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Calibrating ERAPave PP with field performance data [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThe conventional pavement design approach considers various parameters for the optimization of pavements for the prevailing traffic and environmental conditions. Demands related to technological developments, climate adaptation and infrastructure resilience are expected to influence the way pavements are designed and constructed. For this, better and improved flexible pavement design tools are required. ERAPave performance prediction (PP) which is a mechanistic-empirical (M-E) pavement design tool is currently under development with the goal of addressing the several challenges facing the pavement industry. This paper calibrates the permanent deformation prediction approach in ERAPave PP using pavement performance data from actual field pavements. As traffic volume is observed to have a significant influence on predicted results, separate calibration was performed for medium-to-high-volume and low-volume traffic categories. A global calibration factor is used for this purpose, significantly improving the accuracy of the prediction for both categories. Prediction accuracy can be improved further through the consideration of observed rut depth variability. </p
Socialization, citizenship and the electoral integration of refugees: evidence from Sweden [Elektronisk resurs]
No full textThis article seeks to fill a research gap by analysing refugees’ voting behavior, using Sweden (known for high refugee immigration, relatively liberal enfranchisement rules, and comprehensive electoral data) as a case study. Relying on register data on turnout from Swedish municipal elections, the article sheds new light on how the political integration of refugees varies. We test theories of resocialization and examine the extent to which a refugee’s political integration is affected by the surrounding environment, focusing on the political culture of the areas surrounding their neighborhoods. The results show that two major factors strongly affect refugee turnout rates: the acquisition of citizenship, and the degree of diversity of nationality in the districts in which refugees live, based on different experiences of “bonding” and “bridging” with the surrounding environment.</p
Anti-colonial global scholarship : contexts, perspectives, and debates
No full textThis volume brings together key scholars from across the globe to explore anti-colonial and anti-imperial perspectives to help transform our ways of the looking at the world. Collectively, these chapters introduce new frameworks and methodologies that challenge the dominance of Western paradigms while highlighting the multiplicity of issues and themes emerging from colonialized countries, past and present. By rethinking the foundational assumptions of European history and society, this book offers new frameworks to comprehend the past and future of social science and humanities, while inspiring readers to approach knowledge about human societies through a truly global, anti-colonial lens.</p
The effect of ordinal rank in school on educational achievement and income in Sweden
No full textThis study examines the influence of students’ ordinal positions in the distribution of grades in their ninth-grade school cohort on subsequent educational and labor market outcomes using population-wide data for Sweden. The identification strategy uses differences between students’ ranks in their school and their ranks in the country-wide ability distribution after conditioning on school-cohort fixed effects and school-level grade distributions. The findings reveal an advantage of occupying a higher rank in school with respect to educational and labor market accomplishments in adulthood, whereas a lower rank yields adverse consequences. Contrary to findings from the United States, no effect is found for students situated in the middle of the rank distribution. This study also shows that ordinal rank effects are more pronounced for students with lower socio-economic status and for female students at the top of their school ability distribution. This study highlights the importance of students’ rank positions in determining their future academic and professional outcomes.</p
The Bounded Limitlessness of Digital Gender-Sexual Violations : The Implications for Women and Gender-Sexual Relations
No full textDevelopments in digital technologies might provide limitless ways to reshape humanity's very existence, but also open up what we term "bounded limitless" opportunities for digital gender-sexual violations (DGSV). That is, "limitless" opportunities for men to sexually violate women within the inherent "boundedness" of digital technological infrastructures and architectures. Building on the existing interdisciplinary feminist scholarship, we explore the gendered disbenefits, specifically some of the ways in which digital technologies provide men with "bounded limitless" opportunities to perpetrate DGSV in physical and virtual times and spaces, and the implications for women, their bodies, and gender-sexual relations more broadly.</p
Translating Somebody Else’s Other : the Universe of <em>Tōma no shinzō</em> in English and French
No full textImmigrant Background and Rape Conviction [Elektronisk resurs] : A 21-Year Follow-Up Study in Sweden
No full textWhile extensive research exists on the severe consequences among rape victims, little is known about specific predictors in relation to rape convictions among immigrants to Europe. This study from Sweden (having one of Europe's highest per capita rates of rape) investigates individuals convicted of rape, aggravated rape, attempted rape, or attempted aggravated rape, collectively termed as rape+, against women 18 years or older, from 2000 to 2020. In this case-control study, we analyzed data from Swedish population-based registers. The analysis includes 4,032 individuals convicted of rape+ and 20,160 matched controls. We used logistic regression models to examine the relationship between immigrant background and rape+ convictions, while adjusting for several potential confounders. We found that 36.9% of the convicted individuals and 69.5% of the controls were Swedish-born with two Swedish-born parents. The odds of being convicted of rape were higher for individuals with an immigrant background across all models. After adjusting for potential confounders (socioeconomic status, substance use disorders, psychiatric disorders, and criminal behavior), these odds decreased but remained significant, especially for those born outside Sweden and arriving at age 15 or older. Our findings reveal a strong link between immigrant background and rape convictions that remains after statistical adjustment. The mechanisms behind the overrepresentation of individuals with an immigrant background among those convicted of rape+ need further exploration