JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS AND ALLIED RESEARCH
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PERCEIVED IMPACT OF ONLINE RESOURCES ON THE ECONOMIC LITERACY LEVEL OF ECONOMICS STUDENTS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH EAST, NIGERIA
Full text linkThis paper investigated perceived impact of online resources on the economic literacy level of Economics students in Federal Universities in South East Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted. The instrument of data collection was a questionnaire which was developed based on the three (3) research questions. The respondents to the instrument were a selected sample of one hundred and fifty-two students. The method of data analysis was mean and standard deviation while t-test was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that online resources encourage learning of current economic matters outside the classroom. Also, E-resources like blogs keep students updated on latest news about the country’s economy, and economic conditions of other nations with which they can make valid generalizations. This study has significant implications for policy, highlighting the crucial role of online resources in enhancing economic literacy among Economics students in federal universities. The findings highlight the importance of investing in digital infrastructure, including internet facilities, to support online learning. Furthermore, the study emphasizes the need for digital literacy programs that teach students how to effectively navigate online resources and develop critical thinking skill
ANALYSIS OF CURRENCY FLUCTUATIONS AND SELECTED AGRICULTURAL EXPORT COMMODITIES IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe theory of comparative advantage of David Richardo has made it clear that no economy can exist in isolation hence the need to optimize gain from international trade wherein economies of the world could build international trade competitiveness based on area of advantage. The impact of currency fluctuations on selected agricultural export commodities is an effort to unravel the currency fluctuation dynamics of international trade on export commodities. Data for five major agricultural export commodities was sourced from the Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) and World Bank Development Indicator database. The result indicates that a unit appreciation of the currency produced a 0.002 unit decline in cocoa-bean export in Nigeria in the short run. Currency fluctuation however had no significant effect on rubber export either in the long or short term. The outcome of the study also shows that a unit rise in the value of the local currency resulted in a 0.03 unit rise in the volume of palm-oil export, while it also increased groundnut export by 0.002 in the short term. Finally, a unit fall in the value of the local currency triggered a 0.049 unit fall in cotton seed export in Nigeria. Generally, the study found that currency fluctuations have a small quantitative impact on the selected agricultural export commodities in Nigeria. The study recommends that Nigerian government should adopt a more rigorous export promotion strategy with direct bearing on improving the competitiveness of exportable especially as the economy tries to break away from oil export dominanc
TESTING FOR LONG-RUN ELASTICITIES IN THE PRESENCE OF STRUCTURAL CHANGE: EVIDENCE FROM CLIMATE CHANGE FOR SOUTH AFRICA
Full text linkThis study uses Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) developed by Stock and Watson (1993), Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) developed by Phillips and Hansen (1990), and Canonical Cointegrating Regression (CCR) developed by Park (1992) methods to provide insights into the responsiveness of climate change to changes in energy consumption, urbanization, and economic growth over a significant period. The DOLS, FMOLS, and CCR methods serve as supplementary robustness checks to the existence of a long-term relationship ascertained among the stated variables under study (Auwal, 2024). The study detects a structural change in the long run in the effect on the South African economy from 1971 to 2022, using the least squares method and Bai & Perron's (2003) tests, which necessitates the use of a dichotomous variable to represent the categorical data periods of investigation. The findings from the DOLS, FMOLS, and CCR models revealed are three-fold. On energy consumption, climate change significantly and positively responds to changes in coal and oil consumption by 0.85% to 1.1% and 0.25% to 0.27%, respectively. While the degree of responsiveness of climate change to gas consumption is significantly negative between 0.04% and 0.15%, the climate change response to changes in urbanization and economic growth was insignificant. The study concludes that while urbanization can create localized climate changes, it is not considered to be a significant direct contributor to climate change in South Africa on a large scale. Similarly, its economic activity alone doesn’t significantly influence the progression of climate change in South Africa
IMPACT OF CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMME ON HOUSEHOLDS’ ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT IN NASARAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Full text linkThe paper examined the impact of conditional cash transfer programme on households’ economic empowerment in Nasarawa State. It is qualitative study that used primary data, collected through interviews and focus group discussion (FGD). 140 beneficiaries participated in the FGD, while interviews were conducted with 6 stakeholders. The study adopted content and narrative analysis for the data analysis. Results of the analysis show that CCT has brought about full employment to beneficiaries households because of the new businesses identified. It has also led to increases in labour force participation rates among beneficiary households and communities at large. CCT has increased access of beneficiaries to financial services, including savings, credit and insurance as well as increase their financial literacy. Beneficiaries have the opportunity to own assets, such as land, housing, livestock and other productive due to the CCT intervention. Similarly, beneficiaries built skills along the supply chains with value-added activities, which also enhance their access to markets. The study concluded that CCT programme has demonstrated capacity to change the narratives of women in the communities by improving their income and give them wealth. The paper based on the findings recommended that more funds be made available to scale-up the programme in the state, and there is need for institutionalization of CCT programme in Nasarawa State through legislation by devoting a percentage of its revenue into the programme for effective service deliver
SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND MORTALITY RATES IN NIGERIA: AN APPLICATION OF HEALTH CAPITAL MODEL
Full text linkThis study investigates the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) on mortality rates in Nigeria from 1990 to 2020, employing the Health Capital Model (HCM) as the analytical framework. The analysis utilizes Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) with time-series data to examine how variations in income, education, employment, and other SES indicators influence health outcomes, particularly mortality rates. The findings underscore the significant role of income, and education, health expenditure in determining mortality rate in Nigeria. A more inclusive national health insurance scheme (NHIS) is advocated to accommodate the informal sector as well as health literacy awareness campaigns were policy recommended to tackle this menace
ANALYSING FISCAL POLICY AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: INSIGHT FROM THE GAMBIA
Full text linkThis study uses the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model to investigate how fiscal policy influences economic growth in the Gambia. Findings confirm the significant relationship between fiscal policy rate and economic growth in both the short and long run, and gross fixed capital formation exhibits a negative and statistically significant relationship with economic growth. Additionally, the impact of public debt in the short term was non-significant but substantial in the long run. Furthermore, government expenditure substantially impacts growth in both the short and long run, and the causality test proved that the variables show a one-way causation on economic growth. The study recommends that policy-making decisions to pay attention to policies that will intensify the efficiency of fiscal policy rates to support and expand the rate of growth. Tax policy arrangements and implementations should be reviewed, and the accrued revenue should be reinvested into areas that will improve human capital and infrastructure development. On public debt, the focus should be on productive or tied to investments that will generate high returns at a reasonable payback period to avoid debt overhang
SIX SIGMA AND PERFORMANCE OF SMALL SCALE MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN ABUJA
Full text linkThis study examined the effect of application of Six Sigma principles on performance of small-scale manufacturing firms in Abuja. Using a cross-sectional survey research design, data were collected from 205 respondents in selected small scale manufacturing firms through structured questionnaire administered to 370 participants using Goggle form. The measures of Six sigma are the dimensions of six sigma namely: process definition, process measurement, process diagnostics, process improvement, and process control while performance was measured by customer patronage indicators. Data were analyzed using regression analysis via SPSS Version 26. The findings revealed that application of the principles of: process definition, process measurement, process diagnostic, process improvement and process control have positive and significant effects on performance. On combining the five dimensions of six sigma, the result showed that all the five dimensions jointly predict performance with application of Six sigma principles having a positive and significant effect on performance with application of six sigma principles explaining 35% (Adj. R2= .350) variation in performance. Individual contribution to performance in the combined model showed that process measurement, process improvement and process control have positive and significant effects on performance whereas process definition shows a statistically significant but negative effect on performance while process diagnostics was not statistically significant, indicating it does not contribute meaningfully to explaining performance outcomes in the combined process. Based on the findings, it is recommended that small scale manufacturing firm operating in Abuja should implement the five tools of six sigma most especially process measurement, process improvement and process control tools to enhance performance of their manufacturing activities
CENTRAL BANK DIGITAL CURRENCY (CBDC) AND THE DYNAMICS OF CHINESE ECONOMIC SHORTCUT TO US DOLLAR HEGEMONY
Full text linkThe paper examined central bank digital currency (CBDC) and the dynamics of Chinese economic shortcut to US dollar hegemony. The study employed secondary data to achieve the objectives, in other words, it is a qualitative study. The study revealed that the introduction of Chinese digital RMB (e-CNY) and its advancement in cross-border payments will largely challenge the global hegemony of the US dollar. This move will reduce the costs of trade, facilitate financial inclusion, foster financial innovation and expand the monetary and fiscal components. It will increase payment transparency and decrease money laundering and tax evasion. The study recommended that, there should be a provision of a level playing ground for accessibility and infrastructure that promotes motivation and competition among different payment service providers. There should also be a robust digital architecture that includes optimal, reliable and affordable internet connectivity and comprehensive access to digital device
IMPACT OF INTEREST AND EXCHANGE RATES ON STOCK MARKET PERFORMANCE IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Full text linkThis study investigated the impact of macroeconomic variables specifically, central bank policy rates (interest rates) and nominal exchange rates on stock market performance in Sub-Saharan Africa, focusing on Nigeria, South Africa, Ghana, and Namibia. Motivated by the need to understand how economic fundamentals influence financial markets in developing economies, the study employed quarterly panel data from 2010Q2 to 2025Q1. The analysis utilized a Fixed Effects Model to account for country-specific heterogeneity in assessing stock market performance, proxied by the All Share Index (ASI). The findings revealed that nominal exchange rates had a positive but statistically insignificant impact on stock market performance, suggesting a potentially weak but directional relationship. In contrast, interest rates showed a negative and statistically insignificant effect, indicating limited immediate influence on market behaviour. Other macroeconomic control variables including inflation and foreign direct investment also exhibited no significant impact. The results highlight the complex nature of macro-financial interactions in the region and underscore the need for cautious monetary policy calibration. The study concluded that while macroeconomic fundamentals do influence market trajectories, their effects may be moderated by structural and institutional factors unique to Sub-Saharan Africa. It recommends strengthening financial market infrastructure and deepening macroeconomic coordination to enhance resilience and investor confidence
EXCHANGE RATE DEVALUATION, ECONOMIC GROWTH AND PRICE STABILITY IN NIGERIA
Full text linkThe study explores the relationship between devaluation and growth in Nigeria using time series data from 1991 to 2023. The estimating techniques are both the Autoregressive Distributed Lag model and Granger causality test. Two models are developed for this study. The first model of ARDL explores the influence of currency devaluation on economic growth using exchange rate as the proxy for devaluation and it is one of the independent variables. Gross Domestic Product growth rate is used to represent economic growth. The second estimating technique of Granger causality tries to see whether exchange rate devaluation would lead to price instability. Results indicate no significant effect of real exchange rate on growth rate of GDP. Exchange rates Granger causes consumer price index. The study recommends that the authority should provide the enabling environment that would encourage local businesses and boost domestic production so as to ease pressure on foreign exchange