JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND ALLIED RESEARCH
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RELIGION AND ECONOMIC DIVERSIFICATIONS IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF THE CHURCH
Get PDFIn ages past religion was and at present it is still a veritable instrument for economic diversity. The activities of Jesus Christ and that of pioneer missionaries to Africa are living evidences to this fact. They came not only with the gospel but also with some sweet pills such as education, science and technology, primary health-care, agriculture, entrepreneurship and politics But today, these diversifications are being down played upon because of oil wealth hence the present economic recession in Nigeria and the need to diversify .The study aims at examining these silent qualities that early Christian missionaries adopted that made the Nigerian economy export oriented and a very viable one then, and to proffer a solution. The work adopted qualitative descriptive method in analyzing data drawn from library and internet materials. The study found out among others that the expertise of religious leaders was not adequately explored in the matters of economic planning in Nigeria. It is the contention of the researchers that when the clerics are fully integrated in the planning processes that the economy will be better
INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY AND TAX ADMINISTRATION IN NIGERIA: THEORETICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Get PDFThis paper undertook a theoretical and descriptive analysis of the relationship between information communication technologyand tax administration in Nigeria using a time series annual data between the period 1981 and 2015.This was meant to bring to fore the relationship between information communication technology and tax revenue as well as the extent to which information communication technology has been employed in tax administration in Nigeria. The study revealed that information communication technology has a positive relationship with tax revenue but has not been maximally employed in tax administration in Nigeria as evidenced by tax compliance indicator. It was then recommended among others that for tax administration to be efficient and effective in Nigeria, government should engage the services of tax consultants as well as ensure the provision and utilization of up to date information communication technology soft and hard-wares by its relevant tax agencie
FOREIGN DEBT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH DYNAMICS: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA
Get PDFThis paper examines the relationship between foreign debt and economic growth in Nigeria. It covers the period from 1970 to 2017, and evaluates the impacts of macroeconomic variables on growth. Specifically, it analyses the average impacts of gross fixed capital formation, openness and real interest rate on growth. By employing the ADF, PP and KPSS techniques to test the stationarity of the series, the Bai and Perron (2003) methodology is however adopted to confirm the presence of structural breaks. The linear and polynomial relationships connecting the variables are used as the basis for analysis by adopting OLS and ARDL techniques. Whereas one way causality is established running from foreign debt to growth, a no-causal relationship is rather revealed between growth and the square of foreign debt. Furthermore, the linear analysis establishes an inverse relationship in the short-run, while the polynomial analysis reports insignificant relationship between the variables in both the short-run and long-run. Thus, in conclusion, an inverse relationship is established between foreign debt and economic growth in Nigeria. It is therefore suggested that government should take caution in obtaining more loan from foreign sources
GOVERNANCE PRACTICE AND DIVIDEND PAYOUTS: THE ROLE OF SECTORS
Get PDFCorporate governance (CG) safeguards shareholders’ portfolios and ensures optimal returns in terms of dividend payouts (DPs) on their investment. The association between CG and DPs could be significant in relation to risk exposure, operational and financing activities across firms and sectors. The relationship between the two has been well documented, however; the role of industry classification on the relationship has not been given adequate consideration in the literature. Agency theory underpins the model which captures the effects of CG on DPs. This study, therefore, examines the moderating roles of industry on the relationship in Nigeria between 1995 and 2012; and utilised system generalised method of moments technique in its analysis. Empirical findings of the study indicate that the relationship between CG and DPs is positive in few subsectors while it is negative in some subsectors respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) in connection with the Nigerian Stock Exchange should provide needed interventions to the subsectors showcase negative relationship so that their CG could be enhanced
NATURE AND DETERMINANTS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES LOCATION FACTORS IN ENUGU STATE, NIGERIA
Get PDFThis study is aimed at assessing location factors of Small and Medium Scale industries in Enugu State. To achieve the aim of this study data were collected from field observations, questionnaire and documentary material. Data were collected on nature of SME location factors and determinants of SME location. Data were analysed using percentages and Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Results show that the 15 variables of factors of SME location were compressed to five important factors using PCA. The five factors are availability of economic factors such as market, raw material, labour, influence of infrastructure especially transportation route, family ties, agglomeration effect and Government policies. The five variables, explained 74.12% of the total variance leaving 25.88% of total variance unexplained at significant loadings exceeding +/_ 0.06. This means that before any entrepreneur sets up SMEs in Enugu state, the person must consider the availability of these variables. Also it shows that the five variables will affect the behavior of SME owner in their choice of location. Appropriate recommendation based on our findings includes provision of infrastructure especially roads and Small and medium scale industrial park, estate or clusters with up to date infrastructure
MODERATING EFFECT OF INFLATION ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONSHIP IN NIGERIA
Get PDFEvery rational economy is often poised to maintain low inflation alongside sustainable economic growth as her macroeconomic policy to ensure foreign inflows. Notably, high inflation harms economic activities while low inflation rate is advantageous. It then becomes imperative to ask, at what rate is inflation beneficial to an economy? This article estimates the impact of inflation on FDI-growth relationship for the period 1981-2017. In the results, there’s a positive long-run relationship between the three variables in question. An addendum to the findings show a nonlinear relationship, such that the Nigerian economy is at its highest growth rate when inflation is less than or equal to 2.80 percent threshold level of inflation and above which it becomes harmful to growth. Further findings show that the marginal effect of FDI at less than threshold level of inflation is positive to growth while at higher than threshold level of inflation is negative to growth. In conclusion, the Nigerian government should harness, develop and stabilize her macro economy to prevent the repellence of foreign investors by maintaining its inflation at its threshold level or less
BUDGET PADDING AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
Get PDFThe concept of budget padding was new in 2016 dictionary of Nigeria politics. This entrench budgetary process over the years as billions of naira was illegally padded through inflating the budget to trillions of naira and this has derailed the objectives of the budget preparation suspiciously. It has been observed that budget padding came in due to conflict of interest between the subordinate and superior, principal and agent, legislature that gain advantageous information against Nigerian masses. Budget padding is a persistent corruption, act of illicit enrichment of limited funds or resources that undermines policy changes for socio-economic development in Nigeria. This new budgetary act has led to poverty, inequality, unemployment, destitution, diseases, illiteracy and poor living standard among citizens. This paper examined budget padding and national development in Nigeria. The paper is anchored on prebendalism theory as its framework using qualitative method. The paper in its findings, opined that lawmakers inserted whooping sum in the budget, certain funds proposed by the executive for key infrastructures were either removed from the budget or slashed by the National Assembly and this corrupt action undermine national development. The abnormal conduct of budget padding by national assembly is a national embarrassment and it has imposed a lot of moral disgrace on Nigerian State. It is on this premise that the paper recommend that there is need for presidency to engage consulting firm to audit the financial bill to ensure accountability and hitch free budget preparation
Land Ownership, Household bargaining Power and Child Health Outcomes: Evidence from the NDHS
Get PDFThe Demand Side Financing option to eliminate financial barrier to uptake of child health interventions in developing countries can be analyse from the dimension of intrafamilial resource allocation within households. An understanding of the operation of domestic economy is potentially relevant in stimulating demand for child health. The role of women land ownership status in influencing household decision making and consequently child health outcome was investigated in this study. The Non-cooperative model, particularly the Separate sphere model was taken to a Nigerian Demographic Health Survey data. Specifically, the propensity score model was used to estimate the causal treatment effect of women land ownership status on the nutrition of children (stunting and wasting). We uncover a reduced probability (3%), on average, of a child becoming stunted if the mother owns land. The effect size was however reduced (0.7%) when a more robust treatment indicator-LandRight was used. The wasting model corroborates the stunting outcome but with improved and statistically significant treatment effect (2%) when the Land Right was controlled for. Our findings were robust to different propensity score methods such as the Nearest Neighbour Matching, Inverse Probability Weight, and Regression Adjustment among others. Taken together, this evidence is suggestive of a negative Average Treatment Effect (ATE) associated with mere land ownership among women in Nigeria. In effect, land ownership right is likely to reduce the probability of children becoming either stunted or wasted
EFFECTS OF EDUCATION ON INTERNATIONAL REMITTANCES INFLOW AND MIGRATION PROPENSITY IN NIGERIA
Get PDFHuman capital development in education is a major problem facing both emigrating labour from Nigeria and Non-migrant labour in Nigeria. The distribution of international remittance inflow over the level of human capital development in education completed before migration was the aim of this study. Gini coefficient decomposition analysis for the emigrants’ remittance and logistic based regression were used to ascertain the distribution of emigrants’ remittance over the level of human capital development in education completed before migration and to measure the effects of the level of human capital development in education completed before migration on the odds ratio of sending money home to the household. Evidence from the study shows that log mean of the emigrants’ remittance over the level of human capital development in education completed before migration increases as education level completed before migration increases. Also, human capital development level in education completed before migration also contributes to the unequal distribution of remittance across the emigrating groups. The gini coefficient for primary school or less, Secondary and Technical, Tertiary and others are 0.09, 0.08, 0.07 and 0.08 respectively with their corresponding Theil indices as 0.014, 0.011, 0.001 and 0.011 respectively. These statistics suggested that the advancement in human capital development in education before migration would reduce the inequality in remittance inflow. The policy implication of this findings is that migration policies with human capital development can reduce the inequality in the remittance
QUALITY OF LIFE IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL OF ACCESS TO WATER AND SANITATION IN COASTAL AND WATERFRONT COMMUNITIES IN DELTA STATE
Get PDFThis paper examines the quality of life as it relates to access to water and sanitation in coastal and waterfront communities in Delta State. A total of 450 structured questionnaires were distributed to 30 selected coastal and water-front communities in Delta State. The study employed the Facility Condition Index and other statistical methods in accessing the quality of life through an appraisal of access to water and sanitation. The empirical findings of the study showed a dismay situation since respondents perception with key quality of life facilities was below par. The study also found that only a few in the sampled communities have access to portable water and sanitary facilities, with the vast majority practicing open defecation, thereby polluting water sources which are the main source of drinking water. The paper therefore recommends that both state and federal governments should enact more proactive policies that will ensure that both portable water and sanitation facilities are adequately provided for these fragile communities in order to boost the level of their quality of life