Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum
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Orisinalitas Karya Cipta Lagu dan/atau Musik yang Dihasilkan Artificial Intelligence
Full text linkAlgoritma pembelajaran mesin dalam menciptakan karya menjadi permasalahan dalam menilai orisinalitas terhadap karya lagu dan/atau musik yang dihasilkan artificial intelligence dalam lingkup hak cipta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang pengaturan terkait orisinalitas lagu dan/atau musik yang ada dalam ketentuan nasional maupun internasioal terhadap pemanfaatan artificial intelligence dalam lingkup hak cipta. Penelitian menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan terkait pengaturan hak cipta, Pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan perbandingan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ditemukan batasan orisinalitas yang pasti dalam ketentuan hukum internasional terkait hak cipta, sedangkan Indonesia memuat batasan orisinalitas terhadap lagu dan/atau musik yang termuat dalam undang-undang No.28 Tahun 2014 tentang hak cipta. Adapun ketentuan yang ada belum memadai dalam memberikan perlindungan lagu dan/atau musik yang dihasilkan artificial intelligence layaknya beberapa negara yang telah membentuk konsepsi perlindungan dalam menilai permasalahan terkait orisinalitas. Pembentukan peraturan dan pertegasan batas orisinalitas menjadi hal yang perlu untuk dimuat dalam peraturan di Indonesia guna mendukung perkembangan teknologi artificial intelligence
Relevansi Penundaan Pemilihan Umum Tahun 2024 dalam Perspektif Hukum Tata Negara Darurat
Full text linkDiscourse on postponing the elections in 2024 was circulated amid the ongoing Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Pandemic, which conceptually could be classified as a civil emergency in Indonesia. The discourse was brought up by a certain group of political elites and received various responses in the community, from those who approved to those who rejected the idea. This paper describes the implementation of the 2024 elections in the context of the state of emergency, as a branch of the scientific study of constitutional law that discusses the state when it is faced with abnormal conditions, aka emergencies due to dangers that threaten the continuity of the nation and state. This paper uses normative legal research conducted using a statutory and conceptual approach which will later assess whether the postponement of the election can be justified from the point of view of the state of emergency, and by looking at the implications of the current danger of Covid-19 supported by policies that there is from the government, as well as the election management body itself, namely the General Elections Commission.Wacana penundaan pemilu pada tahun 2024 mendatang, sempat beredar di tengah keberlangsungan Pandemi Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19), yang secara konsepsi dapat diklasifikasikan sebagai darurat sipil di Indonesia. Wacana tersebut dilontarkan oleh sekelompok elit politik tertentu dan mendapatkan respon yang beragam di tengah masyarakat, dari yang menyetujuinya hingga menolak gagasan tersebut. Tulisan ini menjelaskan mengenai pelaksanaan pemilu 2024 dalam konteks hukum tata negara darurat, sebagai cabang kajian keilmuan dari hukum tata negara yang membahas negara ketika dihadapkan dengan kondisi yang tidak normal alias darurat dikarenakan adanya bahaya yang mengancam jalannya keberlangsungan bangsa dan negara. Tulisan ini menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif yang dilakukan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan konseptual yang nantinya akan menilai apakah penundaan pemilu tersebut dapat dibenarkan dalam sudut pandang hukum tata negara darurat, serta dengan melihat implikasi dari bahaya Covid-19 saat ini dengan didukung dengan kebijakan yang ada dari pemerintah, serta lembaga penyelenggara pemilu itu sendiri yakni Komisi Pemilihan Umum
Optimalisasi Perlindungan Ekspresi Budaya Masyarakat Adat di Indonesia
Full text linkThere are approximately 33 types of Indonesian culture that have been claimed as belonging to other countries. Among others, there are Reog Ponorogo and Kuda Lumping Dance; both are from East Java. This proves that the regulation of protection related to TCSe in Indonesia has not provided satisfaction to this nation. Based on this phenomenon, the authors are interested in providing solutions through this research. The type of research is juridical-normative. Furthermore, this research intends to define the TCSe protection mechanisms to assist the Indonesian economy given that legal efforts in developing the “expressions of folklore” will benefit the regional economy. After conducting the research, the authors concluded two major findings. First, so far, the protection of TCSe has not been regulated specifically. As a result, TCSe does not have a strong position concerning its legality. Therefore, it becomes vulnerable and blemishes the occurrence of recognition by othercountries which results in losses to the state economy. Second, specific regulations and anti-theft task forces or advocacy groups are urgently needed to help the indigenous people protect the rights of their distinctive intellectual property. Thus, specialized institutions, which control access and benefit-sharing arrangements with foreign users, are required.Ada kurang lebih 33 jenis budaya Indonesia yang diklaim sebagai milik negara lain. Antara lain Reog Ponorogo dan Tari Kuda Lumping; keduanya berasal dari Jawa Timur. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa regulasi perlindungan terkait TCSe di Indonesia belum memberikan kepuasan bagi bangsa ini. Berdasarkan fenomena tersebut, penulis tertarik untuk memberikan solusi melalui penelitian ini. Jenis penelitian ini adalah yuridis-normatif. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mendefinisikan mekanisme perlindungan TCSe untuk membantu perekonomian Indonesia mengingat upaya hukum dalam mengembangkan “ekspresi cerita rakyat” akan menguntungkan perekonomian daerah. Setelah melakukan penelitian, penulis menyimpulkan dua temuan utama. Pertama, selama ini perlindungan terhadap TCSe belum diatur secara khusus. Akibatnya, TCSe tidak memiliki posisi yang kuat terkait legalitasnya. Sehingga menjadi rentan dan menodai terjadinya pengakuan oleh negara lain yang mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi negara. Kedua, peraturan khusus dan satuan tugas anti-pencurian atau kelompok advokasi sangat dibutuhkan untuk membantu masyarakat adat melindungi hak kekayaan intelektual mereka yang khas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan lembaga khusus yang mengontrol akses dan pengaturan pembagian keuntungan dengan pengguna asing
Perlindungan Hukum Pengetahuan Tradisional Sanro
Full text linkThis study aims to find out about the legal protection of Sanro Traditional Knowledge in South Sulawesi, and to analyze the concept of benefit sharing as a protection for Sanro traditional knowledge. This research is normative research, with a statue approach, while the data source used is secondary data in the form of statutory regulations related to Traditional Knowledge. The results of this study indicate that statutory regulations relating to Traditional Knowledge are not sufficient in providing protection. So, one of the concepts that can be applied in the protection of Traditional Knowledge is by using the concept of benefit sharing. The concept of benefit sharing that used not only emphasize the economic aspect, but also the moral aspect, which is the recognition of the existence of the Traditional Knowledge.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tentang perlindungan hukum terhadap Pengetahuan Tradisional Sanro di Sulawesi Selatan, serta menganalisis konsep benefit sharing sebagai perlindungan pengetahuan tradisional sanro. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif, dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue approach), adapun sumber data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa peraturan perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan Pengetahuan Tradisional. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Peraturan Perundang-undangan yang berkaitan dengan Pengetahuan Tradisional belum memadai dalam memberikan perlindungan. Maka, salah satu konsep yang dapat diterapkan dalam perlindungan terhadap Pengetahuan Tradisional, yaitu menggunakan konsep benefit sharing. Konsep benefit sharing yang digunakan tidak hanya menekankan pada aspek ekonomis, namun juga pada aspek moral yaitu pengakuan akan eksistensi Pengetahuan Tradisional tersebut
Law Enforcement of Unregistered Marriage Practices in Indonesia Lawrence Meir Friedman’s Legal Effective Perspective
Full text linkUnregistered marriage is an endless problem with non-optimal law enforcement. Meanwhile, the massive impact of unregistered marriage is dangerous and this practice is not committed by one or two people but involves many parties. This research aims to describe parties involved in unregistered marriages and their respective roles. In addition, it provides information regarding unregistered marriage regulations and sanctions and determines law enforcement for the parties involved. This normative research used case approach and statutory approach. The data collection technique is documentation and the analysis technique is deductive and inductive. The results of this study found several parties involved in unregistered marriages. These parties are: first, main actors such as illegal rulers, husbands, and wives or marriage guardians. Second, parties who participate, such as marriage witnesses, brokers, and jockeys. Unregistered marriages are regulated in chapter 1 paragraph (2), chapter 3 paragraphs (1 and 2) of Law no. 32/1954 concerning the enactment of Law no. 22 of 1946 concerning registration of marriages, divorces, and reconciliation in all regions outside Java and Madura, the sanctions are contained in chapter 4 and chapter 45 paragraph (1) letter (a) PP No. 9/1975 concerning the Implementation of Law no. 1/1974 on marriage. Law enforcement against the perpetrators of unregistered marriages has not been optimal
Principles of Selective Immigration Policy in Relation to Visa Free Entry for Tourism Purposes
Full text linkTourism has an important role in enhancing the economic growth of a country. As a country with growing tourism industry, Indonesia is trying to increase foreign tourist visits by rolling out a visa-free policy. However, the visa-free policy has not yet fully provided benefits. In practice, this policy triggers the occurrence of transnational and international crimes, the rise of illegal foreign workers and the large number of foreigners who abuse their residence permits. The purpose of this research is to analyze the visa-free policy from the perspective of selective policy theory. The research method is normative legal research with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The results of the study show that the visa-free policy as contained in Presidential Regulation Number 21 of 2016 is not fully based on the theory of selective policy. In conclusion, the visa-free policy cannot be implemented optimally because the formulation of this policy does not represent the theory of selective policy. Consequently, the implementation of visa-free policy generates various matters that have an adverse impact on Indonesia. In order to overcome this problem, it is urgent to evaluate and improve the visa-free policy and to make this policy truly based on the theory of selective policy. Thus, the visa-free policy will be very selective in choosing and determining countries that can receive a visa-free policy
Implementation of the Clearance Settlement System for International Arrival and Departures of Immigration Juanda Surabaya
Full text linkThe Juanda Surabaya Immigration Manifest System application is an innovation implemented at the Class I Immigration Office for Surabaya Immigration Checkpoint. The implementation of this policy is intended as a basis for making decisions and evaluating the performance that has been carried out. The manifest system is a clearance process to obtain permits for international departures and arrivals. The clearance process is very vital, especially in the supervisory function on aspects of immigration inspection as the enforcement of state sovereignty. It is considered vital because Indonesian citizens and foreign nationals who will enter or leave Indonesian territory will be filtered through the clearance process .This research was conducted by implementing George C. Edward III theory which puts forward4 (four) variables. These variables include communication, resources, attitudes or tendencies (disposition), and bureaucratic structure. A mixed-method of qualitative and quantitative analysis was used for this study. The results obtained are 3.40; 2.04; 3.83 and 3.43;. They show that the manifest system as the completion of the clearance process is a system that can be used as a reference to be implemented at Immigration Checkpoint (TPI), especially at international airports throughout Indonesia
Implementation of Regulatory Policy in Government Agency
Full text link Legal reform is a necessity. Regulatory arrangement is one aspect of the legal reform program within the framework of national legal development. Regulation is the solution and foundation of law enforcement and government policies, thereby creating legal certainty and order and providing benefits to the community. However, regulation is an obstacle to development due to overlapping regulations, hyper regulations, conflicts of interest and authority. It can be seen that there is a judicial review of existing laws in the Constitutional Court and 1,765 regional regulations have been canceled. The legal reform program is carried out based on the Regulation of the Minister of Administrative and Bureaucratic Reform concerning the Road Map for Bureaucratic Reform 2020-2024. The regulation mandates the need to create a Legal Reform Index to measure the success of Legal Reform. This research was conducted to provide an overview of regulations and the formation of regulations as well as the implementation of regulatory policies for Government Agencies. This research is juridical-empirical and used a qualitative approach. From the results of this study, it was found that there are regulations in Indonesia that require amalgamation, simplification, and revocation. Considering this situation, legal reform is needed. This determination is seen from the Legal Reform Index. Policy Measurement of the legal reform index is useful for ensuring the quality of good laws and regulations following the principles, rules and objectives of the ideal formation and arrangement of laws and regulations.
Corrections (Pemasyarakatan) after Law Number 22 of 2022: New Principles and Policy Identification Regarding the Functions of Probation and Parole Offices
Full text linkThe enactment of Law Number 22 of 2022 concerning Corrections (Pemasyarakatan), which replaces the previous Law Number 12 of 1995, significantly changes the implementation of Correctional functions, mainly the functions carried out by Probation and Parole Offices. If in the 1995 Law Corrections is only referred to as the final part of the Criminal Justice System, the new Law emphasizes the position of Corrections which are more integrated with the entire criminal justice process, so that Correctional functions are carried out at the pre-adjudication, adjudication, and post-adjudication stages. This amendment to the law is also interesting to be studied conceptually, especially to find out what principles are contained in it that form the basis for implementing the functions of Corrections. In line with this, it is also essential to identify what kind of policy changes should be carried out regarding the functions of Probation and Parole Offices in the future with the existence of new principles and differences of provisions in terms of the implementation of corrections functions. By using conceptual analysis methods, particularly policy detection analysis, which is technically carried out in two stages; first, the analysis stage of the content of the law and second, the theoretical coherence analysis stage, this paper comes to two conclusions. First, this paper finds an affirmation of new principles in Law Number 22 of 2022, namely the principle of restorative reintegration, the principle of evidence-based treatments, the principle of individualization, the principle of continuity, and the principle of collaboration. Second, this paper identifies 5 (five) policy changes that need to be made regarding the function of the Probation and Parole Office according to those principles. The policies that must be implemented can be divided into three groups—first, the need for further operationalization of the restorative reintegration concept described by this law. Second, the need for reformulation of various instruments needed in implementing functions, especially social inquiry reports. Third, the need for facilitative strengthening, especially the quantity and quality of probation and parole officers and other facilitative supports
Fast-Track Legislation Mechanism as an Alternative to the Formation of Legislation in Indonesia
Full text linkThe formation of laws and regulations that take a short time to be formulated may have procedural defects in the process of their formation, such as procedural violations, non-implementation of one or several procedures for their formation and insufficient quality of implementation of the procedures for their formation. Consequently, the legislative process in Indonesia leads to poor conditions, causing problems in the formation of laws and regulations. The practice of making laws and regulations in a short period carried out by the legislature seems to apply the mechanism of fast-track legislation. However, this fast process is not in accordance with the positive law that regulates it. Therefore, the mechanism of fast-track legislation is seen as an alternative to the formation of laws and regulations to prevent the practice of forming bad laws and regulations from being repeated continuously. This research is normative juridical research, with a statutory approach and a comparative law approach. This research journal aims to examine the effectiveness of the fast-track legislation mechanism when used as an alternative to the formation of legislation in Indonesia