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Preparing Teachers to Work with and for Remote Indigenous Communities: Unsettling Institutional Practices
No full textThis chapter reports on data from two separate Australian Government-funded projects related to the development of a remote professional experience. The first project, PREEpared (https://www.preepared.com) was interested in finding ways to better prepare pre-service teachers and teacher educators to counter oppressive curriculum and pedagogy and work with and for Australian remote communities in the context of Initial Teacher Education (ITE). The second involved planning, implementing and evaluating two remote placement experiences to understand the experiences of all relevant stakeholders. The question of how can ITE best serve remote communities was posed and a themed analysis conducted from a range of interview responses. Findings suggest those in initial teacher education need to unsettle some of the taken-for-granted professional education practices and documents the essential elements of a curriculum necessary to prepare pre-service teachers to work and learn in ethical, respectful and reciprocal ways. Analysis suggests that a specialised initial teacher education curriculum and professional experience that acknowledges and respects local needs and contexts is needed to adequately prepare teachers to work in and for remote communities where it is difficult to both attract and retain teachers
Contemporary Challenges in Heart Failure Management: Hospitalisations, Chronotropic Response, Exercise Intolerance and Therapeutic Strategies
No full textIntroduction: Despite stable rates of cardiovascular disease, the prevalence of heart failure (HF) is rising. Heart failure carries substantial economic burden and poor health related quality of life (HRQoL). Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is well-defined whilst HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is more difficult to diagnose, owing to its ‘normal’ left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The diagnosis, management and economics of HFrEF are well documented, whereas HFpEF by comparison is poorly understood. Furthermore, the rising comorbidities in people with HFpEF complicate treatment, reinforcing the need for a nuanced treatment approach. Management of both HF phenotypes is segmented, marked by high rates of polypharmacy, non-adherence and side effects. Despite the aetiological and pathological differences in people with HF, exercise tolerance and cardiovascular haemodynamics are adversely impacted. The force frequency relationship (FFR) is a unique myocardial property, facilitating cardiac output at elevated heart rates. Chronotropic incompetence (CI), defined as the inability to increase exercise heart rate to age predicted maximum during peak exercise, is a recognised presentation in HF and suspected to contribute to exercise intolerance. Moreover, an elevated resting heart rate reflects greater disease severity and is a significant predictor of poorer outcomes. Treatment approaches include implantable electronic cardiac devices and pharmaceutical therapy directed towards improving cardiovascular haemodynamics and neurohormonal pathology
Systemic TRPV4 inhibition worsens retinal response to acute intraocular pressure elevation in older but not younger mice
No full textSIGNIFICANCE
Previous evidence showed that transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) inhibition was protective of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss after chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation in young animals. However, the role of TRPV4 in mechanosensing IOP changes in the aging eye is not well understood.
PURPOSE
This study compared the recovery of retinal function and structure after acute IOP elevation in 3- and 12-month-old mouse eyes with and without TRPV4 inhibition.
METHODS
We examined retinal TRPV4 expression in 2-month-old rodent eyes using immunohistochemistry and transcript analysis of isolated macroglia and RGCs. To modulate TRPV4, mice were treated daily with either vehicle or a TRPV4 antagonist (HC-067047 10 mg/kg) delivered intraperitoneally for 7 days before and 7 days after IOP elevation (50 mmHg for 30 minutes). Retinal function and structure were assessed using dark-adapted full-field electroretinography and optical coherence tomography, respectively.
RESULTS
We showed that Müller cells strongly expressed TRPV4. Seven days after IOP elevation, RGC functional recovery was significantly poorer in older mice treated with TRPV4 antagonist compared with age-matched vehicle controls (−54 ± 7% vs. −24 ± 10%, p=0.046) and their younger TRPV4 antagonist–treated counterparts (−5 ± 5%,
The Barbie Phenomenon, Volume 2: Icon, Brand, Celebrity and Fandom
No full textThis book examines the evolution of Barbie as a brand and cultural icon, analysing her impact as a model for identity and a powerful influencer within the toy, fashion, and media industries. Since her debut in 1959, Barbie has evolved from a fashion doll to a symbol of empowerment, diversity, and social commentary, reflecting broader shifts in society’s views on identity, representation, and consumer culture.Through a historical and cultural lens, this study traces how Barbie has become a dynamic force in shaping public perceptions and cultural values. Key features of the book include an exploration of Barbie’s marketing strategies, brand adaptations, and role in reflecting and challenging societal expectations. Each chapter critically analyses major campaigns and collaborations that have positioned Barbie as both a beloved toy and a lifestyle brand. Additionally, the book examines controversies surrounding Barbie’s image, offering insights into how her branding navigates consumer expectations and societal pressures. This in-depth approach helps readers understand how Mattel has continuously adapted Barbie to stay relevant in a changing cultural landscape. Targeted at academics and students in fields such as popular culture, gender studies, sociology, and marketing, this book serves as a resource for understanding the intersections of consumer culture and identity formation. Readers will find valuable insights into the role of media and advertising on children’s self-perception and societal norms.Through a comprehensive exploration of Barbie’s influence, this book offers essential knowledge for those interested in the broader implications of branding and marketing in shaping societal ideals and individual aspirations
Pedagogical efforts for inclusion and social justice: Integrating multimodal resources in multilingual and multicultural classrooms in Chile
No full textThis chapter presents findings from a study investigating the implementation of multimodal language learning materials in superdiverse classrooms in Chile, focusing on low-achieving language learners. Utilizing a pedagogy of multiliteracies, the qualitative research explored the perspectives of seven secondary school students in an English as a foreign language (EFL) class, as well as their teacher's views on the benefits and challenges of using multimodal resources as an avenue to create more socially just and inclusive learning environments. Through the analysis of in-depth semi-structured interviews and focus-group discussions, findings suggest that while both students and the teacher acknowledged benefits like enhanced motivation and increased participation, there was consensus on the need for more structured lessons integrating technology. The teacher emphasized the creation of socially just environments that cater to culturally and linguistically diverse students. These findings capitalize on the importance of structured technology integration in language lessons for maximizing motivation and participation, while also highlighting the role of multimodal materials in fostering inclusivity
Navigating the Landscape of the .AU Dispute Resolution Policy As It Enters Its Second Decade
No full textThe .au Dispute Resolution Policy (auDRP) came into effect in 2002. The purpose of the auDRP is to provide an alternative to litigation for the quicker and cheaper resolution of disputes between the registrant of an .au domain name and a party with competing rights in the domain name. The auDRP appears to have been an effective method for resolving disputes, and since its inception some 344 auDRP decisions have been decided under the policy. As there have been no comprehensive studies to date providing data on the growing body of auDRP proceedings and practice which has evolved since 2002, the aim of this article is to begin to fill a gap in knowledge in Australian domain name law as a distinct and developing body of law
SSP: Early prediction of sepsis using fully connected LSTM-CNN model
No full textBackground: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs due to the body’s reaction to infections, and it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals. Early prediction of sepsis onset facilitates early interventions that promote the survival of suspected patients. However, reliable and intelligent systems for predicting sepsis are scarce.Methods: This paper presents a novel technique called Smart Sepsis Predictor (SSP) to predict sepsis onset in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). SSP is a deep neural network architecture that encompasses long short-term memory (LSTM), convolutional, and fully connected layers to achieve early prediction of sepsis. SSP can work in two modes; Mode 1 uses demographic data and vital signs, and Mode 2 uses laboratory test results in addition to demographic data and vital signs. To evaluate SSP, we have used the 2019 PhysioNet/CinC Challenge dataset, which includes the records of 40,366 patients admitted to the ICU.Results: To compare SSP with existing state-of-the-art methods, we have measured the accuracy of the SSP in 4-, 8-, and 12-h prediction windows using publicly available data. Our results show that the SSP performance in Mode 1 and Mode 2 is much higher than existing methods, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.89 and 0.92, 0.88 and 0.87, and 0.86 and 0.84 for 4 h, 8 h, and 12 h before sepsis onset, respectivelyConclusions: Using ICU data, sepsis onset can be predicted up to 12 h in advance. Our findings offer an early solution for mitigating the risk of sepsis onset
Language Teacher Agency: Navigating Complex and Diverse Educational Contexts
No full textThis open access book argues that language teacher agency is not simply a matter of individual choice, but is also shaped by the complex social, political and educational contexts in which language teachers work. It provides a framework for understanding the complexities of language teacher agency in a wide range of language. It offers practical advice on how to support language teachers in developing and enhancing their agency towards social, cultural, political and linguistic discourses and practices that have an impact on language teachers’ efficacy, intentionality, self-reflectiveness and identity. Through a wide range of methodological approaches such as (duo)ethnographic work, pedagogical interventions, narrative case studies, dialogic approaches and curriculum innovations, this book critically examines the individual and collective efforts of languages teachers as they build and exercise their agentic capacity within and across the contextual conditions in which they are situated.Part I considers the socio-cultural and socio-political factors which facilitate, or interfere with, the exercise of teacher agency in language classrooms, and the ways language teachers can exercise their agency to design locally relevant pedagogies. Part II examines the structural, systemic, ideological and pedagogical transformations needed in order for language teachers to be empowered to displace dominant pedagogies with more socially-just pedagogies to meet the needs of diverse students and of the curriculum. Finally, Part III looks at what dialogic practices can assist language teachers in mitigating dominant discourses and structural procedures, as well as what professional support is needed to assist language teachers in developing a sense of agency
Economic Evaluation of New Technologies and Promotions in the Australian Sheep and Wool Industries
No full textKnowledge about the size and distribution of returns from alternative broad types of R&D and promotion investments permit strategic-level decisions about resource allocation, both within and across research programs. The Australian sheep meat and wool industries are characterised by strong cross-commodity relationships due to the joint product nature of the industries. An equilibrium displacement model of the Australian sheep meat and wool industries was developed to account for these relationships and any indirect benefits and costs arising from spill-over and feedback effects between the industries as a result of research-induced innovation or promotion. The potential annual returns and their distribution among the various industry sectors were estimated from different hypothetical investment scenarios to demonstrate the model's relevance to R&D and promotion policy and decision-making
Australian Domain Name Law
No full textThis ground-breaking book is the first complete statement of Australian domain name law. Domain name law is a rapidly-evolving area of the law which concerns the contested rights of parties to registered domain names. While the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) provides the international legal framework, local authorities are responsible for dispute resolution concerning country code top-level domains (ccTLDs). In Australia, the relevant local policy governing .au domain name disputes is the .au Dispute Resolution Policy (auDRP).This pioneering work provides the first comprehensive statement of auDRP decisions, from the inception of the policy in 2002 to date. In this detailed work, the author examines the Australian and international regulatory frameworks for internet domain name disputes, the procedural rules which exist under the auDRP, and importantly, the substantive elements that must be established in order to bring a successful complaint under the auDRP. By examining auDRP decisions to date, this work aims to articulate some of the emerging themes arising under this relatively new area of Australian law.This book is at once scholarly, instructive, educational, and practical. It is essential reading for academics, practitioners, students, and all those interested in Australian domain name law and disputes, internet and e-commerce law, and intellectual property law