IYTE GCRIS Database (Izmir Institute of Technology)
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Yeast-Produced Human Recombinant Lysosomal Β-Hexosaminidase Efficiently Rescues Gm2 Ganglioside Accumulation in Tay–Sachs Disease
No full textBackground: Tay–Sachs disease (TSD) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the accumulation of GM2 ganglioside due to mutations in the HEXA gene, which encodes the α-subunit of β-Hexosaminidase A. This accumulation leads to significant neuropathological effects and premature death in affected individuals. No effective treatments exist, but enzyme replacement therapies are under investigation. In our previous work, we demonstrated the internalization and efficacy of human recombinant lysosomal β-hexosaminidase A (rhHex-A), produced in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris, in reducing lipids and lysosomal mass levels in fibroblasts and neural stem cells derived from patient-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). In this study, we further evaluated the potential of rhHex-A to prevent GM2 accumulation using fibroblast and neuroglia cells from a TSD patient alongside a relevant mouse model. Methods: Fibroblasts and neuroglial cell lines derived from a murine model and TSD patients were treated with 100 nM rhHexA for 72 h. After treatment, cells were stained by anti-GM2 (targeting GM2 ganglioside; KM966) and anti-LAMP1 (lysosomal-associated membrane protein 1) colocalization staining and incubated with 50 nM LysoTracker Red DND-99 to label lysosomes. In addition, GM2AP and HEXB expression were analyzed to assess whether rhHex-A treatment affected the levels of enzymes involved in GM2 ganglioside degradation. Results: Immunofluorescence staining for LysoTracker and colocalization studies of GM2 and Lamp1 indicated reduced lysosomal mass and GM2 levels. Notably, rhHex-A treatment also affected the expression of the HEXB gene, which is involved in GM2 ganglioside metabolism, highlighting a potential regulatory interaction within the metabolic pathway. Conclusions: Here, we report that rhHex-A produced in yeast can efficiently degrade GM2 ganglioside and rescue lysosomal accumulation in TSD cells. © 2025 by the authors
Comparative Performance of Artificial Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines in Detecting Adulteration of Apple Juice Concentrate Using Spectroscopy and Time Domain Nmr☆
No full textThe detection of adulteration in apple juice concentrate is critical for ensuring product authenticity and consumer safety. This study evaluates the effectiveness of artificial neural networks (ANN) and support vector machines (SVM) in analyzing spectroscopic data to detect adulteration in apple juice concentrate. Four techniques-UV-visible, fluorescence, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, and time domain 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry (1H NMR)-were used to generate data from both authentic and adulterated apple juice samples. Adulterants included glucose syrup, fructose syrup, grape concentrate, and date concentrate. The spectroscopic data were pre-processed and analyzed using ANN and SVM models, with performance metrics such as sensitivity, specificity, and correct classification rates (CCR) evaluated for both calibration and validation sets. Results indicated that NIR spectroscopy combined with SVM provided the highest overall accuracy, with nearperfect specificity and high CCR values, making it the most robust method for adulteration detection. UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopy also demonstrated strong performance but were slightly less consistent across different adulterants. 1H NMR relaxometry, while providing detailed molecular insights, showed variable sensitivity depending on the adulterant type. The findings showed the importance of selecting appropriate analytical techniques and machine learning models for food authentication. This study contributes to the development of non-destructive, rapid, and accurate methods for detecting food adulteration, which can help support industry efforts to enhance product integrity and maintain consumer trust
Etkili makale yazım teknikleri ve yapay zeka
No full textİYTE Araştırmalar Direktörlüğü ve İYTE Kütüphanesi iş birliği ile 7 Mart 2025 tarihinde "Etkili Makale Yazma Teknikleri ve Yapay Zeka" başlıklı web semineri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu kayıt, seminerde yapılan sunumları ve seminer video kaydını içermektedir
Reliability Assessment of Structures With Bayesian Model Updating Accelerated Via Polynomial-Chaos Metamodeling
No full textFinite element models are often preferred in numerical modeling of structures, but model assumptions lead to inaccuracies and uncertainties. Measuring these is necessary to determine the reliability and accuracy of the numerical model. This has led to the development of FE model update methods that aim to calibrate the numerical model based on data obtained by structural health monitoring (SHM). However, a general framework that provides a realistic life cycle performance assessment of structures by efficiently incorporating monitored data into structural identification has not yet been impeccably presented. Bayesian modeling can characterize uncertain structural parameters as random variables and provide a systematic methodology for integrating a probabilistic SHM framework into model updating. Unfortunately, these lead to complex and time-consuming, causing limitations in their application. Metamodeling techniques which are effective stochastic predictors can be used to decrease the computational burden in the model updating. This study aims at adapting Polynomial-Chaos-Kriging metamodeling technique integrate to Bayesian model updating process to overcome the computational difficulties and reduce different source of uncertainty with using SHM, then, make more accurate reliability assessment. Therefore, an experimental study is used to assess reliability of structure that is exposed to different types of corrosion effects
Correction To: Assessing the Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Meteorological Drought in Afghanistan (Pure and Applied Geophysics, (2024), 10.1007/S00024-024-03578-x)
No full textCorrect affiliations of Mir Jafar Sadegh Safari should only include the following: Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Civil Engineering, Yaşar University, Izmir, Turkey Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Civil Engineering, Yaşar University, Izmir, Turkey The original article has been corrected. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024
Mimari Tasarım Sürecinde Kapsayıcı Sanal Gerçeklik Kullanımının Araştırılması
No full textBu çalışma, kapsayıcı sanal gerçeklik (iVR) teknolojisinin mimari tasarım sürecindeki rolünü ve mimari projelerin mimari hizmet alan kişilere yönelik sunumundaki etkisini değerlendirmeyi amaçlayan bir ön çalışmadır. Kapsayıcı sanal gerçeklik teknolojisi (iVR), kullanıcıların üç boyutlu sanal ortamlarda mekânsal algı ve etkileşim kapasitelerini artırarak mimari tasarım ve temsil süreçlerine yenilikler sunmaktadır. Araştırmada, kapsayıcı sanal gerçeklik teknolojisinin (iVR) mimari tasarımcılar ve mimari hizmet alan kişiler (müşteriler) üzerindeki etkisi iki ana yöntemle incelenmiştir. Bu yöntemler, altı adet tasarımcı ile yapılan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler ve sekiz müşteriyle gerçekleştirilen anket çalışmalarıdır. Bu kapsamda, çalışma hem profesyonel tasarım sürecindeki hem de müşteri sunumlarındaki deneyimleri kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirmeyi hedeflemiştir. Araştırmanın temel amacı, iVR’nin mekânsal algı, tasarım süreçlerine etkisi ve müşteri memnuniyeti üzerindeki potansiyelini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırma bulgularının sonucu, iVR’nin özellikle tasarımcılar için tasarım doğrulama sürecinde güçlü bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir. Mimarlar, iVR’yi mesafe ve ölçülerin test edilmesi, malzeme kullanımının değerlendirilmesi ve iç mekân düzenlemelerinin doğrulanması açısından etkili bulmuştur. Çalışmada müşterilerin, iVR’nin sunduğu yüksek “buradalık” hissi sayesinde, projeleri daha iyi anladıkları ve değerlendikleri ortaya konmuştur. Müşteriler, iVR kullanımı sayesinde projenin sunduğu mekânsal deneyimi daha somut bir şekilde hissedebilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, iVR’nin plan şeması gibi daha üst ölçek sayılabilecek tasarım kararlarında sınırlı bir araç olduğı, alan yazını takiben, tekrar ortaya konmuştur. Bu durum, iVR’nin geleneksel temsil araçlarıyla birlikte kullanıldığında (diğer-merkezli bakış açısı sunan plan çizimleri ve kesit çizimleri gibi) daha etkili olabileceğini göstermektedir
Valorizing Sugar Industry Byproduct Through Microalga for Pigment Production
No full textCurrently, consumers are seeking ways to obtain natural food colorants, and food supplements. Microalgal food colorants and supplements have become established in the food industry due to their ability to generate substantial biomass rich in polysaccharides, pigments, lipids, vitamins, and other bioactive compounds. However, the high costs associated with microalgal cultivation have gained interest in more economical alternatives. This study investigated the potential of using vinasse, a byproduct of the sugar industry, as a nutrient source to produce biomass, chlorophyll, and carotenoids with Parachlorella kessleri SAG211-11 h. The effects of culture conditions (vinasse concentration, light intensity and light/dark cycle) on chlorophyll a (Chl a), chlorophyll b (Chl b), and carotenoid content were investigated using Response Surface Methodology. The results showed that light intensity and light/dark cycle had a significant effect, especially on Chl a content (p 0.05). Light intensity also showed a significant effect on Chl b and carotenoid content (p 0.05). Response optimization was conducted under conditions of 5% vinasse concentration, 110 mu mol photons m(-2)s(-1), and 16:8 light dark cycle, yielding a Chl a content of 10.89 +/- 0.14 mg/L, Chl b content of 7.25 +/- 1.12 and carotenoid content of 2.79 +/- 0.94 mg/L. These results revealed that the chlorophyll content of P. kessleri cells can be enhanced under mixotrophic conditions by changing cultivation conditions with the usage of vinasse-based medium. Meanwhile, this research highlights vinasse as a sustainable carbon source for the cultivation of P. kessleri SAG211-11 h cells for chlorophyll and carotenoid production
Frontiers as a Rural Landscape: Conserving the Remains of the Roman Empire in Anatolia
No full textRoman frontiers, a part of which passes through Anatolia, are significant heritage remnants of the Roman Empire. Although essential steps have been taken to protect these frontiers and increase their visibility, efforts to protect the Roman frontier in Anatolia are insufficient. The construction of dams and the failure to consider archaeological sites and rural landscapes together create barriers to protection. This study investigates the conservation problems, implementations, and status of the Roman frontier in Anatolia. Common problems, exemplary legal regulations, and conservation practices are discussed by comparing the Anatolian and European frontier sections. Based on this discussion, we advocate for new legal regulations for rural-archaeological sites, increased research on the Roman frontier in Anatolia, greater awareness to strengthen its relationship with the public, and holistic conservation policies that prioritise the relationship of archaeological heritage with the landscape
Rings Whose Mininjective Modules Are Injective
No full textThe main goal of this paper is to characterize rings over which the mininjective modules are injective, so that the classes of mininjective modules and injective modules coincide. We show that these rings are precisely those Noetherian rings for which every min-flat module is projective and we study this characterization in the cases when the ring is Kasch, commutative and when it is quasi-Frobenius. We also treat the case of nxn upper triangular matrix rings, proving that their mininjective modules are injective if and only if n=2. We use the developed machinery to find a new type of examples of indigent modules (those whose subinjectivity domain contains only the injective modules), whose existence is known, so far, only in some rather restricted situations
Optimization of Tuned Mass Dampers by Considering Soil-Structure Interaction and Uncertainty in Soil Parameters
No full textThe tuned mass damper (TMD) is one of the oldest and most widely used passive control devices, designed to absorb lateral energy from structures and mitigate vibrations. Various methods have been proposed for the optimal design of TMDs to minimize structural responses in buildings. However, many of these approaches overlook soil-structure interaction (SSI). Among the few studies that do account for SSI, most rely on certain soil parameter values. In reality, however, soil parameters are uncertain and can vary due to environmental factors such as soil water content. This study introduces an innovative method for optimizing TMDs by incorporating soil parameter uncertainties. The method's effectiveness is evaluated by comparing TMDs optimized using the proposed approach, TMD designed by incorporating soil parameter uncertainties (TMD-UNC) with those optimized using certain soil parameters values (TMD-CRT) and those optimized without SSI consideration (TMD-FB). A 6-story shear building model with 200 uncertain soil scenarios is used for the comparison. The results showed that, on average, TMDs optimized for uncertainty marginally outperformed TMD-CRT-Mid, which is optimized with the midpoint of soil parameter ranges. However, these TMDs outperformed TMDs optimized for stiffest and softest soil conditions in reducing responses of uncertain systems. All these TMDs proved significantly more effective at reducing structural responses than the TMD designed for a fixed-base condition. © 2025 American Society of Civil Engineers