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Hot Acid Extraction, Characterisation and Scavenging Activity of Pectin from Hylocereus polyrhizus
Get PDFGelatin is extensively added to the food products for quality improvements of food entities. The role of gelatin as food thickener, texturizer, stabilizer, ingredient and as an animal based source has restricted its liberal use. However, the usage of this animal-based food quality improver has become less popular due to religious constraints and health restrictions. In fact, it is now direly needed to replace animal-based gelatin by plant-based. Pectin, the basic building material of cell walls in the terrestrial plant has great potential to be gelatin replacer as it can work as a gelling agent, thickener and also a stabilizer. Dragon fruit contains pectin which has high-value functional food as well as healthenhancing properties to substitute gelatin’s function in foods production. The current study aims to extract pectin from dragon fruit peels by using hot acid extraction. The optimum conditions for extraction were found to be at 75ºC and pH 3.5 based on the highest percentage of pectin yield (33%). The FTIR result proved that dragon fruit peel contained pectin, which can be used as gelatin replacer are free from any religious and health-wise prohibitions. Pectin extracted was characterized in terms of moisture (14.03 ± 1.925) and ash content (8.73 ± 1.218). The extracted pectin of dragon fruit peel acts as the best gelatin replacer compared to commercial pectin and gelatins from the market. The prepared fruit peels also exhibit high DPPH scavenging activity (57.94%) with methanol extract (2mg/ml)
The Effect of Murottal Intervention in Prolactine Hormone Levels of Breastfeeding Mothers in Takalar Regency
Get PDFBreast milk is important for the infant’s growth and development early in life. Attention to lactating mothers in terms of increasing their breastmilk production is important. This study aimed to investigate the effect of giving murottal therapy on the levels of the hormone prolactin in lactating mothers in Takalar District. This was a true-experimental study in which 44 lactating mothers were divided into two groups, 22 mothers in intervention and 22 in control groups. The study was conducted in Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The characteristic of the participants showed that the age of participants in the intervention group is two years higher than in the control group. The number of mothers having more than three children is higher compared to the control (31.8% vs 9.1%). All characteristics of intervention and control were statistically not different. The result of this study showed that prolactin hormone levels were decreased in both groups. The prolactin hormone levels in the intervention group showed a lower decrease compared to control group (-89.84 ± 54.14 vs -103.54 ± 65.67), but not significantly different (p=0.453). The Qur’an therapy may be effective to replace music therapy to support lactation period and exclusive breastfeeding program, especially for those from Muslim communities. The District Health Office of Takalar can promote this therapy to improve lactation management program
Nutritional Formulation and Analysis, and Organoleptic Tests of Functional Chocolate Biscuits “Morisoya” –Supplementation of Moringa Leaves (Moringa oleifera L.) AND Soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merill)
Get PDFMoringa (Moringa oleifera) and soybeans (Glycine max) are the kinds of crops that have been known widely to the public. They both can potentially be a source of additional nutritional supplements in a variety of processed snacks, such as biscuits. This study aimed to determine the ratio of formulas in making biscuits from moringa leaf extracts and soybean extracts and the nutritional content of biscuits “Morisoya”, and to conduct an organoleptic test with supplementation of moringa leaf extracts and soybean extracts. It employed a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of nine treatments and two replications. The variables observed included: (a) protein content of chocolate biscuits “Morisoya”, (b) carbohydrate content of chocolate biscuits “Morisoya”, (c) fat content of chocolate biscuits “Morisoya”, and (d) organoleptic/hedonic test on biscuits “Morisoya”. The results show that the highest protein content is found in the treatment P8 (32.50%), but it is not significantly different from that found in treatments P9 (31.68%) and P7 (29.67%), followed by the treatment P6 (28.61%), which are not significantly different from that in the treatment P5 (26.46%). The highest carbohydrate content is found in the treatment P1 (62.70%) while the highest fat content is found in the treatment P9 (28.92%). The highest result for the organoleptic/hedonic test (on a scale of 0 to 5) is generated by the treatment P6 (3.28), with the highest percentage of 13% compared to the control treatment and other treatments. Based on results of the analysis on protein, carbohydrate, and fat contents as well as results of the organoleptic test, it is apparent that the treatment P6 constitutes the formula for biscuits “Morisoya” which was then selected to be developed in further research as functional biscuits
Impact of Unequal Distribution of Canal Water on Farm Produce: A Case Study Matli Taluka
Get PDFThis study seeks to investigate to identify the impact of shortage of water on the tail, end areas of the irrigation network. For the research study 320 respondents were randomly selected and nearly 107 from each category that is large medium and small farmer’s respondent. The sample further stratified respondents from all three reaches that is head middle and tail of main semi-irrigation channels and on the water courses level as well to capture the authentic picture of the water availability on each level of irrigation system. The observation of the study and data collected revealed that farmers on the head reaches benefit more from the supply of water from crop production compare to middle and tail reaches and middle reaches have more opportunity of having better irrigation water compare to the tail reaches however, the more sufferers are the tail reach farmers who get less water from crop production. Consequently, this situation cause’s absolute poverty to the farmers on the tail reaches of the irrigation water supply channels
Optimization of Surface Roughness and MRR in Powder Mix EDM Die-Sink for Inconel 718 using RSM
Get PDFProduct quality depends on the surface quality of the machined part and machining performance relay on the production rate of the process. Whereas surface quality of a part is based on surface roughness (SR) and production rate depend on the material removal rate (MRR). Minimum surface roughness and maximum MRR are of great value in the field of manufacturing. In powder mix Electrical Discharge Machined (EDM) selection of input parameters and their ranges are of great value because its helps to achieve the optimize values of the SR and MRR. This study contains the effect of four input variables; pulse on time (Pon), discharge current (DC), pulse off time (Poff) and powder concentration of EDM on SR and MRR of Inconel 718. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) center composite design (CCD) and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) are used with 5% significant coefficient. It was observed that DC significantly affects the SR and MRR followed by the Pon
Efficacy of Extraction Methods of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract for Enhanced Growth and Yield of Wheat
Get PDFA field study was conducted to assess effective method to get Moringa leaf extract, through its response on growth and yield traits of wheat. Extracts of whole or chopped and dry or fresh Moringa leaves were used exogenously i.e. pre-sowing seed soaking as well as water diluted solution based foliar spray application at tillering and booting stages. Significantly higher growth response in term of leaf area index, leaf area duration, and crop growth rate was observed when combination of 30 times diluted moringa leaf extract (MLE) was applied at both crop stages. Yield contributing traits of wheat such as fertile tillers, spikelet’s spikelet’s per spike, grains per spike, 1000 grain weight, biological and grain yields were recorded in significantly higher due to 30 times diluted fresh MLE followed by 20 times dilution of Moringa dried leaf powder (DLP). While, control treatment and hydro-priming showed at comparable results in the form of significantly lesser fertile tillers, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight and grain or biological yields. Conclusively, 30 times diluted MLE proved the best among the treatments combinations for improved wheat growth and yield however, the biochemical features responsible for such promotive response are yet to be investigated prior to dissemination of this technology to the farmer field
Edge Version of Harmonic Index and Harmonic Polynomial of Rooted Product Graphs
No full textIn this paper we computed explicit formulas for the edge version of harmonic index and harmonic polynomial of some classes of rooted product of graphs and i-th vertex rooted product of graphs
Study of Berseem Hay and Green Berseem on Growth Performance of Post-Weaned Kundhi Buffalo Calf
Get PDFSixteen calves were randomly allocated into two treatment groups, i.e. group A and B and were given a transition period from 6th to 8th week. Group A and B were offered with ad libitum berseem hay and green berseem respectively. A calf starter ration was offered ad libitum to both the groups. This study remained continued from 9th to 14th week of the age of the calves (six weeks). The results showed that the final mean value of body weight of group A (76.49±1.36 kg/calf) was significantly higher (
Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Nicavet-2500 in Rodent Models of Acute Inflammation
Get PDFThis study examines the influence of the tissue preparation "NICAVET 2500" on an organism of mammals with use of rodent models of acute inflammation. It is established that action of a preparation leads to decrease in ESR. Hematologic and biochemical parameters also testify to anti-inflammatory action of "NICAVET 2500". Results of histological and morphometric research of a spleen and a thymus show processes of proliferation and migration of immunocytes, testifying to activization of immune reactions. In a thymus of rats of experimental group in comparison with control an increase in the dimensions of thymic lobules and also an increase in quantity of Hassal\u27s bodies, testifying to intensification of synthesis of the thymic hormones participating in process of an immunopoesis are revealed. As a result of the use of the preparation an increase of ability of an organism to resist alteration and also essential decrease in a level of development of inflammatory reaction of an organism are observed. The conducted research demonstrates the expressed immunomodulatory action of a preparation "NICAVET 2500" at an experimental model of inflammation
Effect of Genistein on Heat Shock Protein 47 and Collagen Type IV in Diabetic Rat
Get PDFDiabetes nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complication in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). DN is an inflammatory process which involved immune cells and effect of genistein prevent this mechanism. However, the effects on HSP 47 and collagen type IV are not yet verified. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the genistein can suppress HSP 47 and collagen type IV.This study is experimental design used 25 rats. Rats were divided into five groups; normal group, hyperglycemia group, hyperglycemia by administering genistein 0.5 mg/kgw, 1mg/kgw, and 2 mg/kg. Streptozotocin induced 65 mg/kg administered intraperitoneal. Treatment duration is 4 weeks. After 4 weeks of blood was collected via the orbital vein and examined the levels of HSP 47 then rats’ kidneys were taken to see the levels of collagen type IV.The average levels of HSP 47 in non diabetic control group was 1.7982 ng/ml, diabetic control 7.9424 ng/ml, STZ; G 0.5 mg/kgw 5.4192 ng/ml, STZ; G 1 mg/kgw 3.1152 ng/ml and STZ; G 2 mg/kgw 1.849 ng/ml, with p value 0.000 (