Ilomata International Journal of Tax and Accounting
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Earnings Management Before, During and After Covid-19 Period in the Hotels and Tourism Subsector Subsector Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Get PDFCovid-19 has an impact on the decline in firms performance. Several previous studies have found that companies strive to sustain performance through earnings management practices. Earnings management that can be performed in a company includes accrued earnings management and real earnings management. Previous studies have only focused on the differences in earnings management during the pandemic using accrual earnings management. So that in this study, apart from using accrual earnings management, it also adds real earnings management. This study aims to offer empirical insight into variations in earnings management during the Covid-19 period. This duration is divided into three distinct phases: pre, during, and post-Covid. Focusing on the 2017-2022 timeframe, this study specifically examines companies in the hotels and tourism subsector. The hypothesis was tested with a paired sample t-test. The findings showed no disparity in accruals earnings management in the pre, during, and post-Covid periods. However, the analysis showed significant differences in abnormal real earnings management related to production and discretionary factors before, during, and after the Covid-19 outbreak. Notably, abnormal real earnings management in production remains consistent before and after, as well as during and after the pandemic. In addition, discretionary abnormal real earnings management shows no difference before and during Covid-19 or during and after the pandemic. The practical implication is that post-Covid-19 pandemic firms actually carry out higher real earnings management as an effort to maintain or as a result of the decline in firms performance during the Covid-19 pandemic
Village Fund Accounting Model in Realizing Nagari Financial Accountability
Get PDFThis study aims to create an accrual-based accounting model for the Nagari Government. The research method used in obtaining data is observation and interviews while analyzing data using qualitative analysis, namely analysis using an accrual-based accounting model based on Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 concerning the Application of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards in village financial management. The analysis results show that since issuing Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 20 of 2018 concerning the Application of Accrual-Based Government Accounting Standards in Village Financial Management until the end of 2022, it has not been optimal in preparing accrual-based Nagari Government financial reports. This happens because the apparatus resources must still be ready to implement accrual-based accounting. In addition, the formats used as tools in accrual-based accounting records are more complete, so it is necessary to design a model that the village apparatus can understand. It is hoped that through this research, the implementation of accrual-based accounting can be further improved so that accountability in managing village funds can be achieved as expected
The Influence of Intellectual Capital, and Capital Structure on Financial Performance
Get PDFThe primary aim of this study is to investigate how capital structure and intellectual capital affect the financial performance of banking institutions that are publicly traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange over the period from 2018 to 2022. The research employed a purposive sampling approach to select its sample, resulting in the collection of 180 data observations from 36 companies over a five-year span. The analysis in this study was conducted using multiple linear regression techniques, utilizing IBM SPSS software for the analysis. The research findings indicate that capital structure does not exert a substantial impact on financial performance. In contrast, intellectual capital exhibits a notably positive influence on financial performance
Financial Performance of Banking Companies on IDX Before as Well as During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThis study aims to determine the financial performance on 44 bank company listed by IDX (Indonesian Stock Exchange) before as well as after the Covid-19 pandemic’s period using Operating Expenses and Operating Income (BOPO), Return On Asset (ROA), Non Performing Loan (NPL), also Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) variables and comparative quantitative methods, with difference test analysis tools Paired Simple T-Test and Sign-Wixolcon. The ratio of CAR and NPL was categorized as safe before as well as after the Covid-19 pandemic’s period, and its contrast to the ratio of ROA and BOPO. On the other hand, during the period of Covid-19 pandemic, ROA, CAR and NPL experienced an increase in performance while BOPO experienced a decrease in performance. The results are the ratio of CAR, ROA and NPL showed a sig difference, while the BOPO ratio did not show any sig differences in 44 banking company that listed on the IDX before as well as during the Covid-19 pandemic’s period. According to this, it is recommended that bank management in Indonesia can better control the company's operations more efficiently in future and subsequent research adds a wider sample and increases the duration of the study
Application of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments and the Exposure to Credit Risk (Case Study in Ecuador)
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic has caused certain elements of the Financial Statements, such as accounts receivable, to show a greater indication of impairment, caused by the difficulty and possibility of insolvency of customers in the recovery of outstanding securities . This caused companies in general to modify the accounting treatment under the international standard IFRS 9 applicable from 2018. The objective of this article is to determine the portfolio risk that affects the calculation of these provisions, through a case study in Ecuador. To this end, a database of clients of a non-financial company was analyzed, and the composition of its portfolio segmented by day of delay, observing the component called probability of default (PD), which was determined by binary logistic regression. A model was obtained that allowed to obtain the desired probability, and consequently under the approach of IFRS 9, the calculation of the expected credit loss (ECL). The results obtained estimated a portfolio impairment of 23%, compared to the baseline scenario of 9%
Gender Diversity and Sustainability Performance: The Role of Financial Technology Adoption as Moderator
Get PDFThis research is intended to explore the influence of gender diversity on financial and bank environmental performance. In addition, in order to strengthen the impact of gender diversity on financial performance and environmental performance, this research also tests the moderating effect of financial technology adoption. The population in this study examines banks that received the 2022 Digital Banking Awards, which is the research period from 2017-2022. The proportion of women on the Board of Commissioners and the Board of Directors is a proxy for gender diversity. This research method uses random effect models and fixed effect models in regression equations that test financial performance. Meanwhile, the regression model that tests environmental performance uses logit regression. This study shows that the percentage of females on boards has an impact on financial results, but not on environmental performance. The financial and environmental performance is not affected by the gender ratio in the board of directors. Other results show that, although financial technology can enhance the influence of women's representation on boards regarding environmental performance, but it does not have an impact on financial performance. On the other hand, the impact on financial and environmental performance of the proportion of women on the board of directors is not reduced by the adoption of financial technology. The implications of these findings provide input for regulators to determine the threshold for women's involvement on the board of directors
Analysis of the Effectiveness of E-Objection in Making It Easier for Officers and Taxpayers during the Covid-19 Pandemic at the Cibitung Primary Tax Service Office
Get PDFE-Objection is one of the services of the Directorate of Taxes that can be used by taxpayers in submitting tax objection letters. E-Objection is an adoption policy that is an alternative to the previous program, namely the manual submission of objection letters. E-Objection can be accessed via E-Filling. This research is motivated by the lack of exploration of the introduction of E-Objection to taxpayers that there are still many who submit objection letters manually. Based on the data submitted by the Directorate General of Taxes (Direktorat Jenderal Pajak/DJP) and previous research in 2021 based on 2020 data, data on submitting objection letters online (E-Objectionareis still very minimal so that are problems in analyzing the effectiveness of E-Objection. Therefore, this study was conductedtoo to analyze the effectiveness of E-Objection from 2020 to 2021 at KPP Pratama Cibitung, but because the data of taxpayers who submitted objection letters by E-Objection was confidential, it was hindered from interviewing informants who had accessed E-Objection besides that because E-Objection data could not be accessed from KPP Pratama, so in this study using two research objects, namely KPP Pratama Cibitung and Kanwil DJP II. So that the purpose of this study can determine the effectiveness of E-Objection as an alternative to the previous system. Based on E-Objection data in the West Java DJP Regional Office II in 2020 there were 109 data and in 2021 there were 115 data so it could be known that there was an increase, but based on the percentage of effectiveness criteria, the percentage of e-objection effectiveness in the DJP of the West Java Regional Office II in 2020 was 8.93% and in 2021 it was 9.75% so that it can be concluded that the analysis of the effectiveness of E-Objection in KPP Pratama Cibitung during the Covid-19 pandemic (2020-2021) was ineffective
Reviewing Internal Variables on the Level of Underpricing of IPO Shares (Observation of the Company Go Public on IDX 2021-2022)
Get PDFThis research study was held to examine internal variables that can determine the effect of stock underpricing levels when conducting an IPO (Initial Public Offering) on the IDX (Indonesia Stock Exchange) 2021-2022. Internal factors include ROE and ROA. Research is quantitative and uses secondary data, explanatory research study type, using methods by purposive sampling when determining samples. The novelty of the study can be seen from the overall data and the latest samples used by 64 issuers and the periods used, namely 2022 and 2021. The study used hypothesis testing methods, including multiple linear regression analysis through the help of Eviews (Econometric Views). The source of data used in this study is prospectus data issued by companies or issuers that go public with underwriters. The calculation results obtained partially produce ROE and ROA variables have a significant influence on the level of underpricing in IPO shares, and simultaneous results show that ROE and ROA variables together have a significant effect on the level of underpricing of IPO shares. The result of a positive value coefficient is obtained at the IPO stock underpricing level, then the ROE variable has a negative coefficient and the ROA coefficient is positive, this is interpreted by the increase in the ROE value, the stock underpricing level will decrease and apply to vice versa, and for the ROA variable that has a positive coefficient means that the more the ROA value increases, the stock underpricing level will also increase and vice versa
The Moderation Role of Tax Rate Reduction and Firm Size on the Effects of Tax Aggressiveness on Company Value
Get PDFThis study aims to examine the impacts of reducing tax rates and firm size on tax aggressiveness in regards to the company value in Indonesia. This study used 302 samples of companies with 1,118 observation points within the period of 2017 - 2021. The proxy measurement of tax aggressiveness is with Effective Tax Rate and the company value using Tobins'Q. The research analysis was carried out using multiple regression models of panel data employing fixed effects as the best research model. The results showed that there was no significant effect of aggressive tax on firm value. This study also found that a decrease in tax rates did not affect the relationship between tax aggressiveness and firm value, but firm size did impact on both tax aggressiveness and firm value
Tax Revenue, FDI, and Agricultural Sector: A Dynamic Interaction with Regulatory Quality as the Moderation
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the effect of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), and share of agriculture on Tax Revenue in ASEAN countries with Regulatory Quality as the moderating variable. The research method used is descriptive quantitative with panel data regression analysis and the econometric model is estimated by Panel Corrected Standard Errors (PCSE). The result indicates that FDI, share of agriculture, regulatory-quality-moderated FDI and share of agriculture simultaneously have a significant effect on Tax Revenue. Partially, the result shows that FDI has a positive and significant effect on Tax Revenue. Regulatory Quality and Share of Agriculture have no effect on Tax Revenue. Furthermore, Regulatory Quality weakens the positive relationship of FDI and Tax Revenue, whereas Regulatory Quality strengthens the negative relationship between Share of Agriculture and Tax Revenue. Based on the generated results, there will be a necessity for government to create a comprehensive economic and fiscal policy to increase tax revenue and to strengthen the tax base in the ASEAN countries