Set Publisher
Not a member yet
1080 research outputs found
Sort by
The Effect of Chloride Acid Concentration and Demineralization Time on Gelatin Characteristic of EEL Fish Bones (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard)
Get PDFAnguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard, eel bonefish is one of the potentials sources for gelatin manufacture. This study aims to determine the concentration of hydrochloric acid (3%; 4%) and to optimize demineralization time (12 hours; 24 hours) for thequality of gelatin. Characteristic of gelatin was determined by analysis of water content, ash content and protein content. To optimize gelatin extraction from eel fish bone, Mann Whitney test with 4 – factor was adopted. Spectrophotometer FTIR was used to analyze functional groups of gelatin. Values of water content, ash and protein content of each combination of acid chloride and demineralization time have met the requirements. The spectrum of FTIR showed a typical gelatin functional group. The best combination of treatment is at 3% hydrochloric acid concentration and 12 hours of demineralization time
Spots on the Sun and Life on the Earth
Get PDFThe paper deals with a new integrated method of reconstruction and forecasting of climatic changes on the Earth. The method is based on proxy data pollen analysis method, fossil and recent spore-pollen spectra, 14C analysis method, basic elements of climate, Similarity Indices (SI) of solar Activity, expressed in number of Wolf’s (Wm2), and forecasting of climate changes. The techniques of reconstruction and forecasting are presented and discussed
Study of Qualitative Characteristics and Properties of Horse Meat
Get PDFOne of the main principles of state policy is to define the process of nutrition as a function of the relationship of a person with the environment. Nutrition should promote human adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. In this regard, the functions of nutrition are not only to meet the physiological needs of the body for nutrients and energy, but also to improve human health, prevent alimentary-related diseases associated with nutrition.The aim of the research was to develop the technology of meat products to create innovative technologies of functional products from meat for public catering
The Environmental Effects of Lead Concentrations on Protein and DNA Structures in Epileptic Patients from an Infrared Spectroscopic Study
Get PDFFourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) elementary analysis were used to investigate the environmental effects of lead blood serum levels on the life metal ions (Cu2+ and Zn2+), protein secondary structure and DNA structure in epileptic patients. By increasing the lead concentration an increased intensity of the band at 1744 cm-1 was observed due to induced oxidative stress. The shifts of the amide I and amide II bands of the peptide group, -CONH- from 1655 cm-1 and 1550 cm-1, respectively, to lower frequencies is due to the change of protein molecular structure from α-helix to β-sheets. An important change in the spectral region between 1200-900 cm-1, where the phosphates and phosphate-ribose groups of DNA and RNA are absorbing, is suggesting an attack on the DNA backbone as a function of the increase of lead concentration. The characteristic band at 1170 cm-1 could be used as a “marker band” for the damaged DNA backbone structure upon lead exposure. The ICP-MS elementary analysis showed a decrease of the ratio [Cu/Zn] by increasing the lead levels in blood serum is linked to oxidative stress and is confirming the FT-IR data
Chemotherapy Regimen and Incidence of Malnutrition after Chemotherapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Get PDFLung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide and in Thailand. The treatment of non-small cell lung (NSCLC) with chemotherapy might affected on nutritional status which could correlate with the treatment response and quality of life. Thus, the objectives of this research were to study the nutritional status of patients after chemotherapy and the incidence of malnutrition. This retrospective longitudinal descriptive study was gathering the information from medical records January, 2013 to December, 2014. A 114 patients were met the inclusion criteria which were completed 4 or 6 cycles of treatment. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage of weight loss were used to assess the nutritional status. Malnutrition was classified when BMI under 18.5 kg/m2 and weight change more than 5%. The average age, baseline weight and BMI were 60.4±10.1 year, 55.0±9.0 kg and 22.0±2.5 kg/m2, respectively. The incidence of malnutrition was 6.1%. Mean BMI decreased from 22.0 kg/m2 to 21.5 kg/m2 after chemotherapy. Patients treated with carboplatin plus paclitaxel showed the highest change of BMI (-0.6 kg/m2) and docetaxel regimen showed the highest incidence of malnutrition (18.8%). According to the base agents; taxane-based regimen showed the most effect on nutritional status and 85% of those patients were malnutrition. In conclusion, docetaxel and carboplatin plus paclitaxel highly affected on nutritional status. In patients treated with those regimens, they should be closely monitored and gave an adequate nutritional advice for the better treatment response, decrease the side effect from chemotherapy and improve patients’ quality of life
Production of Ethanol from Ripe Plantain Peel Hydrolysate by Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Get PDFAim: Nigeria is amongst the largest Musa paradisiaca (Plantain) producing countries and ripe plantain peels are discarded as waste thus polluting the environment. Utilization of this agricultural waste to useful products like ethanol will be a welcome development. The influence of pretreatment on plantain peels hydrolysate for ethanol production by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the effect of media supplementation were studied.Methodology: The pretreatment methods used before carrying out fermentation of the hydrolysate were acid, steam and alkali. Parameters analyzed in all the hydrolysates and during fermentation were cell number, pH value, ethanol, glycerol concentration and inhibitory compounds using standard procedures.Results: The results showed that acid pretreatment had the highest cell number, glycerol and ethanol concentrations of 27.30 ± 2.47 x 106 cells/mL, 4.43± 0.15 mg/mL and 12.31± 0.08 mg/mL respectively. Alkali pretreated plantain peel hydrolysate had the least values of 12.25 ± 1.77 x 106 cells/mL, 3.81 ± 0.10 mg/mL and 7.50 ± 0.21 mg/mL for cell number, glycerol and ethanol concentrations, respectively. There was a significant difference in ethanol production when comparing the acid pretreatment to the others (P < 0.05). The acid hydrolysate was optimized by supplementing the media and results showed that the cell number, glycerol and ethanol concentration slightly increased.Conclusion: It was observed that acid hydrolysate of plantain peels can be utilized economically as a cheap substrate for bioethanol production and the yield can be enhanced through media supplementation
Protective Measures to Enhance Human Longevity and Aging: A Review of Strategies to Minimize Cellular Damage
Get PDFAging is a universal process in all life forms. The most current and widely accepted definition of human aging is a progressive loss of function and energy production that is accompanied by decreased fertility and increased mortality with advancing age. The most obvious and commonly recognized consequence of aging and energy decline is a decrease in skeletal muscle function, which affects every aspect of human life from the ability to walk and run, to chew, and swallow and digest food. Some crucial factors responsible for aging and longevity include genetics, environment, and nutrition, serious disease disorders such as cancer and cardio-vascular diseases, sarcoma and cell senescence. Oxidative damage caused due to the accumulation of molecular waste-by-products of the body’s metabolic processes, which our bodies are unable to break down or excrete, is chiefly responsible for aging and diseases. Regular physical activity, consumption of foods rich in phytochemicals and anti-oxidants, cessation of smoking, avoiding foods high in saturated and hydrogenated fats are some of the strategies that should be taken into account to delay aging and prolong longevity
Carotenoid Pigments of Red, Green and Brown Macroalgae Species as Potential Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients
Get PDFActive Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) is a substance used in a finished pharmaceutical product, intended to furnish pharmacological activity or contribute direct effect in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment or prevention of disease. It also provides a direct effect in restoring, correcting or modifying physiological functions in human beings. Macroalgae, also known as seaweed, are plant-like organisms that can be found in a marine habitat. Macroalgae has been given huge concern because of its high nutritional value and short-term growth, which is only 45 days per cycle. Therefore, three red macroalgae species of Eucheuma denticulatum, Gracilaria tikvahiae and Kappaphycus striatum), as well as green and brown macroalgae species of Caulerpa lentillifera and Padina pavonica were selected to determine their carotenoids content and composition by using UV-Vis spectrophotometer and HPLC analysis. The main carotenoids identified in red, green and brown macroalgae species were zeaxanthin, lutein, ?-carotene and violaxanthin. Marked differences were observed between red, green and brown macroalgae carotenoids content and composition. Zeaxanthin and ?-carotene were detected in all red, green and brown macroalgae ranged from 3.61 to 21.30 ?g/g DW and 2.44 to 10.70 ?g/g DW respectively. Violaxanthin was found only in green macroalgae (8.93 ?g/g DW) whereas lutein was found only in red macroalgae (9.57 to 38.60 ?g/g DW). In terms of total carotenoid content, green macroalgae contained the highest amount of carotenoid (100.89 ± 14.71 ?g/g DW). The significant outcome of the research will be new natural carotenoid pigment sources as potential active pharmaceutical ingredients which can be beneficial to halal health-promoting products industry
The Comparison Extraction Methods of Crude Fat Content and Fatty Acid Profile of Eels (Anguilla marmorata (Q.) Gaimard) from Lake Poso
Get PDFEels (Anguilla marmorata (Q). Gaimard) from Lake Poso contain nutrition such as fatty acids EPA and DHA that are good for health. Extraction processes can be carried out to get the fats of these eels (Anguilla marmorata). This research aims to determine which one of the following extraction methods, namely: maceration and soxhletation, which is more appropriate to extract eels (Anguilla marmorata) so as to produce crude fats and the fatty acid profile with a higher content. The fatty acid profile was examined using the method of gas chromatography by converting results of the fat extraction into volatile fatty acid methyl esters. Research findings suggest that the obtained mean of crude fats was equal to 3.704% for the method of maceration and 28.872% for the method of soxhletation. Furthermore, results of the statistical testing analysis of the fatty acid profile generated a sig. a value greater than the 5% significance level, meaning that the content of fatty acids generated using the extraction method of maceration and that generated using the extraction method of soxhletation were not significantly different. This can be seen from the means of the fatty acid content, namely by 4.6956%, 9.6496%, and 1.5765% for the maceration method, and by 4.7287%, 9.338%, and 1.6646% for the soxhletation method. Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that soxhletation is the appropriate extraction method
Bioactivity and Stability Studies of Betalain-Containing Extracts from Beta vulgaris L.
Get PDFBeta vulgaris or beet root contained high pigment of betalains that are used as food colorants and food additives due to their health promoting properties. The extraction of natural colorant compound from beet root under chemical- based extraction was identified as an alternative source of commercial synthetic colorant. Beet root is generally processed before consumption which influences the stability of betalains as well as affects the acceptability and health properties. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the antioxidant activities of betalain-containing extracts and the influence of UV irradiation and heat on the betalain pigment at different concentrations, temperature and period of time. The impact of these factors was evaluated with spectrophotometric absorbance value on the basis of betalain chromaticity. The results of the DPPH antioxidant test revealed that the scavenging activity of betalain increasing proportional to its concentration and the highest 50% inhibition activity was recorded at 77.48%. At 3.0 g/l betalain concentration, the highest chromaticity value was recorded whereas temperature between 10 to 30°C was the most stable betalain pigment against heat stress. However continuous exposure of betalain pigment towards UV irradiation was found to cause discoloration of the samples