDR in resource-limited settings. We also proposed the utilization of a CDR and TDR model that uses a systems-oriented, multiscale integration of CDR, TDR and PPOH within the clinical dental practice settings, dental research environments, as well as incorporation of these concepts into the pedagogical curriculum of undergraduate and postgraduate dental training programs. Using the proposed integrative implementation framework for CDR and TDR in resource-constrained regions, it is envisaged that cost- and labour-effective practices will be instituted. Not least, effective incorporation of PPOH and one health into CDR and TRD will hopefully translate into beneficial global oral public health policies and systems reform in Africa
