Design and Technology Education (LJMU)
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Sustainable design and website use amongst AS/A2 Level design and technology student projects
This paper examines current design thinking, and design practice within AS/A2 Level design and technology. The paper focuses on website use within AS/A2 Level design folio work, and the use of sustainable design websites. It reports the research data gathered from two trials, illustrating the engagement with sustainable design, websites and sustainable design websites within student design folio work. The paper gives several specific examples of current practice in these areas, highlighting current trends within AS/A2 Level design and technology education
The Role of Values in Design Decision-making
The paper presents the findings of a PhD study intodesign decision-making and specifically the use of values during design decision-making. Firstly it presents a model of design decision-making as a combination of the use of knowledge, skills and values and discusses a selection of the associated literature. It then describes the development of a taxonomy of values used in design decision-making developed from a series of pilot interviews, protocol analysis and focus groups. This was necessary because although the values agenda is not new, previous studies were found to have gaps, or did not reflect the current state of play. From this more in-depth case studies were carried out to explore the influence of values in design decision-making. Eight designers, ranging from A-level students to professionals were asked to design a lectern out of sustainable materials. They were given one day to complete the project. For one hourduring the day they were asked to ‘talk aloud’ while being videoed, also known as concurrent verbalisation and protocol analysis. They also took part in a 40 minute retrospective interview about their design work, at the end of the day. One professional was also asked to complete a ten day design project in order to verify the results against a longitudinal project. They also took part in a 40 minute retrospective interview at the end of the ten day period. The results were analysed using the new taxonomy as a coding system. The study illustrates the ability to research the role of values in design decision-making using a variety of techniques. The data generated shows values driving many of the decisions designers make including the way in which they cognitively organise their design activity and through which they can reduce avenues of enquiry. Thepaper discusses the key influences of both internal and external values, and similarities and differences between participants. Finally the paper discusses how these findings may contribute to the development of design and technology education and outlines possibilities for future work
A study of preferred information processing style and its relationship to gender and achievement in the context of design and technology project work
One way of raising the efficiency of a scholar’s learning and achievement is to improve teaching strategies employed by staff and the learning strategies adopted by the learner. Teachers have long recognised that learnersdiffer in how they learn and interact with the teaching materials provided for them. However, as Riding (2002) explained, teachers have often lacked a clear means of knowing what these differences were and thereby take account of such differences in their teaching. The research reported in this article attempts to illustrate two of these differences: namely preferred information processing style and gender, and their relationship to achievement in the context of design and technology project work across two phases of education. A smallscalestudy involving three separate cohorts was used for data collection purposes. Cohort A was made up of 54 students from a university in the North East of England. These students were studying to become secondaryschool teachers of design and technology. Cohort B was made up of 63 students from a university in the Midlands. In this instance these students were studying to become industrial product designers. Cohort C was made up of 50 Year 10 pupils. These pupils were studying for their GCSE design and technology examination. Data concerning,preferred information processing style, gender and achievement were analysed and the relationship between the selected variables was discussed. Conclusions pertinent to this study were then drawn in the hope thatteaching and learning strategies could be improved and that teachers in other institutions may be able to extrapolate from the findings to suit their own situations
The types of drawings that young children produce in response to design tasks
This article comes from the author’s research into young children’s use of drawing to support their design thinking. Part of that process was to sort and classify several hundred design drawings produced by children aged five to nine years over a three year period. The issues underlying asking children of this age to commit their design ideas to paper are discussed before the classification system is described. It must be stressed there is no sense of ‘levels’ or ‘age norms’ attached to these. They are simply a classification system. However, they do divideinto two main groups, which are classed as ‘static’ and ‘travelling’ depending on whether thechild perceived the usefulness of drawing as clarifying the task criteria or moving design ideas forward, which relate to the authors understanding of design drawings as both containers for ideas and conceptual journeys
The state of technology education : a European Commission perspective
This paper arises out of a consultancy to the European Commission. The commission had identified a problem with recruitment to Mathematics, Science and Technology (MST) subjects and careers across Europe and wishedto explore existing examples of good practice in the field. The paper describes the methodology used in two phases of the consultancy which set out to identify examples of good practice and highlights the problemsencountered in doing this with particular reference to Technology education. The paper then describes examples of good practice in Technology education provided and discusses some of the common problems encountered byEuropean countries in developing an effective system of technology education across all sectors of the education system