Revista Jurídica Digital UANDES
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Radical Picasso:The Use Value of Genius
No full textMore than any other modern artist, Pablo Picasso came to represent the idea of genius. Yet the aesthetic of genius, which governed Western thinking about art between the mid-eighteenth and mid-twentieth centuries, has also limited how we interpret Picasso’s work. In Radical Picasso, C.F.B. Miller deconstructs this dominant narrative in the history of art, dismantling the conventions that have circumscribed Picasso's reception. Instead, Picasso’s practice emerges as an assemblage whose density and agitation, negativity and excess, cannot be contained by hero-worship (or its inverse). The artworks in question are radical not least because they strike at the visual root of theory, the perceptual root of the aesthetic. Ranging across histories of art, literature, philosophy, and science, Miller critiques the Picasso myth, rethinks cubism and surrealism, and in the process transforms our understanding of European modernism.<br/
Normalizing extreme Imprisonment:the case of life without parole in California
No full textA critical, theoretical, and empirical examination of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole (LWOP) is long overdue. This book presents a unique case study of the 'normalization' of LWOP. More specifically, it explores the ties between LWOP's normalization and death penalty abolitionism, using California as a case study. Drawing on rich empirical research, it brings together relevant literature in criminology, the sociology of punishment, social policy, and sentencing to provide insights into the nature of American penal politics, the role of progressive pressure groups, and the relationship between life imprisonment and capital punishment.This study investigates the extent to which members of civil society who challenge capital punishment (lawyers, non-profit organizations, and lobbyists) have helped normalize LWOP by fostering the belief that it is humane and merciful. The monograph focuses on three domains where anti-death penalty activists have lobbied, campaigned, pled for, and agreed to LWOP; Congress, the political sphere, and courtrooms. For each domain, the book teases out the motivations of the main actors and agencies involved. It analyses the constraints under which they considered themselves to be operating, and the relationship between these motivations and the broad social, legal, and political environment in which they unfolded. Particular attention is paid to actors' understandings of the concepts of 'life' and 'death' in punishment.<br/
Humour in States of Occupation:Contemporary Art and Cultural Resilience in Palestine, Greece and Australia
No full textIntimately Inhabiting Borders:Walking In-Between Belonging and Otherness through Constructions of Home
No full textThis paper considers the ways in which borders are intimately inhabited through processes of attachment. It does so by foregrounding constructions of ‘home’ in the lives of migrant women who were part of a multicultural network in the North of England. Inspired by the concept of ‘the intimate’ it looks at how attachments–understood as connections located in modes of sensation–work to produce the border as a zone of practice by enabling a distinction between the norm of belonging and the exception of otherness. This paper thus adds to our understanding of the complexity of bordering by helping us understand better how borders are inhabited through attachments (in particular, familiarity, loss, hope, nostalgia and friendship) rather than simply traversed. It furthermore builds on our understanding of ‘home’ as an important geopolitical site beyond its association with mere safety or with danger by reflecting on how home operates more widely in relation to these broader processes of attachment. Drawing on the work of Homi Bhabha and his concept of the supplement, the paper argues that the observed spatial entanglement in lives lived is productive of an alternative logic of both/and–which highlights interconnection and co-constitution of scale–rather than the standard logics of either/or, which prioritises ranking and ordering of scale. Doing so, the paper demonstrates that opening up ideas of home, through drawing on ‘the intimate’ and focusing on questions of attachment, helps us to think through broader conceptions of life we encounter linked to the border beyond the reduction of human life, desire and allegiances to hierarchical accounts of social connections.</p
A tale of three cities: Aesthetico-cultural cosmopolitanism as a new capital among youth in Paris, Sao Paulo, and Seoul
No full textThis article adds to the literature on the consequences of cultural capital at the age of cultural globalization by analyzing the ways youth engage in globalized cultural consumption in three cities – Paris, São Paulo, and Seoul. Drawing on cosmopolitanism as an aesthetic and cultural stance of openness and on global cultural consumption as providing youth with cosmopolitan skills, we compare the uses of aesthetico-cultural cosmopolitanism in three contexts. We offer an original account of different uses of cosmopolitan cultural skills, which, to varying degrees in the three contexts, signal generational belonging, social distinction, educational and professional success, and personal eruditeness and fulfillment. Analysis of recent interviews with 80 youth in each city reveals distinct uses of aesthetico-cultural cosmopolitanism: as a vehicle for self-development (either empowerment or Bildung) in Paris, as a means for the cultivation of social capital for personal status in São Paulo, and as human capital serving for labor market entry and attainment in Seoul. Our findings accentuate that even with the prevalence of cultural globalization in global cities, the functions of cosmopolitan skills remain highly dependent on educational, institutional, cultural, and political contexts at the national level, which create different incentives and opportunities or barriers to experiencing otherness and developing new types of cultural capital.</p
DNA Molecular Storage System:Transferring Digitally Encoded Information through Bacterial Nanonetworks
No full textSince the birth of computer and networks, fueled by pervasive computing, Internet of Things and ubiquitous connectivity, the amount of data stored and transmitted has exponentially grown through the years. Due to this demand, new storage solutions are needed. One promising media is the DNA as it provides numerous advantages, which includes the ability to store dense information while achieving long-term reliability. However, the question as to how the data can be retrieved from a DNA-based archive, still remains. In this paper, we aim to address this question by proposing a new storage solution that relies on bacterial nanonetworks properties. Our solution allows digitally-encoded DNA to be stored into motility-restricted bacteria, which compose an archival architecture of clusters, and to be later retrieved by engineered motile bacteria, whenever reading operations are needed. We conducted extensive simulations, in order to determine the reliability of data retrieval from motility-restricted storage clusters, placed spatially at different locations. Aiming to assess the feasibility of our solution, we have also conducted wet lab experiments that show how bacteria nanonetworks can effectively retrieve a simple message, such as 'Hello World,' by conjugation with motility-restricted bacteria, and finally mobilize towards a target point for delivery.</p
Generalized probabilistic linguistic evidential reasoning approach for multi-criteria decision-making under uncertainty
No full textAs a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method, the evidential reasoning (ER) approach can deal with uncertainties that are resulted from the limited knowledge and experience of experts. Due to the lack of information in the decision-making process, experts usually cannot give quantitative evaluations, but can only express their views with linguistic terms. It is usually impossible for experts to give accurate linguistic terms since they may hesitate among several linguistic terms or interval ones. In addition, experts may have different preferences for different linguistic evaluations. To fully express the evaluations, the probability can be introduced to model the preferences of experts. In this study, we propose the generalized probabilistic linguistic term set (G-PLTS) to represent the evaluation information with various linguistic forms. Then, the ER approach is investigated in the environment with G-PLTSs. Besides, a gained and lost dominance score (GLDS) method is utilized to rank the alternatives, forming an integrated method, which we call the generalized probabilistic linguistic evidential reasoning (GPLER) approach, to solve the MCDM problems with several uncertainties. Finally, we apply this method to the screening of high-risk population of lung cancer to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.Keywords: General probabilistic linguistic term set; evidential reasoning approach; gained and lost dominance score method; screening of high-risk population for lung cancer<br/
Proporcionalidad en la aplicación de sanciones por faltas graves a la probidad administrativa. Comentario a la sentencia de la Corte Suprema Leal Condeza con Junta Nacional de Jardines Infantiles, rol 18823-2019, 2 de marzo de 2020
No full textThis work comments on the Supreme Court’s judgment Leal Condeza with Junta Nacional de Jardines Infantiles of March 2, 2020. It discusses the need to subject the Administration to a proportionality criteria in determining the disciplinary sanction for cases of an offense classified as a major violation of the principle of administrative probity. In opposition to the administrative jurisprudence of the Comptroller General of the Republic, the aforementioned is inadmissible. Under the latter’s criteria, such infractions must necessarily be sanctioned with dismissal, considering that the recognition of mitigating circumstances favors the official involved, allowing the eventual application of a sanction less burdensome disciplinary.El presente trabajo comenta la sentencia de la Corte Suprema “Leal Condeza con Junta Nacional de Jardines Infantiles”, de 2 de marzo de 2020, y discurre acerca de la necesidad de que la Administración se sujete a criterios de proporcionalidad en la determinación concreta de la sanción disciplinaria que se debe aplicar frente a una infracción calificable como una transgresión grave al principio de probidad administrativa. Lo anterior, en oposición a la jurisprudencia administrativa de la Contraloría General de la República para la que tales infracciones forzosamente deben ser sancionadas con destitución, al estimar que reconocer circunstancias atenuantes que permitan la eventual aplicación de una sanción disciplinaria menos gravosa en favor del funcionario involucrado, resulta inadmisible
Obligaciones alimenticias y competencia judicial internacional: régimen del ejercicio de la autonomía de la voluntad
No full textThis paper analyzes the choice of court rules as a ground of international jurisdiction in matters relating maintenance obligations from a European Union Member State’s court perspective. Study of the rules governing the choice of court clauses in favor of a member state’s court contained in the current Council Regulation (EC) n. 4/2009 of 18 December 2008 on jurisdiction, applicable law, recognition and enforcement of decisions and cooperation in matters relating to maintenance obligations. Express choice of court agreement: restrictive nature and prohibition of the exercise regarding minors under 18. And analysis of jurisdiction based on the defendant’s appearance, conflictive in disputes relating to maintenance obligations towards a child under that age. Study of choice of court clauses in favor of a third State court, a situation not regulated by Regulation 4/2009, putting at legal risk certainty. And the study of choice of court clauses in favor of an EFTA State court is only bound by the Lugano Convention on jurisdiction and the recognition and enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters on 30 October 2007, unilaterally ruled by Regulation 4/2009. Whose necessary integration with the general rules of this Convention generates many conflictive situations.Análisis del régimen de ejercicio de la autonomía de la voluntad como criterio de competencia judicial internacional en materia de obligaciones alimenticias desde la óptica de los órganos jurisdiccionales de un Estado miembro de la Unión Europea enfrentados a una reclamación de alimentos. Estudio de la normativa reguladora de las cláusulas de elección de foro a favor de un órgano jurisdiccional de un Estado miembro del Reglamento (CE) núm. 4/2009 del Consejo, de 18 de diciembre de 2008, relativo a la competencia, la ley aplicable, el reconocimiento y la ejecución de las resoluciones y la cooperación en materia de obligaciones de alimentos. Elección expresa de foro: carácter restrictivo y prohibición de su ejercicio respecto de menores de 18 años, frente a la libertad de los regímenes reguladores anteriores al Reglamento 4/2009. Y sumisión tácita, conflictiva respecto de alimentos para menores de esa edad. Estudio de las cláusulas de elección de foro a favor de los órganos jurisdiccionales de un tercer Estado, que el Reglamento 4/2009 no regula y que genera mucha inseguridad jurídica. Y estudio de las cláusulas de elección de foro a favor de los órganos jurisdiccionales de un Estado de la EFTA sólo vinculado por el Convenio de Lugano de 30 de octubre de 2007 relativo a la competencia judicial, el reconocimiento y la ejecución de resoluciones judiciales en materia civil y mercantil, que el Reglamento 4/2009, de modo unilateral, sí regula y cuya necesaria integración con la regulación general de este Convenio genera mucha controversia
La delación compensada desde una perspectiva penal
No full textThe criminalization of cartels implies that leniency policy, as an Antitrust Law’s enforcement tool, must also find a justification in the criminal sphere. Here it is argued that this justification is linked to the purposes of Criminal Law, an assumption that has various practical consequences, some of which are developed in this work.La criminalización de la colusión implica que la delación compensada, como herramienta de enforcement del derecho de libre competencia, debe encontrar también una justificación en el ámbito penal. Acá se sostiene que esa justificación se vincula con los fines del derecho penal, asunción que tiene diversas consecuencias prácticas, algunas de las cuales se desarrollan en este trabajo