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Significance of a Late Ordovician Triarthrus (Trilobita, Olenidae) from New South Wales, Australia
No full textTriarthrus novoaustralis, a new species of olenid trilobite, is described from the Malachis Hill Formation (mid-Katian, Late Ordovician) near Keenans Bridge and Canobolas State Forest, west of Orange, New South Wales, Australia. This is the second named (and youngest) olenid occurrence from the entire Ordovician of eastern Gondwana. Additionally, its recognition enables revised stratigraphic correlation and enhanced biostratigraphic constraint of the upper Keenans Bridge section to the pre-Paraorthograptus pacificus graptolite Zone of early Bolindian age, based on the co-occurrence of Triarthrus with age-diagnostic graptolites from Canobolas State Forest
How we can avoid silencing children about forbidden topics
No full textWhile there has been some improvement in children’s ability to talk about their experiences of abuse, much more can be done to support their safety and agency
Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep and goats in Fiji
No full textThere are two classes of anthelmintic (levamisole and benzimidazoles) have been used to control gastrointestinal nematodes of goats and sheep on smallholder and commercial farms in Fiji for more than 40 years. Given the potential this provides for the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR). A study was conducted to determine the level of AR on eleven farms across the Western and Northern divisions of Fiji. Efficacy was determined by faecal egg count reduction tests (FECRT) following administration of levamisole (LEV), albendazole (ALB), levamisole + albendazole combination (LEV+ALB), ivermectin (IVM), moxidectin (MOX) and the Haemonchus specific closantel (CLO). At day 14 following administration, resistance (FECRT 95%) to IVM was found in all 3 sheep farms and 3 of 4 tested goat farms while MOX was fully effective on the 7 farms tested. The combination of LEV+ALB was effected on all 4 goat farms and 2 of 3 sheep farms. There was evidence of reduced efficacy of CLO against Haemonchus contortus on goat but not sheep farms. Reduced efficacy of ALB and LEV against both Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis was observed with overall average efficacy percentages being LEV (91.6%), ALB (65.3%), LEV + ALB (94.4%), IVM (97.4%), and MOX (98.7%). Moxidectin exhibited persistent efficacy to day 28 on 50% of goat farms and up to 42 days against Haemonchus contortus on sheep farms. CLO exhibited sustained efficacy against Haemonchus contortus for 28 days in both goats and sheep
Progesterone after mifepristone: A pilot prospective single arm clinical trial for women who have changed their mind after commencing medical abortion
Get PDFAim: This pilot study aimed to assess the utility of an oral progesterone treatment protocol for women who commenced medical abortion and then changed their mind and wished instead to maintain their pregnancy. Methods: The Progesterone-After-Mifepristone—pilot for efficacy and reproducibility (PAMper) trial was designed as a prospective single-arm pilot clinical trial, conducted via telehealth. Women aged 18 to 45 years in Australia who reported ingesting mifepristone within the last 72 h to initiate medical abortion and had not taken misoprostol were included. Initial contact was by a web-based form. Following informed consent, participants were prescribed oral progesterone to be taken 400 mg twice per day for 3 days then 400 mg at night until completion of a 19 day course. Pregnancy viability was assessed by ultrasound scan after 14 days of progesterone treatment. Results: Between October 2020 and June 2021, nine women contacted the PAMper trial, of whom six enrolled and commenced progesterone treatment. These women reported ingesting mifepristone at 40–70 days of gestation, with progesterone being commenced within 5.7–72 h of mifepristone ingestion. Five participants had ongoing, live pregnancies at the primary endpoint (ultrasound at >2 weeks). One participant had a miscarriage after 9 days of progesterone treatment. There were no clinically significant adverse events.2 weeks). One participant had a miscarriage after 9 days of progesterone treatment. There were no clinically significant adverse events. Conclusion: This small study demonstrated a clinically sound protocol for research-ing the use of progesterone-after-mifepristone for women in this circumstance. Results of this pilot study support the need for further larger scale trials in this field
Using Social Media to Cope with Psychological Distress and Fear of Missing Out: The Role of Social Media Reward Expectancies in Social Media Addiction
No full textThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the degree to which social media addiction is associated with reward expectancies and psychological distress. A sample of 305 Australian par-ticipants (Mage= 33.75; 70.8% female) completed an anonymous online questionnaire measuringsocial media reward expectancies, psychological distress, fear of missing out (FoMO), social media engagement, and social media addiction. Social media engagement mediated the relationship between psychological distress and social media addiction and the relationship between FoMO and social media addiction. Social media reward expectancies mediated the relationship between psychological distress and social media addiction and the relationship between FoMO and social media addiction. Social media engagement and social media reward expectancies serially mediated the relationship between psychological distress and social media addiction and the relationship between FoMO and social media addiction. The study’s findings suggest that reward expectancies may play a role in the development of social media addiction
EuPPollNet: A European Database of Plant-Pollinator Networks
No full textMotivation: Pollinators play a crucial role in maintaining Earth's terrestrial biodiversity. However, rapid human-induced environmental changes are compromising the long-term persistence of plant-pollinator interactions. Unfortunately, we lack robust, generalisable data capturing how plant-pollinator communities are structured across space and time. Here, we present the EuPPollNet (European Plant-Pollinator Networks) database, a fully open European-level database containing harmonized taxonomic data on plant-pollinator interactions referenced in both space and time, along with other ecological variables of interest. In addition, we evaluate the taxonomic and sampling coverage of EuPPollNet, and summarise key structural properties inplant-pollinator networks. We believe EuPPollNet will stimulate research to address data gaps in plant-pollinator interactions and guide future efforts in conservation planning.Main Types of Variables Included: EuPPollNet contains 1,162,109 interactions between plants and pollinators from 1864distinct networks, which belong to 52 different studies distributed across 23 European countries. Information about sampling methodology, habitat type, biogeographic region and additional taxonomic rank information (i.e. order, family, genus and species) is also provided.Spatial Location and Grain: The database contains 1214 different sampling locations from 13 different natural and anthropogenic habitats that fall in 7 different biogeographic regions. All records are geo-referenced and presented in the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84).Time Period and Grain: Species interaction data was collected between 2004 and 2021.Major Taxa and Level of Measurement: The database contains interaction data at the species level for 94% of the records, including a total of 1411 plant and 2223 pollinator species. The database includes data on 6% of the European species of flowering plants, 34% of bees, 26% of butterflies and 33% of syrphid species at the European level.Software Format: The database was built with R and is stored in '.rds' and '.csv' formats. Its construction is fully reproducible and can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14747448
Women's Magazines, Crime, and Justice: Invitational Rhetoric in a Decade of True Crime in Australian Women's Weekly
No full textThis chapter examines the intersections of justice, feminism, and popular culture represented by true crime stories in women’s magazines. It analyses true crime stories that appeared in Australia’s longest-running and consistently popular women’s magazine, Australian Women’s Weekly, over ten years of publication from 2010 to 2019. The chapter answers two questions: what types of stories and themes recur in the magazine’s true crime content, and how does the magazine shape perceptions of justice? The analysis uncovered four common story types in the true crime content: those highlighting institutional failure toward women; those appealing to a community of female readers for help; those seeking to educate a community of women to prevent crime before it happens; and those celebrating the trailblazing women making change to the justice institutions from within. Australian Women’s Weekly shaped perceptions of justice in these true crime stories using invitational rhetoric, which Foss and Griffin (1995) define as the offering of different perspectives in order to come to mutual understanding of an issue
Investigating mitigation strategies to reduce environmental ammonia for intensively housed sheep and cattle
No full textPhysiological and behavioural data collected from cattle and sheep in three experiments related to the thesis
Evaluation of in-service inclusive education teacher mindsets: relationship between beliefs and practices
No full textInnovative learning environments are educational settings that promote flexibility, and collaboration, thereby necessitating a shift in teachers' mindsets to effectively foster inclusivity in these dynamic spaces. Mindsets are our beliefs about human attributes, including abilities. The article investigates the degree to which in-service teachers, enrolled in a postgraduate inclusive education course, enact a growth mindset in response to an assessment task. Notably, the study reveals that although 80% of the participants self-reported having a growth mindset, only 44% demonstrated such a mindset in their assignment. The article underscores the need for a deeper understanding of mindsets among teachers to meet the challenges of aligning teachers' mindsets with their actual teaching practices. Implications for teachers in meeting the demands as responsive practitioners is discussed
Enhanced NH3 and NO sensing performance of Ti3C2O2 MXene by biaxial strain: insights from first-principles calculations
No full textIn this study, we investigate the adsorption properties of CO, NH3, and NO gases on Ti3C2O2 MXene surfaces through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. A comprehensive analysis of the adsorption preferences, electronic properties, work function (φ), sensitivity (S), and recovery time (τ) was conducted, focusing on the effects of biaxial strain (ε) ranging from −2% to 4%. At free strain, toxic gases can adsorb onto the Ti3C2O2 surface, with adsorption energies (Ead) of −0.096 eV (CO), −0.344 eV (NH3), and −0.349 eV (NO), indicating moderate interactions between NH3, NO and the Ti3C2O2 surface, while CO displays weaker physisorption. Electron density difference (EDD) and electron localization function (ELF) analyses underscore the electron transfer mechanisms, supporting the enhanced sensitivity of Ti3C2O2 for NH3 and NO detection. The influence of e on gas adsorption behaviour was also studied, demonstrating that tensile strain enhances NH3 adsorption (Ead = −0.551 eV at ε = 4%), while NO exhibits an inverse trend under compressive strain (Ead = −0.403 eV at ε = −2%). The S based on a change rate of φ was evaluated to be around 12% and 6% for NH3 and NO, respectively, within the calculated strain range, indicating sufficient detection capability. Additionally, the τ for NH3 and NO detection was computed. At 0% strain and 300 K, the τ values for NH3 and NO are in the microsecond range, suggesting that detecting these gases under normal conditions poses a challenge. However, strain-tuned Ti3C2O2 and lowered temperature enhance the gas sensing performance, with increased τ values at tensile strain for NH3 and compressive strain for NO. These results suggest that Ti3C2O2 MXene, when tuned with biaxial strain, is a promising candidate for detecting NH3 and NO at low to room temperatures