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The Analysis of Anemia Prevention Model in Pregnant Women in Banten
Get PDFAnemia among pregnant women, especially in developing countries is still becoming problematic. Although several programs implemented, they showed a modest impact on the reduction. It is essential to develop the efficient approach for tackling this problem. This study was aimed to identify and develop the model of anemia associated modality care that can be used for preventing and managing of anemia during pregnancy. This research was a cross-sectional study of creating a prevention model using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM PLS) technique. This technique was to find out which indicator variables has the direct and indirect influence of causing anemic pregnant women. This research was conducted in the Kaduhejo, Pandeglang, Banten in 2018 and involved 258 pregnant women living with their families. These respondents were recruited using multistage cluster sampling. Data collection was conducted by a questionnaire to identify the pregnant women characteristics and maternal knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and family support. The models were constructed to arrange the intervention module as well as analyzing model using SEM-PLS. The results of this study showed that exogenous variables had a statistically significant T value reflected on the variable> 1.96, thus indicating that the indicator block had a positive and significant effect of reflecting the variable. In conclusion, anemia among pregnant women influenced by direct factors, such as family support, maternal knowledge and perception
Change of 2H/1H Ratio and Adaptive Potential in Living Systems under Formation of Isotope Gradient
No full textThis article presents data on ability of drinking water with depleted concentrations of deuterium (deuterim depleted water – DDW, ?2H = -762 ‰) to influence on the adaptive capacities and functional activity of rats organism during long period of DDW consumption. The obtained data confirms the favorable effect of reduced ?2H on hepatocytes of medium and shows significant (by 10%) increase of body weight among rats which consumed DDW for 3 weeks after birth. It is also shown that when rats consumed DDW, the non-uniform distribution of deuterium in the blood plasma and liver, kidney and heart tissues is observed. At the same time under natural conditions ?2H was significantly lower in blood plasma than in tissues of internal organs (?2H plasma > ?2H of tissues of internal organs), whereas DDW consumption resulted in more significant decrease of ?2H level in blood plasma than in the internal organs, which phenomena was accompanied by change of direction of 2H/1H isotope gradient: ?2H of plasma < ?2H of tissue of internal organs. Stable change in direction of 2H/1H isotope gradient over 3 weeks is expressed by lower rate of weight gain in the first generation of rats. All these facts can be caused by influence of 2H/1H isotope gradient on long-term adaptation mechanisms, but not on short-term adaptation reactions. Decrease of ?2H in blood plasma and tissues of internal organs increases to a greater extent the resistance of an organism to influence of unfavorable environmental factors among future generations of rats consuming DDW for a long time
Basic Ideas of Information Thermodynamics
Get PDFWe apply a certain unifying physical description of the results of Information Theory. Assuming that heat entropy is a thermodynamic realization of information entropy, we construct a cyclical, thermodynamic, average-value model of an information transfer chain as a general heat engine, in particular a Carnot engine, reversible or irreversible. A working medium of the cycle (a thermodynamic system transforming input heat energy) can be considered as a thermodynamic, average-value model or, as such, as a realization of an information transfer channel. We show that for a model realized in this way the extended II. Principle of Thermodynamics is valid and we formulate its information form.In addition we solve the problem of a proof of II. Principle of Thermodynamics. We state the relation between the term of information entropy, introduced by C. Shannon (1948), and thermodynamic entropy, introduced by R. Clausius (1850) and, further, explain the Gibbs paradox. Our way to deal with the given topic is a connection of both the mathematical definitions of information entropies and their mutual relations within a system of stochastic quantities, especially with thermodynamic entropies defined on an isolated system in which a realization of our (repeatable) observation is performed [it is a (cyclic) transformation of heat energy of an observed, measured system].We use the information description to analyze the Gibbs paradox, reasoning it as a property of such observation, measuring an (equilibrium) thermodynamic system. We state a logical proof of the II. P.T. as a derivation of relations among the entropies of a system of stochastic variables, realized physically, and, the Equivalence Principle of the I., II. and III. Principle of Thermodynamics is formulated
The Blood Pressure Lowering Qualities of a Trauma-Focussed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Approach
Get PDFBackground: High blood pressure is a serious condition which can make suffers vulnerable to developing conditions such as stroke. Even though research identifies that there can be a link between developing high blood pressure and psychological factors there is little research available to establish how psychological treatment can help sufferers. Instead most of the studies focus on physical interventions and lifestyle changes.Objective: This article aims to share a novel and interesting case example which indicated a potential link between trauma-focussed cognitive behavioural therapy, symptoms of PTSD, and a reduction in high blood pressure.Method: The client was provided with trauma focussed CBT specifically used to target her trauma of an accident which she suffered. The techniques in therapy utilised were, psychoeducation of the therapy model, relaxation therapy, re-living of the trauma, imagery rescripting and systematic desensitization. Following therapy the client recovered from all of her post trauma symptoms and even though her blood pressure was not specifically targeted in treatment, she experienced a corresponding reduction in her blood pressure following treatment.Conclusion: Discussion is centred around how this provides opportunities for researchers to investigate whether there is a causal link between the use of psychological approaches in the reduction in blood pressure level. Further research , for example correlational studies is recommended in this field
Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Seeds of Solanum torvum in Acetic Acid induced Ulcerative Colitis in Male Wistar Rats
Get PDFObjective: To elucidate the protective effect of ethanolic extract of dried seeds of Solanum torvum (S. torvum) in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in male Wistar rats. Methods: The animals were divided into various treatment groups (n=5). Rats were administered with 2ml of acetic acid (4%) via intrarectal route. Prednisolone was used as a standard drug and S. torvum was administered at a dose of 100 and 300mg/kg, p.o. Macroscopic score, colon weight to length ratio, colonic superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), myeloperoxidase (MPO), catalase (CAT), and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) levels and histopathological changes were recorded after the treatment regimen of 11 days.Results: Intrarectal instillation of acetic acid caused significant (
Facile Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles of Aqueous Extract of Bhut Jolokia a Cultivar of Capsicum chinense Jaqc and its Antibacterial Effect
Get PDFThe article explores a novel method of synthesizing silver nanoparticle using aqueous extract of Capsicum chinense Jaqc. The capsaicinoid alkaloids and polyphenols served as an reducing and stabilizing agent in the formation silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticle was confirmed by the surface Plasmon resonance which occurred at 430 nm. A gradual colour change of the reaction medium occurred from colourless to pale yellow tinge followed by pale red and then to intense reddish brown colour. The completion of nanoparticle synthesis occurred at 6 hr, as further increased in reaction time showed a marginal rise in the intensity of colour. The characterization of the formed silver nanoparticle was carried out using UV Visible Spectrophotometry and Transmission Electron microscopy. The antibacterial studies were carried out using well diffusion technique using pure culture of Escherichia coli, which showed an inhibition zone of 11.8 mm at a dosage of 70 μg/ml
Histopathological Changes of the Effect of Ketotifen in a Rat Model of Nephropathy
Get PDFAcute kidney injury (AKI) remains a common clinical problem with serious consequences and unsatisfactory therapeutic options. Mast cells are distributed in the kidneys, have a role in the inflammation. Thus, a model of Acute kidney injury of rhabdomyolysis induced by glycerol was done in order to investigate the possible healing effect of Ketotifen, a selective stabilizer of mast cells and a histamine H1 receptor antagonist, in rats.
Methods: Wister rats (250-350 g) were used. Renal failure was produced by rats deprived of water for 24 hours followed by i.m. injection with 50% (vol/vol) glycerol (10 ml/kg of body weight). After 30 min, Ketotifen was used at a dose of 2 mg/kg. Rats received treatment for 5 consecutive days. On the 6th day, the rats were sacrificed; blood was obtained for blood urea and creatinine assays. The kidney tissue was used for the determination the histological injury.
Results: The levels of urea and creatinine were decreased significantly
Investigation of the Role of Serum Matrix Gla-Protein as a Biomarker of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease
Get PDFBackground: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a major contributor to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Circulating total uncarboxylated Matrix ?-carboxyglutamate (Gla) protein (t-ucMGP) is a promising biomarker for rapid screening of subjects prone to cardiovascular calcification who may need more invasive vascular diagnostics. Preliminary data show that low t-ucMGP levels are indicative for prevalent vascular calcification. Hence, the aim of our study was to investigate the possible role of circulating t-ucMGP as a biomarker may help in identification patients with CAVD, taking into consideration that CAVD is a form of vascular calcification.Methods & Materials: We analyzed serum t-ucMGP levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 50 patients with echocardiographically proven CAVD and 21 control subjects.Results: Serum t-ucMGP levels were significantly lower in patients with CAVD (29.29±12.18 nmol/l) compared to the control group (36.84±21.79 nmol/l, p = 0.003).Conclusion: Serum t-ucMGP may help as a noninvasive biomarker for identification of these patients
Helichrysum nudifolium (L.) Less.: Review of its Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities
Get PDFHelichrysum nudifolium is a valuable and well-known medicinal plant species in southern Africa. The current study critically reviewed the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of H. nudifolium. Information on medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of H. nudifolium was collected from multiple internet sources which included Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, SciFinder and BMC. Additional information was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as journal articles, scientific reports, theses, books and book chapters obtained from the University library. This study showed that H. nudifolium is mainly used as ethnoveterinary medicine, as colic and herbal medicine for fever, headache, swellings, infertility, pregnancy and postpartum problems. Pharmacological research revealed that H. nudifolium extracts have antibacterial, antimycobacterial, antifungal, anti-HIV, GABAA-benzodiazepine receptor-binding, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiplasmodial, antiprotozoal and cytotoxicity activities. There is need for experimental animal studies, randomized clinical trials and target-organ toxicity studies involving H. nudifolium crude extracts and compounds isolated from the species. Future should also focus on evaluation of pharmacological properties of compounds isolated from H. nudifolium
Early Initiation of Breastfeeding and Exclusive Breastfeeding: A Case Study of Breastfeeding Mothers in Takalar District
Get PDFThe coverage of exclusive breastfeeding in the Takalar District in 2011 was around 57.3% to 75.4% which means that people in Takalar District still needs exclusive nutrition and breastfeeding handling. In addition, Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) and exclusive breast milk from birth to the age of six months are two important breastfeeding practices in reducing infant mortality rate and increasing exclusive breastfeeding success. This study aims to look at the condition of early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) and exclusive breastfeeding among breastfeeding mothers in Takalar District. This study was a descriptive study investigating some variables such as socio-demographics, pregnancy history, and early initiation breastfeeding practice. The population consisted of all breastfeeding mothers and samples were chosen randomly (56 subjects). Study findings indicate that the majority of the mothers had been successful in providing exclusive breast milk (92.9%). This indicates a very good situation. When viewed from the EIB implementation factor, the proportion of mothers giving birth who had practiced EIB was still low (26.8%). This indicated that there were respondents who were not successful in practicing EIB but successful in exclusive breastfeeding