IYTE GCRIS Database (Izmir Institute of Technology)
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Effect of Drying Method on Selected Physical and Functional Properties of Powdered Black Soldier Fly Larvae
No full textThis research aimed to assay the impact of convective drying (CD) or infrared-convective (IR-CD) drying methods on the physical and techno-functional properties, FTIR spectra, and mathematical modeling of adsorption kinetics of black soldier fly larvae powders. By using convective drying, insect powder exhibited higher water content and water activity but lower hygroscopicity than powder dried with the infrared-convective method. After drying with the convective method, the powder exhibited a significantly lower loose and tapped bulk density and oil holding capacity (OHC). Furthermore, this powder was lighter and more yellow. The FTIR spectrum of the CD-dried powder showed lower absorption at key wavenumbers for the protein (1625 and 1350-1200 cm-1), indicating lower denaturation and less ability to bind water and water vapor. The mathematical modeling of the water vapor adsorption kinetics of insect powders via the second Fick's law for transient diffusion showed that this equation is suitable for adjusting the experimental data based on the high coefficient of determination (0.997-0.999) and the low root mean square (2.50-3.34%). This study revealed that the drying method influences insect powder properties, and the IR-CD method seems better in terms of obtaining better techno-functional properties
Exploring the internationalization of transformative journal agreements
No full textTransform2Open is a project funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) that addresses the development of budgets, criteria, competency profiles, and other processes at research institutions related to the finan cial aspects of the open access transformation. The project’s internationalization workshop in March 2025 explored “the Internationalization of Transformative Journal Agreements”: though they differ in the details, trans formative agreements share the underlying principle of combining costs for open access publishing and reading, with the ultimate goal of open access transformation. Drawing on examples and negotiation experience, the workshop stressed the importance and opportunities of standardisation, with a particular focus on the international level, while also recognizing standardization’s limitations and the need for a degree of variation and flexibility.Das von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) geförderte Projekt Transform2Open widmet sich der Weiterentwicklung von Budgets, Kriterien, Kompetenzen und damit verbundenen Prozessen an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen rund um die finanziellen Dimensionen der Open-Access-Transformation. Der Internationalisierungs-Workshop des Projekts im März 2025 konzentrierte sich darauf, die Internationalisierung von Transformationsverträgen zu untersuchen („Exploring the Internationalization of Transformative Journal Agreements”):
Transformationsverträge basieren grundsätzlich auf dem gleichen Prinzip: die Kosten für Open-Access-Publiz ieren und Lesen zu kombinieren, mit dem übergeordneten Ziel, den Übergang zu Open Access zu fördern. Sie unterscheiden sich jedoch in ihrer konkreten Ausgestaltung. Anhand von Beispielen und Verhandlungserfahrungen hob der Workshop die Bedeutung und die Möglichkeiten der Standardisierung hervor, mit besonderem Schwerpunkt auf der internationalen Ebene. Dabei wurden aber auch die Grenzen von Vereinheitlichung und der Bedarf an etwas Variation und Flexibilität deutlich
A Novel Phenalenone-Based Probe for Dual-Mode Hydrazine Detection
No full textDespite its toxic and carcinogenic nature, hydrazine (N2H4) remains a crucial compound in environmental and industrial applications. Its associated risks demand effective monitoring; however, conventional detection methods often fall short in sensitivity and accuracy, highlighting the need for innovative approaches. This study presents a novel turn-on probe based on phenalenone-phthalimide scaffold, 2-(1-oxo-1H-phenalen-6-yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione (6-AP-PI), specifically designed for N2H4 detection, offering a novel approach by combining fluorescence and electrochemical signals, thereby significantly enhancing detection performance. 6-AP-PI exhibits an exceptional selectivity and sensitivity toward N2H4 both in solution and cellular media, providing rapid signal enhancement (1 min) and a low limit of detection (490 nM). Overall, this dual-mode design effectively addresses the limitations of traditional methods, enhancing both sensitivity and selectivity, positioning the 6-AP-PI probe as a promising tool for future health, safety, and environmental protection applications
Hollowed and Perforated Fins in Latent Heat Storage Units for High-Temperature Hybrid Thermal Energy Storage Applications
No full textHigh-temperature thermal energy storage (TES) is essential for next-generation concentrated solar power (CSP) plants in order to ensure continuous energy supply. Hybridization of latent heat storage (LHS) and sensible heat storage (SHS) enhances energy density, thermal stability, and efficiency by leveraging the high storage capacity of phase change materials (PCMs) while reducing thermal ratcheting for sensible storage. This study focuses on a numerical analysis of a shell-and-tube LHS using sodium as heat transfer fluid (HTF). It examines the impact of hollowed and perforated fins to enhance effective heat exchange. Simulations were conducted in a 3D solution domain using ANSYS Fluent. The results show that fin removal rate and hole placement are crucial design factors. A 20% perforation rate in the Perforated fin-Middle(full) configuration maintains high heat transfer efficiency, reduces material costs, and increases PCM storage. In comparison to molten salts as HTFs, liquid metals exhibit effectively lower HTF outlet temperatures, which is vital for LHS-SHS integration. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing high-temperature TES units in large-scale CSP applications
Porous Polymer-Derived Ceramics for Environmental Applications: Sorption, Filtration, and Catalysis
No full textPolymer-derived ceramics (PDCs), obtained from preceramic polymers, have emerged as promising materials for environmental applications due to their high thermal and chemical stability, tunable nano-microstrucure and porosity, and versatile surface functionalities. This review focuses on the recent advances in porous PDCs and their use in key environmental fields such as sorption, filtration, and catalysis. A comparative analysis of precursor chemistry, synthesis strategies, and resulting structural properties is presented, emphasizing how these factors influence performance in environmental remediation tasks. By consolidating findings across specific application areas, the work aims to clarify the functional potential of PDCs and identify current research gaps and opportunities for future development in environmental material science
Utilization of 3D Cell Culture Methodologies To Model Alzheimer's Disease
No full textThis thesis introduces modeling Alzheimer's disease within a three-dimensional (3D) in-vitro platform by employing Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) technology. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation, leading to cognitive decline and neuronal degeneration. Alzheimer's disease has been modeled using conventional two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures and animal models. Despite experimental models having provided valuable insights, these models fail to recapitulate the human brain's physiology. Therefore, there is a need for more realistic experimental platforms. This study involved the fabrication of 3D Alzheimer's disease models from two different cell lines. SH-SY5Y and PC-12 cells were cultured to form 3D cellular structures using MagLev technology. Then, 3D Alzheimer's disease models were established by the incorporation of Aβ1-42 aggregates, which are known to drive neurotoxicity and disease progression in Alzheimer's pathology. Another aspect of this study is utilizing the 3D disease model as a drug screening platform by evaluating the neuroprotective potential of Curcumin, which is known for the disassociation of Aβ aggregates. The findings revealed that Curcumin, at optimal concentrations, significantly reduced Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, underscoring its potential as a therapeutic agent. This study demonstrated that Aβ-induced three-dimensional models of Alzheimer's disease were successfully developed through the MagLev technique and applied as a drug screening platform. This model represents a valuable alternative to traditional approaches in neurodegenerative disease research. This model can provide an understanding of the underlying mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease and facilitate the exploration of novel therapeutic strategies.Bu tez, Manyetik Levitasyon (MagLev) teknolojisini kullanarak Alzaymır hastalığının üç boyutlu (3B) bir in-vitro platformda modellenmesini tanıtmaktadır. Alzaymır hastalığı, bilişsel gerileme ve nöronal dejenerasyona yol açan amiloid beta (Aβ) birikimi ile karakterize edilir. Alzaymır hastalığı, geleneksel iki boyutlu (2B) hücre kültürleri ve hayvan modelleri kullanılarak modellenmiştir. Deneysel modeller değerli bilgiler sağlamış olsa da bu modeller insan beyninin fizyolojisini yansıtmakta başarısız olmaktadır. Bu nedenle, daha gerçekçi deneysel platformlara ihtiyaç vardır. Bu çalışmada, iki farklı hücre hattı kullanılarak 3B Alzaymır hastalığı modelleri oluşturulmuştur. SH-SY5Y ve PC-12 hücreleri, MagLev teknolojisi kullanılarak 3B hücresel yapılar oluşturacak şekilde kültürlenmiştir. Daha sonra, Alzaymır hastalığının patolojisinde nörotoksisiteyi artıran ve hastalığın ilerlemesine neden olan Aβ1-42 agregatları modele eklenerek 3B Alzaymır hastalık modelleri oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın bir diğer yönü, Aβ agregatlarını disosiye ettiği bilinen Kurkumin'in nöroprotektif potansiyelini değerlendirerek 3B hastalık modelini bir ilaç tarama platformu olarak kullanmaktır. Elde edilen bulgular, optimal konsantrasyonlarda Kurkumin'in, Aβ kaynaklı nörotoksisiteyi önemli ölçüde azalttığını göstererek terapötik bir ajan olarak potansiyelini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışma, Aβ ile indüklenen 3B Alzaymır hastalığı modellerinin MagLev tekniği kullanılarak başarıyla geliştirildiğini ve bir ilaç tarama platformu olarak uygulandığını göstermektedir. Bu model, nörodejeneratif hastalık araştırmalarında geleneksel yaklaşımlara değerli bir alternatif sunmaktadır. Ayrıca, Alzaymır hastalığının altında yatan mekanizmaların anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunarak yeni terapötik stratejilerin keşfini kolaylaştırabilir
Advancing Nanofluid Numerical Modelling: a Novel Euler–Lagrange Method With Experimental Validation
No full textWe present a novel approach to numerical modelling of thermal nanofluids based on the Euler-Lagrange method. This approach overcomes the challenge of extremely fine temporal discretization, which previous Euler-Lagrange nanofluid numerical models struggled to address, while also avoiding the need for too many Lagrangian nanoparticles. A numerical uncertainty assessment method is adapted for the proposed approach. The model is validated with a simple verification case and applied to simulate a closed natural circulation loop heat exchanger operating with heating power ranging from 10 W to 50 W and nanoparticle volume fractions of 0.5% to 2%, using an Al2O3-water nanofluid. Results are compared with experimental temperature measurements and an Euler-Euler implementation of the same nanofluid. The model is also applied to simulate the natural convection inside a vertical enclosure, studied experimentally by other authors. The proposed novel approach demonstrates agreement with both experimental data and the Euler-Euler implementation, effectively capturing the overall behaviour of nanofluids. We establish, that the interplay of multiple transport phenomena, that occur in nanofluid operated devices, can be difficult to completely reproduce numerically within the framework of current modelling assumptions
The Effectiveness of Genetic Markers and the Role of Environmental Factors in Hip Dysplasia and Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Shoulder in German Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, and German Wirehaired Pointer (Deutsch Drahthaar) Dogs
No full textCanine Hip Dysplasia (CHD) is the most frequently diagnosed orthopedic condition in dogs. Similar to CHD, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the shoulder is a developmental disorder in dogs that significantly impacts animal welfare. As polygenic genetic disorders, they exhibit a complex mode of inheritance. Although there are numerous clinical studies, there is insufficient information about the genetic basis of these disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the relationship of the prognostic genetic test markers with CHD and OCD in German Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, and German Wirehaired Pointer dogs. We evaluated the efficiency of five SNP markers from the prognostic genetic test for CHD (the Dysgen test) based on available GWAS data in German Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, and German Wirehaired Pointer dogs. Radiographs were captured and assessed according to the official FCI scale for hip dysplasia. In German Wirehaired Pointers, shoulder X-ray evaluations were also performed. We used custom FRET-based primer probes in Real-time PCR and Sanger sequencing for genotyping and tested the evaluation using multiple logistic regression procedures. German shepherds emerged as the most vulnerable to CHD (P 0.001). In the final logistic model, females are expected to have a 3.54 times higher likelihood of experiencing CHD compared to males (P 0.05). SNP BICF2G630558239 demonstrated a notable association with CHD, indicating that the GG genotype poses a risk. This SNP is situated in the intronic region of the KIF26B gene, a member of the kinesin superfamily implicated in evolutionarily conserved roles in embryogenesis. We did not observe any association between shoulder OCD-related arthrosis and the SNPs studied. These results may contribute to understanding CHD by identifying genotypes associated with epidemiological risk, prompting the need to conduct more thorough investigations
Sustainable Processing of Brewers Spent Grain for Plant-Based Yogurt Alternatives
No full textDuring the preparation of beer wort, significant amounts of waste raw materials, such as brewers' spent grain (BSG), are generated. In line with the zero-waste approach, a processing technology for BSG was developed to valorize this by-product. The developed method involves obtaining a BSG extract (plant-based milk), followed by filtration to remove insoluble residues and subsequent fermentation to produce vegan BSG-based yogurt-like products, with and without the addition of sucrose, as well as pectin, guar gum, and konjac gum as stabilizers. The samples were analyzed for pH, moisture and protein content, water activity (Aw), color, viscosity, and syneresis, and were also subjected to an organoleptic evaluation. Fermentation with starter cultures yielded BSG-based yogurt-like products with an optimal pH (similar to 4.0), which, combined with Aw values below 0.95, ensures microbiological safety by inhibiting the growth of pathogenic and spoilage microorganisms. Due to phase separation, the use of stabilizers was necessary to achieve a yogurt-like texture. Their application also contributed to a reduction in syneresis-sometimes even preventing its occurrence-and led to an increase in viscosity, which ranged from 0.162 to 0.463 Pa.s, depending on the stabilizer used. The moisture content of fermented BSG extracts ranged from 88.2% to 91.7%. All samples showed similar protein content, approximately 50% on a dry matter basis. Furthermore, organoleptic assessment (5-point scale) revealed that sensory characteristics varied depending on the stabilizer and sugar used. The yogurt-like variant formulated with 0.5% pectin and 1% sucrose received the highest acceptance score (4.0), indicating good sensory quality
A Review of the Experimental and Numerical Studies on the Compression Behavior of the Additively Produced Metallic Lattice Structures at High and Low Strain Rates
No full textRecent advances in additive manufacturing have enabled the construction of metallic lattice structures with tailored mechanical and functional properties. One potential application of metallic lattice structures is in the impact load mitigation where an external kinetic energy is absorbed by the deformation/crushing of lattice cells. This has motivated a growing number of experimental and numerical studies, recently, on the crushing behavior of additively produced lattice structures. The present study overviews the dynamic and quasi-static crushing behavior of additively produced Ti64, 316L, and AlSiMg alloy lattice structures. The first part of the study summarizes the main features of two most commonly used additive processing techniques for lattice structures, namely selective-laser-melt (SLM) and electro-beam-melt (EBM), along with a description of commonly observed process induced defects. In the second part, the deformation and strain rate sensitivities of the selected alloy lattices are outlined together with the most widely used dynamic test methods, followed by a part on the observed microstructures of the SLM and EBM-processed Ti64, 316L and AlSiMg alloys. Finally, the experimental and numerical studies on the quasi-static and dynamic compression behavior of the additively processed Ti64, 316L, and AlSiMg alloy lattices are reviewed. The results of the experimental and numerical studies of the dynamic properties of various types of lattices, including graded, non-uniform strut size, hollow, non-uniform cell size, and bio-inspired, were tabulated together with the used dynamic testing methods. The dynamic tests have been noted to be mostly conducted in compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB) or Taylor- and direct-impact tests using the SHPB set-up, in all of which relatively small-size test specimens were tested. The test specimen size effect on the compression behavior of the lattices was further emphasized. It has also been shown that the lattices of Ti64 and AlSiMg alloys are relatively brittle as compared with the lattices of 316L alloy. Finally, the challenges associated with modelling lattice structures were explained and the micro tension tests and multi-scale modeling techniques combining microstructural characteristics with macroscopic lattice dynamics were recommended to improve the accuracy of the numerical simulations of the dynamic compression deformations of metallic lattice structures. © 2025 China Ordnance Societ