Asia Pacific Journal of Energy and Environment
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An Innovative Architecture for the Distribution Framework of Smart Grid with Renewable Sources and Power Storage
Get PDFSmart grid is a new highly integrated power grid which refers to the next generation power grid, with advanced features and two-way flow of electricity and communication. The smart grid is expected to provide real-time information and near instantaneous balance between supply side and demand side. It combines with the advanced information and communication technology such as Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi). Wi-Fi is a wireless network technology that allows smart meters and other electronic devices to communicate over a wireless medium. In this paper, we have introduced and modeled a new architecture for a community smart grid, where an information center is established as the controller of the community power grid. Based on this new approach, the potential impact of smart battery, smart metering and renewable energy sources have been studied. Then, we provided an optimal approach for power allocation in the new architecture, which can reduce the power taken from the regular utility even in situations of overloading, and reduce the line loss of power scheduling. Finally, we proposed a methodology to analyze the daily load profile for residential clients with renewable energy resources
Sugar and Bioethanol Production from Oil Palm Trunk (OPT)
Get PDFVarious types of carbohydrate-rich plants with several methods have been experimented to produce sugar and bioethanol. Usually, sugar and bioethanol are yielded by fermentation process synthesized from cellulosic and hemi-cellulosic biomass. In this study, Oil Palm Trunk (OPT) sap was utilized to produce sugar and bioethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Yeast) as fermentation agent as well as Alanine amino acid (C3H7NO2) and Epsom salt (MgSO4) as nutritional supplements in anaerobic condition with 96 hours duration. The first objective of this study was to produce sugar and bioethanol from three different parts of OPT sap such as upper, middle and bottom part and identify the most-efficient part to optimize. Another objective was to demonstrate the effect of nutrients on fermentation process to determine highest yield. After experimenting fermentation process of 50 ml concentrated OPT sap with 30 ml warmed distilled water for 96 hours, obtained result indicated that upper part of OPT yielded the highest ethanol amount 58.34% (w/w) and sugar 21.14% (w/w) with nutrients
Modeling and Simulation of Electromagnetic Interference in Power Distribution Networks: Implications for Grid Stability
Get PDFThe subjects of this study are the modeling and simulation of electromagnetic interference (EMI) in power distribution networks and its consequences for grid stability. The key goals are to find the sources of EMI, assess how they affect grid performance, and create mitigation plans. A thorough study of research articles and literature on EMI modeling, simulation methods, and grid stability assessment is part of the methodology. Important discoveries emphasize the various origins and traits of electromagnetic interference (EMI), how it affects voltage control, frequency stability, and power quality, and how to mitigate and improve grid resilience. The policy implications emphasize the significance of standards, research projects, and regulatory frameworks in tackling EMI issues and guaranteeing the dependability of distribution networks. Stakeholders can ensure a consistent and adequate supply of energy to consumers by strengthening the resilience of power distribution networks and including electromagnetic interference (EMI) considerations in design, planning, and operational procedures
Impacts of Sand and Gravel Quarrying on the Stream Channel and Surrounding Environment
Get PDFThe longtime sustainability of river channel in the natural process depends on the gradient, volume of water, sediment supply and deposition in the river. Naturally, rivers maintain balance of river channel in all stage of the cycle of erosion. However, human activity mainly sand and gravel mining frequently disturb the balance that has much impact on the river morphology. The Imphal River between Motbung to Awang Leikinthabi is one of the worse sand and gravel-querying regions in Manipur. Hence, the main aim of this paper is to assess the impacts of querying on riverine landform and surrounding environment by using Remote Sensing and GIS
Nature of Victimization and Deviant Behavior among Homeless Adolescents: A Study in Gazipur
Get PDFHomeless adolescents are at great risk for both victimization and perpetration. The key objectives of the study is to know the nature and causes of victimization and deviant behavior among homeless adolescents in Bangladesh, identify the pattern of victimization particularly in employment sector and in social life and the issues that encourage the homeless adolescents to be involved in deviant behavior. This study is based on descriptive research which found significant information on socio-demographic characteristics of homeless adolescents, involvement in work for earning livelihood at early age, scenery of victimization in working environment, and finally participating in deviant behavior. Homeless adolescents become socially victimized as in most of cases, they have no regular contact with their family, and many adolescent even did not complete their primary education, deprived from basic rights of medical, sports and recreational facility. Furthermore, maximum homeless adolescents are day laborers and are involved in risky employment for long time, getting negligible salary and majority of them are become victim of physical torture and sexual harassment. Besides, most of the homeless adolescents get very harsh behavior from public and large numbers of them are arrested by the police during working. Thus, underprivileged homeless adolescents are become precariously victimized in society. Consequently, most of homeless adolescents are involved in pity offences, became drug abuser and gradually involved with various criminal gangs. So the study finally finds that homeless adolescent are being victimized in different perspective and also being involved with delinquency and serious crimes
Richness of Avifauna in Gorewada International Bio-Park, Nagpur, Central India
Get PDFThe present study comprises the biodiversity of birds in Gorewada International bio-park situated at north-west of Nagpur city with geographical location 21°11′N 79°2′E and a good habitat for avian biodiversity. Bird watching and recording were done from March 2011 to February 2014, in the morning and evening hours during Sunday and holidays. 190 species belonging to 128 genera, 51 families and 17 orders (Podicipediformes, Pelecaniformes, Ciconiiformes, Anseriformes, Falconiformes, Galliformes, Gruiformes, Charadriiformes, Columbiformes, Psittaciformes, Cuculiformes, Strigiformes, Caprimulgiformes, Apodiformes, Coraciiformes, Piciformes and Passeriformes) were recorded. The order Passeriformes is the largest order belonging to 20 families and 75 bird species. Out of total bird species, 89 (46.84%) are resident, 77 (40.53%) are resident migrant and 24 (12.63%) are migratory species.
Forest region of this bio-park provides heterogeneity in vegetation and lake is rich in aquatic fauna and other food for avian species. Therefore, this region is well suitable for feeding, resting and roosting site for aves. The report obtains information regarding resident birds, migratory birds and resident migratory birds of Gorewada bio-park
Improving Sorghum Biomass and Productivity through Application of Moringa Leaf Juice
Get PDFGlobally, fourteen types of Moringa species are discovered. Among these species Moringaoleifera and Moringastenopetala potentially use for nutritional purpose, medicinal and feed values. In addition to these, Moringa leaf juice is being use in the form of a foliar spray that causes the plants to be stronger, more resistant to pests and disease and enhances plant growth. Plants treated with Moringa juice spray produce more and larger fruit and consequently have higher yield. The study conducted at “Kewet” district, Shewa Robit site with the objective of evaluating the contribution of Moringa leaf juice on grain yield and biomass production of sorghum. The result indicated that there was no significant difference observed among treatments on grain yield. However, foliar spray of Moringaoleifera with fertilizer and Moringastenopetala with fertilizer was obtained 25% and 34% of grain yield advantage as compare to only chemical fertilization application. Hence, at Shewarobit condition, foliar spray of Moringa leaf juice is not recommended for sorghum grain yield production. However further study is required across different soil type and agro climatology
Calibration of Nitrogen Fertilizer for Quality Protein Maize (Zea mays L.) Based on In-Season Estimated Yield using a Handheld NDVI Sensor in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Get PDFMaize is one of a highly valued crop in the national diet of Ethiopians especially in southern and southeastern regions of the country; it is produces across various agro-ecologies of the country. However, its productivity is constrained by blanket application of mineral nutrients, in particular, nitrogen (N). In this study, we aimed to test site-specific nutrient management supported by precision agriculture tools can provide extension agents and farmers better ways to manage nitrogen, to increase net benefit and reduce environmental pollution. The drastic increase in N fertilizer cost, environmental pollution and increased public scrutiny have encouraged development and implementation of improved N management practices. In this context, on-farm and on-station experiment was conducted during 2014 main cropping season in the central rift valley of Ethiopia. The objective of the study was calibrating N fertilizer rate using the handheld NDVI sensor for efficient management of N to optimize grain productivity. The trials were layout in a randomized complete block design with seven levels of N fertilizer with phosphorus applied uniformly. The study evaluated the relationship between grain yield and NDVI using the handheld Green seeker sensor. The result shows that a strong nonlinear relationship (R2=0.79) were exist between NDVI values and harvest grain yield. In similarly fashion positive exponential relationship (R2=0.71) between INSEY and grain yield during vegetative growth stage six (V6) at both locations. Overall this study shows that the handheld NDVI sensor can be an indicator to better manage N fertilizer application
The Biodiversity Conservation in the Coastal Ecosystems of the Tabasco State, Mexico as Sustainable Response again Climate Change Effects
Get PDFThe Conservation of the Biodiversity in accordance with the Program of Environment of United Nations (UNEP) cannot be limited to a matter of geographical borders, in many cases it must be studied like regional interpretation or global initiative. In this context, the environmental models and the information obtained with the use of the skills of remote sensors and application of geographical information systems to evaluate the Biodiversity Conservation represent important instruments, in order to take to good term the proposals like studies, projects, plans of regional management. In Mexico applications of these technologies exist already, in particular this work refers the efforts to apply them in the coastal zone of Tabasco State, Mexico, which it is extensive, also characterized by a great Biodiversity like: wealth lands, tropical vegetation and animals species located in the coastal lagoons, estuaries ecosystems, which has not been well evaluated yet and which study is necessary to realize in order to carry out conservation and protection programs adapted for these ecosystems. This work shows the Tabasco government and its inhabitants relative to know the possibly effects that the Tabasco coastal zone is suffering in its Biodiversity composition, due to the actions of the Climate Change, other natural reagents (hurricanes, tropical storms, etc.) and those activities derivates of human causes for which it consider a specially methodology as the use of remote sensors and geographical information systems to obtain Biodiversity models at regional scales
Evaluating the Effect of Operating Pressure and Riser Height on Irrigation Water Application under Different Wind Conditions in Ethiopia
Get PDFEfficient and effective use of water resource is crucial to increase crop production. This can be achieved through uniform application of water and by reducing application losses. A field experiment was conducted at Wonji/Shoa Sugarcane Plantation (Ethiopia) to study the effect of sprinkler operating pressure and riser height on water distribution uniformity under different wind conditions. Three levels of operating pressure and two levels of sprinkler riser height, under three different wind conditions, were examined during the experiment. From the research evaporation and drift losses ranging from 11.2% to 16.4% were determined. Potential application efficiency (PAE) of 47.7% to 91.3% and actual application efficiency of low-quarter (AELQ) of 32.9% to 38.6% were achieved under various test combinations. Christiansen’s coefficient of uniformity (CU) of 71.7% to 81.7% and distribution uniformity (DU) of 56% to 75.7% were obtained under different test combinations. The results indicated that increase riser height leads to increase in sprinkler water uniformity. Higher sprinkler water uniformity and low application water loss have been encountered during low wind speed condition