Revista de Cultura de paz
Not a member yet
139 research outputs found
Sort by
Migrações forçadas - Venezuela/BR-Rio de Janeiro: o processo de socialização e a representação social do trabalho
Get PDFAccording to UNHCR, Brazil is the Latin American country that most welcomed refugees in 2020. This article presents a survey of 63 Venezuelans established in Rio de Janeiro in 2018, through the partnership between the Extension Project: Socialization and Social Inclusion of the Institute of Psychology of UERJ and the Program for Assistance to Refugees and Refugee Applicants (PARES) Cáritas RJ. The objective was to map and analyze the impacts of these forced migrations on the socialization process, based on work as a device for social inclusion. The theoretical approach cuts across Psychology (Social, Labor and Organizational) and has Social Representations as a methodological basis. Data collection was performed using a questionnaire, structured in social representations about work and the future, based on free evocations and sociodemographic data. The tabulation of the data included the sociodemographic variables and the prototypical and similitude analyzes of the evocations. The results of this exploratory study demonstrated the presence of the central elements Stability and Quality of life in social representations, indicating work as a fundamental factor for social inclusion, facilitating the socialization process. Studies have shown that the country has a receptive legislation, encouraging social inclusion, with actions and programs that outline a peace culture. The research promoted the consolidation and expansion of the partnership with PARES Cáritas RJ, with the planning and execution of different actions aimed at meeting the demand of this social group, related to entering the Brazilian labor market, and, therefore, facilitators of the socialization process.Segundo o ACNUR, o Brasil é o país latino-americano que mais acolheu refugiados em 2020. Este artigo apresenta uma pesquisa com 63 venezuelanos estabelecidos no Rio de Janeiro, em 2018, através da parceria entre o Projeto de extensão: Socialização e Inclusão Social do Instituto de Psicologia da UERJ e o Programa de Atendimento a Refugiados e Solicitantes de Refúgio (PARES) Cáritas RJ. O objetivo foi mapear e analisar os impactos dessas migrações forçadas sobre o processo de socialização, a partir do trabalho enquanto dispositivo de inclusão social. O enfoque teórico atravessa a Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações e como base metodológica as Representações Sociais. A coleta de dados foi realizada por questionário, estruturado em representações sociais acerca do trabalho e futuro, a partir de evocações livres e dados sociodemográficos. A tabulação dos dados incluiu as variáveis sociodemográficas e as análises prototípicas e de similitude das evocações. Os resultados deste estudo exploratório demonstraram a presença dos elementos centrais Estabilidade e Qualidade de vida nas representações sociais, indicando o trabalho como fator fundamental para inclusão social, facilitador do processo de socialização. Os estudos apresentaram uma legislação receptiva no Brasil, estimulando a inclusão social, com ações e programas que delineiam uma de cultura de paz. A pesquisa promoveu a consolidação e ampliação da parceria com o PARES Cáritas RJ, com o planejamento e execução de diferentes ações voltadas para atender a demanda desse grupo social, relacionadas ao ingresso no mercado de trabalho brasileiro, e, portanto, facilitadoras do processo de socialização
Projeto Vidas Paralelas Migrantes: experiência desenvolvida com venezuelanos acolhidos pelas Aldeias Infantis SOS/Brasil
Get PDFProject Parallel Migrant Lives in Brazil-France is an international research cooperation funded by CAPES-COFECUB. It involves the University of Brasilia, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Université Paris XIII and Université Paul Valery. This paper constitutes a section of research developed by the University of Brasilia, between 2018 and 2019, which aims to share the experience of the Parallel Migrant Lives Project developed with Venezuelans hosted by a partner of the project: the organization Aldeias Infantis SOS Brasil, located in Brasília. Thus, we seek to reflect on the collective construction process and the challenges and advances related to the implementation of a proposal that involved the integration process of teaching-research-extension. In this sense, these reflections permeate the difficulties of concatenating times, agendas, objectives, processes and expectations which obey such unique and different dynamics, such as the academic universe, the daily life of civil society organizations, and the demands migrant subjects. This paper covers this triangulation of expectations, objectives and results achieved, problematizing the challenges inherent to the dialogical production of knowledge about migration.O Projeto Vidas Paralelas Migrantes Brasil-França é uma cooperação internacional de pesquisa financiada por edital CAPES-COFECUB, que envolve a Universidade de Brasília, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Université Paris XIII e Université Paul Valery, financiado por edital CAPES-COFECUB. Este artigo constitui um recorte de pesquisa desenvolvido pela Universidade de Brasília, entre 2018 e 2019, que visa compartilhar especificamente a experiência do Projeto Vidas Paralelas Migrantes desenvolvida com venezuelanos acolhidos pela organização Aldeias Infantis SOS Brasil, situada em Brasília, parceira do projeto. Desse modo, busca-se refletir sobre o processo de construção coletiva e os desafios e avanços relativos à implementação de uma proposta que envolveu a integração ensino-pesquisa-extensão. Nesse sentido, as reflexões aqui contidas perpassam as dificuldades de concatenar tempos, agendas, objetivos, processos e expectativas que obedecem a dinâmicas tão próprias e distintas, tais como são o universo acadêmico, o cotidiano das organizações da sociedade civil e, sobretudo, as demandas reais dos sujeitos migrantes. Assim, o artigo percorre essa triangulação de expectativas, objetivos e resultados alcançados, problematizando os desafios inerentes à produção dialógica do conhecimento acerca da migração
Resiliencia y Paz. Prevención mejor que tratamiento
Get PDFIntroduction: This work seeks to find literature that supports the idea of resilience as a tool for the prevention of violence, thus promoting peaceful coexistence. To this end, it analyses the work that supports this possible new dimension of violence in addition to the novel term «Resilient Peace» which unifies these two terms by presenting a new type of peace.Methodology: A search equation and the term «Resilient Peace» have been used in different databases, and by applying exclusion criteria, the sample has finally resulted in 15 texts.Results and conclusions: After the analysis of these texts, it seems to show this preventive dimension of resilience, which does not have much academic scope, therefore, could neutralize violence, preventing its appearance. It is also necessary to address the daily nature of this dimension, since this prevention in situations where there is a vital threat is not useful.Introducción: Este trabajo busca encontrar literatura que apoye la idea de la resiliencia como herramienta para la prevención de la violencia, fomentando de esta manera una convivencia pacífica. Para ello analiza los trabajos que apoyan esta posible nueva dimensión de la violencia además del novedoso término “Paz Resiliente” el cual unifica estos dos términos presentando un nuevo tipo de paz. Metodología: Se ha usado una ecuación de búsqueda y el término “Paz resiliente” en diferentes bases de datos, y mediante la aplicación de unos criterios de exclusión, la muestra finalmente ha resultado en 15 textos. Resultados y conclusiones: Tras el análisis de dichos textos, parece evidenciar esta dimensión preventiva de la resiliencia, la cual no posee mucho alcance académico, por lo tanto, la resiliencia podría neutralizar la violencia, impidiendo su aparición. También es necesario atender al carácter cotidiano de esta dimensión, ya que no resulta útil esta prevención sobre situaciones en las que exista amenaza vital
Agua, tierra y paz: tribunales consuetudinarios y el patrimonio del Antropoceno
Get PDFHeritage has become a crucial political instrument, which ratifies or rejects cultural objects as iceberg-symbols of social realities that are much more complex than what the patrimonial metaphor or metonymy allows us to see. Assuming this dialectically critical perspective of the decolonized heritage, this article proposes a comparative analysis of two very diverse types of customary jurisdiction considered of patrimonial value: on the one hand, the Tribunal de las Aguas of Valencia (or Tribunal of Water of Valencia) and the Wise Men of Murcia), and, on the other hand, the Khutas of the Zambezi in Namibia. Based on a detailed analysis that will show the similarities between ways of settling conflicts, the final objective is to address the question of why the Spanish cases have been patrimonialized by UNESCO and not the Namibian one, considering that the figure or concept of heritage, as it is conceived nowadays, allows a profound interpellation about who we are as cultural entities.El patrimonio ha devenido un instrumento político de primer orden, que ratifica o desestima objetos culturales como símbolos-iceberg de realidades sociales mucho más complejas de lo que nos deja ver la metáfora o metonimia patrimonial. Asumiendo esta perspectiva dialécticamente crítica del patrimonio descolonizado, este artículo propone un análisis comparado de dos tipos muy diversos de jurisdicción consuetudinaria considerada de valor patrimonial: el Tribunal de las Aguas de Valencia y el Consejo de Hombres de Buenos de la Huerta de Murcia, de un lado, y los khutas del Zambeze en Namibia, de otro. Partiendo de un análisis detallado que mostrará las similitudes entre formas de dirimir conflictos, el objetivo final es abordar la pregunta de por qué se ha dado en patrimonializar vía UNESCO los casos españoles y no el namibio, considerando que la figura o concepto del patrimonio, tal y como se concibe hoy, permite una profunda interpelación sobre quiénes somos en tanto que entes culturales
Teología y paz, su aporte en la educación. Avances históricos y retos
Get PDFTheology and Peace are categories that are closely related; sometimes ambiguous, especially when the belief in God is used as a pretext for war. However, the history of theological reflection enriches the action of Christians in conflict situations. Theological education, from a transforming critical point of view, is called upon to propose values for the different beliefs that contribute to coexistence, construction and, consolidation of Peace. This research is a contribution of the research seedbed “Theology and Society” of the Universidad Santo Tomás. From the qualitative paradigm and with a hermeneutical approach, as well as applying a documentary analysis as a method; relationships between Education, Theology, and Peace are established. Challenges are proposed for the teaching of Theology for Peace, from the Sacred Scripture, the contribution of Saint Augustine, Saint Thomas and Kant, the Magisterium of the Church and some contemporary theologians, philosophers, and pedagogues. The study concludes that Theological Education is called to explore a transforming language and commitment that dignifies the person, promoting the development of environments that lead to the construction of a Culture of Peace. Finally, the study proposes a series of challenges for the formation of theology students, which promote the transformation of the subjects as agents of change for the construction of scenarios of Peace and the promotion of environments of non-violence, where the occurrence of the God’s Kingdom is recognized.Teología y paz son categorías que guardan estrecha relación, aunque en ocasiones ambiguas, especialmente cuando se acude a la creencia en Dios, como pretexto para la guerra. Sin embargo, la historia del pensamiento teológico enriquece la acción del cristiano frente a situaciones de conflicto. La educación teológica, desde una mirada crítica transformadora, está llamada a proponer los valores necesarios para que las distintas creencias aporten a la convivencia, construcción y consolidación de la paz. Esta investigación es un aporte del semillero de investigación a distancia “Teología y sociedad” de la Universidad Santo Tomás. Desde el paradigma cualitativo y con un enfoque hermenéutico, aplicando como método el análisis documental, se establecen relaciones entre educación, teología y paz, y se proponen retos para la enseñanza de la teología para la paz, desde la Sagrada Escritura, el aporte de San Agustín, Santo Tomás y Kant, el Magisterio de la Iglesia y desde el punto de vista de algunos teólogos, filósofos y pedagogos contemporáneos. El estudio concluye que la enseñanza teológica está llamada a buscar un lenguaje y un compromiso transformador que dignifique a la persona, promoviendo el desarrollo de ambientes y escenarios que conlleven a la construcción de una cultura de paz. Finalmente, se proponen una serie de retos para la formación de estudiantes de teología, que promuevan la transformación de los sujetos como agentes de cambio, para la construcción de escenarios de paz y la promoción de ambientes de no violencia, en donde se reconozca el acontecer del Reino de Dios
Impacto de la cultura de paz en la percepción de la población migrante centroamericana en tránsito por México
Get PDFThe purpose of this article is to measure the level of impact of the social factors of the Culture of Peace promoted by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization -UNESCO- for the transformation of social conflicts as it applies to the structural violence experienced by the Central American migrant population of the Northern Triangle through Mexico. The research methodology, quantitative in nature, was carried out in three areas of the country: Tapachula, Veracruz and Monterrey, in which the low level of impact of the Culture of Peace and the differences between the places where it was obtained could be identified, due to, among other factors, the presence of international organizations on the southern border.El presente artículo tiene como objetivo medir el nivel de impacto de los factores sociales de la cultura de paz que promueve la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Educación, la Ciencia y la Cultura, -UNESCO-, para la transformación de los conflictos sociales, en este caso aplicado a la violencia estructural que experimenta la población migrante centroamericana del Triángulo Norte por México. La metodología de la investigación, de carácter cuantitativo, se lleva a cabo en tres zonas del país: Tapachula, Veracruz y Monterrey, en la cual se pudo identificar el bajo nivel de impacto de la cultura de paz y la diferencias entre los distintos lugares donde se obtuvo la muestra, debido entre otros factores, a la presencia de organismos internacionales en la frontera sur
Migração: emergentes questões e condições de um mal-estar
Get PDFIn this article we seek to understand the suffering experienced by migrant people through the dialogue written in the chapter O Mal-estar da Migração [Migration and its Discontents], which is part of a Master’s thesis in Social Psychology of Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro. In the chapter analyzed, the situation of social vulnerability and violation of human rights is considered through the aspects in Freud´s O Mal-estar na Civilização [Civilization and Its Discontents]. Our goal is to deepen this dialogue, using the psychoanalytic conceptual matrix to understand the suffering caused to the migrant when confronted with new cultures. From the Sociological perspective of Norbert Elias in A Sociedade dos Indivíduos [Society of Individuals] (1994), we aim to understand how the concepts of individual and society can help in understanding the search of the migrant for support outside his original community and how he shapes his identity from this experience. In a complex network of affectations, the migrant body, when carrying and communicating its bonds, has in its practices a redesign of spaces and attitudes that reflect the interaction of cultures that, in turn, shape and are shaped by individual expressions in a collective process. Individuals learn to articulate transitions and point out issues that circulate in them and through them, pressured by conditions that society imposes on them in the service of their cultural ideals, often outlining ethnic, racial, and other prejudices.No presente artigo buscamos compreender o sofrimento experimentado por pessoas migrantes, partindo da proposta de interlocução presente no capítulo O Mal-estar da Migração, que compõe dissertação de mestrado do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social da UERJ (OLIVEIRA, 2019, p. 20-39). No capítulo em questão, considera-se a situação de vulnerabilidade social e de violação de direitos humanos, tangenciando aspectos presentes em O Mal-estar na Civilização (FREUD, 1930/1976). Nosso objetivo é aprofundar esse diálogo, utilizando a matriz conceitual psicanalítica para compreender o sofrimento causado ao migrante ao ser confrontado com novas culturas e tratos sociais. Incluímos à discussão a perspectiva sociológica de Norbert Elias em A Sociedade dos Indivíduos (1994) para compreender como os conceitos de indivíduo e sociedade podem ajudar no entendimento da busca do migrante por amparo fora da sua comunidade originária e de que maneira ele molda sua identidade a partir dessa experiência. Numa complexa rede de afetações, o corpo migrante, ao carregar e comunicar seus vínculos, tem em suas práticas um redesenhar de espaços e atitudes que refletem a interação de culturas que, por sua vez, moldam e são moldadas por expressões individuais em um processo coletivo. Os indivíduos aprendem a articular transigências e a apontar questões que circulam neles e através deles, pressionados por condições que a sociedade lhe impõe a serviço de seus ideais culturais, não raro delineando preconceitos étnicos, raciais e de outras naturezas
Paz vulnerable: pandemias, Covid-19 y racismo
Get PDFThis article aims to carry out a self-ethnography of the Covid-19 pandemic and the vulnerability in which all humanity is immersed. Total globalized humanity has suffered a pandemic that destroys society. Autoethnography constitutes an effort to analyze the quantitative and qualitative information that we receive daily through the media. This is built as a method that feeds on the knowledge of geography, anthropology and research for peace, making us protagonists of this vulnerable society. Cultural and dialectical materialism gives a better explanation to this phenomenon, since the superstructure contains practices, folds and textures that are also cultural practices (reasons, causes and processes) in times of pandemics. The result is the construction of a vulnerable society in which fear reigns and where the phenomenon of racism and xenophobia arises in light of the coronavirus. All these synergies generate violence that is imperceptible as hijackers of freedom and social justice, but rather as the protector of the authoritarian State itself. Today humanity is in a context of unprecedented vulnerability, therefore, times demand the right to non-discrimination in a reality of neutral peace, intercultural peace and vulnerable peace.Este artículo pretende realizar una autoetnografía de la pandemia del Covid-19 y la vulnerabilidad en la que está inmersa toda la sociedad. La humanidad globalizada ha sufrido de forma total una pandemia que destruye la sociedad. Autoetnografía que constituye un esfuerzo por analizar la información cuantitativa y cualitativa, que recibimos diariamente a través de los medios de comunicación. Esta se construye como un método que se alimenta del conocimiento de la antropología, la geografía e investigación para la paz, haciéndonos protagonistas de esta sociedad vulnerable. El materialismo cultural y dialéctico da una mejor explicación a dicho fenómeno, ya que la superestructura contiene prácticas, pliegues y texturas que también son prácticas culturales (razones, causas y procesos) en tiempos de pandemias. El resultado es la construcción de una sociedad vulnerable en la cual reina el miedo y dónde surge el fenómeno del racismo y la xenofobia a la luz del coronavirus. Todas estas sinergias generan violencias que resultan imperceptibles como secuestradoras de la libertad y de justicia social, sino como protectora del propio Estado autoritario. Hoy la humanidad no es consciente de un contexto de vulnerabilidad sin precedentes, por ello, los tiempos exigen el derecho a la no discriminación en una realidad de paz neutra, paz intercultural y paz vulnerable
Memorias corporales de mujeres indígenas excombatientes de las FARC en Colombia: De «guerreras a princesas» en los Espacios Territoriales de Formación y de Capacitación (ETCR) de Tierra Grata y Pondóres
Get PDFThis article explores the corporal memories of a group of indigenous women ex-combatants of the FARC settled in the Colombian Caribbean, under analyze in the specialize literature. Using the methodological approach of participatory-action research, the critical pedagogy, and the communitarian feminism, techniques such as social cartographies, autobiographical workshops, memory albums, doll making and ethnographic observations, were implemented, to make these memories as a place of representation and identity construction. The corporeal memories of this group of indigenous women, showed the emergence of new identities in production and recreation, between the tensions of corporal discipline and individual autonomy conveyed by indigenous traditional dresses, the FARC’s uniform and the «trousseau of the princesses».En este artículo se exploraron las memorias corporales poco estudiadas, de un grupo de mujeres indígenas excombatientes de las FARC asentadas en el Caribe colombiano. Desde un enfoque metodológico basado en la investigación-acción-participativa, la pedagogía crítica, y el feminismo comunitario, se implementaron técnicas como las cartografías sociales, los talleres autobiográficos, los álbumes de la memoria, la elaboración de muñecas y observaciones etnográficas, para visibilizar estas memorias como lugar de representación y construcción identitaria. Las memorias corporales de este grupo de mujeres indígenas, mostraron la emergencia de nuevas identidades en producción y recreación, entre las tensiones del disciplinamiento corporal y la autonomía individual indígenas y guerrillera, vehiculadas por las mantas y los vestidos tradicionales indígenas, el uniforme de las FARC, y el «ajuar de las princesas»
Desafíos y avances en el diálogo entre saberes diferenciados para la promoción de la Cultura de Paz
Get PDFThis research addresses the challenge of methodological approaches to objects of complex studies. Among these objects, we highlight the management and negotiation of socio-environmental conflicts by peaceful means, and dialogue as a condition sine qua non for its realization. The works analyzed here with a new light were developed using the Action Research Methodology (Thiollent, 1985), with Rapid Participatory Diagnostic techniques, such as the Spoken Map and the Focus Group. Based on this perspective, the research question was: What are the challenges and advances observed in the dialogue between stakeholders with differentiated knowledge towards the construction of a Culture of Peace? The results have shown three points that can be related to each other, in item 1, the trickeries that involve local populations in the context of environmental licensing processes, have similarities with the mishaps they face in other contexts, such as with other populations regarding the creation and implementation of protected areas in the territories that originally inhabited. Item 2, deals with the challenges and advances involved in the creation and maintenance of the UC Councils which implies that the realization of the planned social participation of the local communities concerned. Item 3 addresses the challenges of the communication among stakeholders which have differentiated knowledge, focusing on the logic of UC administrators and the logic of local residents. In conclusion, despite the intention and advances in the dialogue, the difficulty of establishing a dialogical relationship between stakeholders with different forms of knowledge remains a constant challenge.Esta investigación aborda el desafío de los enfoques metodológicos para objetos de estudios complejos. Entre estos objetos, destacamos la gestión y negociación de conflictos socioambientales por medios pacíficos y el diálogo como condición sine qua non para su realización. Los trabajos analizados aquí bajo una nueva luz se desarrollaron utilizando la Metodología de investigación de acción (Thiollent, 1985), con técnicas de Diagnóstico Rápido Participativo, como el Mapa Hablado y el Grupo Focal. Desde esta perspectiva, la pregunta de investigación fue: ¿Cuáles son los desafíos y avances observados en el diálogo entre actores sociales con diferentes conocimientos para la construcción de una Cultura de Paz? En los resultados se encuentran tres puntos que pueden estar relacionados entre sí: en el ítem 1, se analizaron las artimañas que involucran a estas poblaciones locales, en el contexto de los procesos de licencia ambiental y similares a los reveses que enfrentan poblaciones locales en otros contextos relacionados con la creación e implementación de áreas protegidas en los territorios que originalmente habitaban. El ítem 2 aborda los desafíos y avances involucrados en la creación y mantenimiento de los consejos de la Unidad de Conservación de la Naturaleza (UC), lo que debería significar la participación social planificada de las comunidades locales involucradas. El ítem 3 aborda los desafíos de comunicación entre el conocimiento diferenciado, centrándose en la lógica de los administradores de UC y la lógica de los residentes locales. En conclusión, a pesar de la intención y los avances en el diálogo, la dificultad de establecer una relación dialógica entre actores sociales con diferentes formas de conocimiento siegue siendo un desafío constante