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The Regulatory Status Analysis for Updating the Public Legal Awareness on Human Rights in Indonesia
Get PDFThis study contends that quantitative empirical legal research is instrumental in enhancing comprehension of public legal awareness regarding the implementation of human rights protection in Indonesia. Utilizing Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the study offers a flexible framework to explore the relationship between human rights ideals and key elements of the legal system as research variables. This research constitutes a literature review emphasizing the significance of empirical quantitative methods, particularly through the development of a path model termed Regulatory Status Analysis. In the proposed model, justice, certainty, and expediency are posited as independent variables representing fundamental legal ideals, while substantive law and legal structure serve as mediating variables within the legal framework. Through empirical testing, the path model elucidates the intricate connections among these variables, focusing on their impact on public awareness and compliance with legal norms safeguarding human rights. Findings indicate that substantive law significantly enhances awareness of legal obligations, whereas the influence of legal structure is minimal, possibly due to perceived inadequacies in enforcing laws against human rights violations. These empirical insights underscore the imperative of developing a robust human rights legal framework conducive to effective implementation and enforcement. By informing national and global legal scholarship, this research aims to guide policy-makers in refining legal systems that promote public awareness, compliance, and protection of human rights
Penanganan Hak Atas Perumahan yang Layak terkait Backlog Di Masa Pandemi COVID 19: Studi Kasus di Kota Samarinda
Get PDFBacklog issues were the main problems during the pandemic. Samarinda City Government istrying to overcome this by presenting affordable housing with the concept of the welfare state (wohlfahrtsstaat). However, this has not been realized, especially for the homeless and People with Social Welfare Problems (PMKS). This study aims to analyze the Samarinda City Government's effort to overcome the backlog issue to fulfill the right to decent housing for PMKS. This research used a juridical normative method by statute and a case study approach with legal sociological. The results show the housing rights fulfillment in Samarinda City has not been fulfilled as a crucial issue to mitigate the spread of Covid-19. The policy implications are still in conflict with constraints such as land availability and are not yet equity-oriented. It is necessary to synchronize policy arrangements with the fulfillment of rights through human rights conventions which are ratified by the Samarinda City Government on availability, affordability, and sustainability aspects.Isu backlog menjadi permasalahan utama perumahan di tengah pandemi Covid-19. Pemerintah Kota Samarinda berusaha mengatasi dengan rumah layak huni yang terjangkau dan sesuai konsep negara kesejahteraan (wohlfahrtsstaat). Namun, hal ini belum dapat diwujudkan terutama bagi tunawisma dan PenyandangMasalah Kesejahteraan Sosial (PMKS). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis upaya Pemerintah Kota Samarinda mengatasi isu backlog untuk memenuhi hak atas perumahan layak bagi PMKS. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif yuridis dengan pendekatan studi kasus dan pendekatan sosiologis hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemenuhan hak atas perumahan yang layak di Kota Samarinda belum terpenuhi dan menjadi isu krusial dalam upaya mitigasi penyebaran Covid-19. Implikasi kebijakan masih berbenturan dengan kendala seperti ketersediaan lahan dan belum berorientasi pada pemerataan. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan sinkronisasi pengaturan kebijakan dengan pemenuhan hak melalui konvensi HAM yang sudah diratifikasi oleh Pemerintah Kota Samarinda terkait aspek ketersediaan, keterjangkauan dan keberlanjutan
SIPKUMHAM and The Rise of Digitalization in the Ministry of Law and Human Rights
Get PDFThe use of digital has accelerated after Covid-19 Pandemic which now has turned to the third year. The implementation of digital development is the emergence of digital system in government administrations which is known as Electronic Government. The situation encourages the use of digital government, or more specifically the use of digital system in government administration system or known as E-Government. Digitalization occurs in many areas including in law and human rights. However, the impact of digital acceleration on working procedures at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights becomes the main focus, currently. This article aims to unfold the process of digital acceleration procedures at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, handling law and human rights affairs. In particular this article will discuss the SIPKUMHAM application. In fact, the attachment of digitalization, has been stated by Law and Human Rights Research and Development Agency within the SIPKUMHAM which contains databases regarding to the issues and its control. This study uses empirical juridical research of qualitative approach. We found that databases are needed to make evidence-based policy. The SIPKUMHAM application becomes a research information system that is able to provide factual data in terms of policy recommendations and tangible forms of performance to the Republic of Indonesia.The use of digital has accelerated after Covid-19 Pandemic which now has turned to the third year. The implementation of digital development is the emergence of digital system in government administrations which is known as Electronic Government. The situation encourages the use of digital government, or more specifically the use of digital system in government administration system or known as E-Government. Digitalization occurs in many areas including in law and human rights. However, the impact of digital acceleration on working procedures at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights becomes the main focus, currently. This article aims to unfold the process of digital acceleration procedures at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, handling law and human rights affairs. In particular this article will discuss the SIPKUMHAM application. In fact, the attachment of digitalization, has been stated by Law and Human Rights Research and Development Agency within the SIPKUMHAM which contains databases regarding to the issues and its control. This study uses empirical juridical research of qualitative approach. We found that databases are needed to make evidence-based policy. The SIPKUMHAM application becomes a research information system that is able to provide factual data in terms of policy recommendations and tangible forms of performance to the Republic of Indonesia
Pornography in Universalism Perspective: A Freedom Expression?
Get PDFThe issue of the right to freedom of expression and pornography needs to be studied from a human rights perspective in terms of universalism and particularism. Pornography has the potential to have different standards depending on the time and place of a person's use of clothing and the extent to which the law restricts pornographic behavior. This study aims to unravel pornography and freedom of expression in the digital space from the Perspective of Human Rights Particularism. The research method used is normative legal research. The results reveal that freedom of expression in Indonesia is intertwined with the dimension of human rights particularism, especially Pancasila so all forms of protests that contain pornography disseminated through the digital space are contrast to the value of Indonesian human rights particularism
Transplantasi Pengaturan Larangan Praktik Female Genital Mutilation melalui Studi Perbandingan Indonesia dengan Mesir
Get PDFEfforts to eliminate and prevent the practice of P2GP/FGM which are considered human rights violations against women are carried out by banning P2GP/FGM in several countries, one of which is Egypt. Meanwhile, there is no regulation or policy to stop P2GP/FGM in Indonesia. Seeing the decline in the prevalence of FGM practices in Egypt, the authors are interested in analyzing the transplantation of P2GP/FGM prohibition settings through a comparative study of Indonesian and Egyptian laws. This research is normative legal research with a conceptual approach and comparative law. Comparative law studies are conducted to get an overview of solutions to the same problems in other countries. The practice of P2GP/FGM in both Indonesia and Egypt is based on ancient traditions and not for medical or religious purposes. The striking difference between the two countries in eliminating FGM practices is the commitment to regulate FGM in legal instruments in their countries. Therefore, in dealing with problems with the same root cause, Indonesia can refer to the same solution, namely by formulating legal instruments regarding P2GP/FGM as a criminal act by carrying out legal transplants adapted to the ideals of the Indonesian legal state.Upaya penghapusan dan pencegahan praktik P2GP/FGM yang dianggap pelanggaran HAM terhadap perempuan, dilakukan dengan pelarangan P2GP/FGM di beberapa negara, salah satunya Mesir. Sedangkan di Indonesia sampai saat ini belum terdapat pengaturan maupun kebijakan untuk menghentikan P2GP/FGM. Melihat penurunan prevalensi praktik FGM di Mesir, penulis tertarik menganalisis transplantasi pengaturan larangan P2GP/FGM melalui studi perbandingan hukum Indonesia dengan Mesir. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dan perbandingan Hukum. Studi perbandingan hukum dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran solusi atas permasalahan yang sama di negara lain. Praktik P2GP/FGM baik di Indonesia maupun di Mesir merupakan praktik atas dasar tradisi kuno dan bukan untuk kepentingan medis maupun agama. Perbedaan yang mencolok kedua negara dalam penghapusan praktik FGM adalah komitmen pengaturan FGM dalam instrumen hukum di negaranya. Oleh karena itu, dalam menghadapi permasalahan dengan akar masalah yang sama, Indonesia dapat merujuk solusi yang sama, yakni dengan merumuskan instrumen hukum mengenai P2GP/FGM sebagai tindak pidana dengan melakukan transplantasi hukum yang disesuaikan dengan cita negara hukum Indonesia
Regulasi Regenerasi Petani dalam Konteks Ketahanan Pangan: Sebuah Upaya dan Jaminan Perlindungan Hak Atas Pangan
Get PDFThere is so much recognition that the availability of land, technology, seeds and weather only determines food security. However, evidence suggests that farmer availability has an important role in overcoming food security challenges. Indirectly, guaranteeing the availability of farmers is an important indicator to ensure the right to food. This article aims to discuss how farmer availability and regeneration are related to food security. This article also wants to reflect on how the availability of adequate policies on agricultural sustainability has an important meaning in guaranteeing the right to food. By using normative legal research and Reform Oriented Research, this article will answer several problems. First, how is the relation between farmer regeneration and food security? Second, what is the state's responsibility to guarantee the right to food? Third, how is the formula of farmer regeneration policies to maintain food security? This article clarifies that farmer availability has a significant influence on food production. This article also finds that the state has an important role in developing agricultural regulations to guarantee food security. At its peak, this article proposes targeted policy support to enable the availability of regulations on farmer regeneration to address food security challenges.Ada begitu banyak pengakuan bahwa ketahanan pangan hanya ditentukan oleh ketersediaan lahan, teknologi, benih, iklim, dan cuaca. Namun, bukti yang berkembang pesat menunjukkan bahwa ketersediaan petani juga memiliki peran penting dalam memenuhi tantangan ketahanan pangan. Secara tidak langsung, jaminan ketersediaan petani juga menjadi indikator penting dalam menilai upaya penjaminan hak atas pangan. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas sejauh mana ketersediaan petani dan regenerasinya terkait dengan ketahanan pangan.Artikel ini juga ingin merefleksikan bagaimana ketersediaan regulasi terhadap keberlanjutan pertanian yang memadaimemiliki arti penting dalammenjamin hak atas pangan bagiwarga negara.Denganmenggunakan penelitian hukum normatif yang dikolaborasikan denganmetode Reform Oriented Research, penelitian ini akan menjawab beberapa permasalahan. Pertama, bagaimana keterkaitan antara regenerasi petani dan ketahanan pangan? Kedua, bagaimana tanggung jawab negara dalam menjamin hak atas pangan? Ketiga, bagaimana formulasi regulasi regenerasi petani untuk menjaga asa ketahanan pangan? Artikel ini mengklarifikasi bahwa ketersediaan petani memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap produksi pangan. Artikel ini juga menemukan bahwa negara memiliki peran penting dalam membangun regulasi pertanian yang dapat menjamin ketahanan pangan. Puncaknya, artikel ini mengusulkan dukungan regulasi yang terarah untuk memungkinkan tersedianya regulasi tentang regenerasi petani untuk menjawab tantangan ketahanan pangan
Perlindungan Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia dalam memperoleh Hak Atas Tanah di Indonesia
Get PDFAll living things philosophically need the land, especially humans. Human need land to maintain their lives. Based on it, the protection of human rights in obtaining land rights is essential as well as in defending their land rights. Defending the land means preserving life. The research problem in this paper is how the legal protection of human rights in obtaining land rights in Indonesia? This paper aims to learn about legal protection for human rights in obtaining land rights in Indonesia. Therefore, to maintain and ensure legal protection of human rights in obtaining land rights in Indonesia, it has been regulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and then regulated explicitly in Law Number 5 of 1960 concerning Regulations about Basic Agrarian Fundamentals. However, it still has weaknesses in the legal protection of human rights in obtaining land rights in Indonesia. So, it can be concluded that the legal protection of human rights in obtaining land rights in Indonesia still has weaknesses. Therefore, the government and the DPR RI are supposed to immediately revise Law Number 5 of 1960 about Basic Regulations on Agrarian Principles.Tanah secara filosofis dibutuhkan oleh semua makhluk hidup terutama manusia sangat membutuhkan tanah dalammempertahankan kehidupannya bahkan sampaimeninggal dunia, perlindungan hak asasimanusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah sangat diperlukan begitu juga dalam mempertahankan hak atas tanahnya tersebut. Mempertahankan tanah berarti mempertahankan hidup dan kehidupannya. Maka yang menjadi permasalahan dalam tulisan ini bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah di Indonesia. Dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai perlindingan hukum terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah di Indonesia. Untuk menjaga dan menjamin perlindungan hukum terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah di Indonesia sudah diatur di dalam Konstitusi atau Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 kemudian diatur secara khusus dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar-Dasar Pokok Agraria. Akan tetapi masih memiliki kelemahan-kelemahan dalam perlindungan hukum terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah di Indonesia. Sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlindungan hukum terhadap hak asasi manusia dalam memperoleh hak atas tanah di Indonesia masih memiliki kelemahan-kelemahan. Pemerintah dan DPR RI segera melakukan revisi terhadap Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1960 tentang Peraturan Dasar Pokok-Pokok Agraria
A Critical Analysis of the Indonesian Human Rights Action Plan 1998-2020
Get PDFThis article examines the genesis and evolution of Indonesia's National Human Rights Action Plan (NHRAP), known as Rencana Aksi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia (Ranham), throughout the Reform era from 1998 to 2020. Ranham stands as an important national policy document designed to articulate two primary objectives: first, to delineate how the state integrates human rights principles and norms into its policies; and second, to establish benchmarks for measuring its notable achievements in this domain. Adopted and implemented by successive Indonesian governments, Ranham has been instituted through Presidential Regulations across five distinct phases over two decades of the Reform era. The foundation of Ranham can be traced back to the Vienna Declaration and Program of Action (VDPA) of 1993, a seminal international human rights framework. Currently, over 70 countries, Indonesia among them, have formulated their respective versions of Ranham. This article underscores Ranham's role as a manifestation of Indonesia's commitment to advancing the human rights agenda nationally. However, it also identifies a significant challenge: the insufficient conceptualization of human rights, which hampers the robust development and fortification of Indonesia's national human rights framework
Peran Kolaboratif Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil mengintegrasikan Nilai-Nilai Hak Asasi Manusia dalam Tata Kelola Bisnis Perkebunan Sawit di Sumatera Utara
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the collaborative effort by the Civil Society Organization (CSO) and its significance to encourage corporations in terms of compliance and implementation of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP), particularly in palm oil plantations in North Sumatra. Integration of human rights values into conducting business activities is mandated by UNGP. Indeed, each of the principal actors of UNGP has a governance system to govern their powers and influences and a so-called polycentric governance system. Therefore, a collaboration strategy for strengthening synergy to implement UNGP is needed. This research is conducted by qualitative analysis method with an exploratory design study by collecting data through interviews and various secondary references related to UNGP and its commentaries and reports on this relevant study. The result indicates that PKPA's programs enhance the capacity building of the primary stakeholder including people who are potentially affected by the company's activities. This is the strategic partnership to incorporate UNGP into palm oil plantation business activities. This research recommends that the PKPA's programs, especially REBOUND can be able to be developed by creating new participative modelsto strengthen the implementation of UNGP, mainly human rights due diligence mechanism and access to effective remedies affected by corporations.Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi upaya kolaboratif Organisasi Masyarakat Sipil (OMS) untuk mendorong akuntabilitas korporasi dalam kepatuhan dan implementasi United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP), khususnya di sektor bisnis perkebunan kelapa sawit di Sumatera Utara. Integrasi nilai-nilai HAM ke dalam tata kelola bisnis merupakan mandat penting UNGP. Selain itu, masing-masing aktor utama dalam UNGP memiliki basis tata kelola sistematis untuk menjalankan kekuasaan dan pengaruhnya dan dikenal sebagai sistem tata kelola polisentris. Di sinilah pentingnya upaya membangun strategi kolaborasi yang efektif untuk salingmenguatkan taraf implementasiUNGP. Penelitian inimenggunakan analisis metode kualitatif dengan desain kajian eksploratif dan koleksi data berdasarkan wawancara dan ragam data sekunder yang berkaitan dengan UNGP, termasuk komentar dan penafsirannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program-program PKPA mampu mendorong peningkatan kapasitas pemangku kebijakan dalampelibatanmultipihakmenginkorporasiUNGPke dalam aktivitas bisnis. Penelitian inimerekomendasikan program-program Pusat Kajian dan Perlindungan Anak (PKPA), yakni RESBOUND dapat dikembangkan melalui penciptaan model-model partisipatif baru untuk mendukung penguatan implementasi UNGP, terutama penguatan mekanisme uji tuntas HAM dan akses pemulihan yang efektif atas dampak pelanggaran HAM dalam relasi aktivitas bisnis
The Study on the Coronavirus Pandemic Using Human Rights and Human Security Approach
Get PDFIn March 2020, The World Health Organization (WHO) finally announced a coronavirus or Covid-19 disease outbreak as a pandemic. According to WHO, the status of a pandemic is determined if a new disease has not had an antidote against the spread of the virus in regions of the world. The virus attacked individuals and no doubt the impact on people is significant, which relates to the security of the people and human rights aspects. The article explores the argumentative basis of human security and further analyzes the problem, strategy and needs in the lens of human rights related to pandemic in the framework of human security. It aims to analytically describe human security approaches in relation to the COVID-19 with human rights perspective through the common pattern of threat identified worldwide and plausible strategies based on literature study. The state strategy addressed in the article exists as a set of examples of best practices and/or critics toward the policy with materials provided by journals. The article uses a qualitative approach with a systematic literature study based on human security framework with human-right analysis and results in a generic set of human security frameworks for COVID-19 with the perspective of human rights