UIN WALISONGO JOURNALS
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Domestication and Foreignization Strategies in the Translation of Humorous Hadiths: An Inquiry into Translation Ideology
Full text linkThe difficulty of translating humor that is rich in cultural and religious values poses a dilemma between preserving the authenticity of the source text or adapting it to the culture of the target audience. This challenge becomes even more significant in the translation of the Prophet's humorous hadiths, which contain messages of Islamic preaching and ethics. To address this issue, a qualitative approach was employed, involving content analysis of the humorous hadiths in the book Everything Has Its Time by Sheikh Mahmud Al-Mishri, translated by Ustadz Abdul Somad. Data analysis was conducted by identifying cultural words, classifying translation strategies according to Peter Newmark, and interpreting ideological tendencies based on Lawrence Venuti's domestication and foreignization theory. The results of the study indicate that domestication strategies, particularly descriptive equivalent, through-translation, and paraphrase, were used most frequently, while other strategies such as componential analysis, recognized translation, modulation, and shifts appeared less often. The conclusion suggests that domestication strategies contribute to achieving a balance between meaning accuracy and cultural acceptance, thereby maintaining both comprehensibility and religious values. Translators of religious humorous texts are therefore encouraged to uphold this balance so that the message of Islamic preaching remains intact and communicative
Unveiling spiritual violence: A critical discourse analysis of the Bidaah series
Full text linkThis study examines the construction of spiritual violence in the Malaysian psychological religious drama series Bidaah through Norman Fairclough’s Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) approach. Within the context of religious societies vulnerable to ideological domination based on religion, the series illustrates how religious discourse is employed as an instrument for legitimizing power and social control. This qualitative study uses purposive sampling to analyze eight selected scenes from five episodes containing dialogues and symbolic representations of religious authority within the fictional group Jihad Ummah. The textual analysis focuses on diction, sentence structure, modality, metaphor, and ideological presupposition to reveal the mechanisms of reproducing symbolic and epistemic violence that silence criticism and affirm the absolute authority of religious figures. The findings show that Bidaah not only represents religious violence narratively but also depicts social practices involving symbolic and structural violence that reflect the realities of religious conflict and polarization in Indonesia and Malaysia. This study contributes to a critical understanding of the relationship between language, power, and ideology in media, while opening space for reflection on repressive and exclusive religious practices in modern society.
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Penelitian ini mengkaji konstruksi kekerasan spiritual dalam serial drama religi psikologis Malaysia, Bidaah, melalui pendekatan Analisis Wacana Kritis (AWK) Norman Fairclough. Dalam konteks masyarakat religius yang rentan terhadap dominasi ideologis berbasis agama, serial ini menampilkan bagaimana wacana keagamaan digunakan sebagai instrumen legitimasi kekuasaan dan kontrol sosial. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan purposive sampling, menganalisis delapan adegan terpilih dari lima episode yang memuat dialog dan simbolisasi kekuasaan religius dalam kelompok fiktif Jihad Ummah. Analisis teks difokuskan pada aspek diksi, struktur kalimat, modalitas, metafora, dan presuposisi ideologis untuk mengungkap mekanisme reproduksi kekerasan simbolik dan epistemik yang membungkam kritik dan meneguhkan otoritas absolut figur religius. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa serial Bidaah tidak hanya merepresentasikan kekerasan agama dalam bentuk naratif, tetapi juga memaparkan praktik sosial yang melibatkan kekerasan simbolik dan struktural, yang mencerminkan realitas konflik dan polarisasi keagamaan di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman kritis tentang hubungan antara bahasa, kekuasaan, dan ideologi dalam media, sekaligus membuka ruang refleksi terhadap praktik keberagamaan yang represif dan eksklusif dalam masyarakat modern
Biological Control Agent of Spodoptera frugiperda Using Bacillus thuringiensis Bacteria
Full text linkThe main obstacle in the development of food crop production and horticulture is the attack of S. frugiperda larvae. Pest control using chemical insecticides has a long-term negative impact. The biological control of Spodoptera frugiperda larvae is accomplished by utilizing B. thuringiensis bacteria. This study aims to determine the best B. thuringiensis isolate for killing S. frugiperda larvae, to identify the most effective concentration of B. thuringiensis suspension, and to ascertain the mortality rate of S. frugiperda larvae. The design of this study was a randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was the type of B. thuringiensis isolate, consisting of four isolates. Larval mortality data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and further tested with the Duncan test. The results obtained showed the highest average mortality of S. frugiperda larvae using isolates Bt3BP14 and Bt4TSR6. These two isolates had the highest average mortality on the third day. Bt3BP14 and Bt4TSR6 isolates have high potential in controlling S. frugiperda larvae, with an average mortality proportion of 86,67% and 66,67% observed over three days. The best doses of B. thuringiensis suspension for killing S. frugiperda larvae were 15 ml and 20 ml. It can be concluded that B. thuringiensis isolates can be used as natural biological control agents against S. frugiperda larvae that attack food crops and horticulture
NICKEL-BASED CATALYSTS FOR UREA ELECTROLYSIS: A REVIEW OF ELECTROLYSIS PERFORMANCE AND CATALYST DESIGN
Full text linkThe increasing concentration of urea in wastewater poses both an environmental challenge and an opportunity for sustainable hydrogen production through urea electrolysis, which depends on efficient electrocatalysts. This review focused on nickel-based catalysts due to their high catalytic activity and stability in alkaline media. Using the PRISMA method, twenty studies published between 2020 and 2025 were analyzed based on current density, cell potential, Tafel slope, and stability. Through thematic analysis, catalysts were categorized according to their structure, composition, design strategy, and performance at 10, 50, 100, and 500 mA cm⁻². The review also highlights the importance of testing catalysts in real wastewater rather than in idealized electrolytes. An effective catalyst should exhibit a porous or layered nanostructure, multimetallic composition, and surface doping, while avoiding noble metals and overly complex architectures that hinder charge transfer and scalability
Developing Interactive Augmented Reality Learning Media to Introduce Chemistry Laboratory Equipment in Senior High School
Full text linkThis research aimed to describe the validity or feasibility value of developing a game-based augmented reality learning application to introduce chemical laboratory equipment. The application developed was AR-LAB (Augmented Reality Laboratory), combining augmented reality technology with quizzes. This research employed development research using Richey and Klein's theory, which contains three steps: planning, production, and evaluation. The results show that the product's validity by material and media experts was 91.67% and 91.67%, respectively, in the very good category. The teacher assessment provided an average score of 112.4 from the ideal maximum score of 120, with an ideal level reaching 93.60% in the very good category. Meanwhile, testing by ten students obtained the maximum score in the very good category. The successfully developed media has the advantage of introducing laboratory equipment in three dimensions that are affordable and easy for students to learn about chemical laboratory equipment
Student’s Mental Model using Four-Tier Diagnostic Test on Acid-Base
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to describe the mental model of students on the acid-base material class XI phase F. The type of research used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The research population consisted of students in class XI Phase F, and the research sample comprised 31 students from XI F9 at SMAN 2 Payakumbuh, using a purposive sampling technique. The data collection technique was conducted in two stages: the test stage and the interview stage. This test stage utilises a four-tier diagnostic test instrument, employing three levels of chemical representation. Then, the interview stage is conducted to gather data and confirm the results of the diagnostic tests that have been performed. The findings of this study detected that students have varied mental models. There are 41.1% have a mental model of synthesis-partial understanding B; 19.6% synthesis-partial understanding A; 15% initial model; 12.5% scientific model, and 11.8% synthesis-misconception. This is supported by the presentation agreement of the interview result with the diagnostic test
Misconceptions Profile of Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School Students on Renewable Energy Materials
No full textThis research aims to determine (1) whether or not there are misconceptions of class X Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School students regarding renewable energy application of the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) technique; (2) what sub-concepts are the most common misconceptions experienced by class X students at Riyadul Mubarok Integrated High School regarding renewable energy material using the CRI method. Using the purposive sampling technique, twenty students from class X made up the sample. The phenomena of misunderstandings regarding renewable energy, which contains three subconcepts the the energy conservation law, energy conversion, and the topic of this form of descriptive qualitative research is alternative energy. According to the study's findings, students' misconceptions on renewable energy fall into the low category 19.34%, whereas the sub-concept of energy conversion has the highest number of misconceptions 31.7%. With a value of 14.45%, the alternative energy sub-chapter has the lowest misperception category.The questions with the highest percentage of misconceptions 40% are found in items 4 and 13, whereas question number 9 has the lowest rate of misconceptions 0%. Overall, comprehension of the material on renewable energy is not very high, 25.34% of students understood the concept, compared to a higher number of 37.67% of students who did no
Development of Bioinformatics Based E-Magazine for Medical Biotechnology Learning: a Case Study of In Silico Research Project
Full text linkThe rapid development of technology has led to digitalization in various fields, including education. In higher education, students are required to master technology according to their field of expertise. One of the technological applications for biology students is bioinformatics, which can be integrated into medical biotechnology learning through relevant media. This study aims to develop a bioinformatics-based e-magazine as a supporting medium for medical biotechnology learning. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) method using the ADDIE model (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). The needs analysis involved 66 students, with all participants (100%) agreeing on the importance of developing a bioinformatics e-magazine. The e-magazine design was developed by incorporating the in silico research results of Moringa oleifera leaf compounds as potential agents against lung cancer. Expert validation showed feasibility scores of 91.25% (material) and 85.7% (media), both categorized as very valid. The practicality assessment by users obtained an average score of 89.8% (very practical). Meanwhile, the effectiveness test yielded an average N-Gain score of 0.9 (medium improvement) with an N-Gain percentage of 59.71% (fairly effective). Therefore, the bioinformatics e-magazine can be categorized as feasible, practical, and effective to support medical biotechnology learning
Development of E-LKPD Based on Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) to Empower Critical Thinking Skills in Class X High School Students' Biology Learning
Full text linkThe 21st century is characterized by rapid advancements in science and technology, making critical thinking an essential competency for students. Preliminary research at SMA Negeri 1 Limbangan revealed that 69.44% of students were in the very low category of critical thinking, with an average score of only 20%. This issue is attributed to teacher-centered learning and conventional instructional materials that provide minimal opportunities for analytical activities. This study aims to develop an Electronic Student Worksheet (E-LKPD) based on the Search, Solve, Create, and Share (SSCS) model for biology learning, evaluate the validity of the product, and analyze students’ responses. A Research and Development (R&D) approach using the 4-D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate) was employed, focusing on the Develop stage, involving 36 Grade X students. Expert validation, including material, media, instructional methodology, critical thinking, and biology teachers, showed high validity (average >90%). A small-scale trial revealed positive student responses with an average score of 90.4%, indicating high readability and practicality. The findings demonstrate that the SSCS-based E-LKPD effectively enhances students’ critical thinking, facilitates inquiry-based learning, and bridges the gap between conventional learning materials and 21st-century competency needs. This study underscores the necessity of innovative digital instructional tools that integrate critical thinking models to prepare students for global challenges
Reformulating Governor Elections between Popular Sovereignty and Government Effectiveness in Indonesia’s Decentralised System
Full text linkThis study comprehensively examines the design of gubernatorial elections in Indonesia within the framework of decentralisation, with a particular focus on balancing the principle of popular sovereignty and the demands of local government effectiveness. Through a normative legal approach, juridical-deductive analysis, and a comparative constitutional study of the United States, Germany, India, Brazil, and the Philippines, this article evaluates the impact of the current design of gubernatorial elections on these two pillars. The main findings show that while direct gubernatorial elections formally affirm popular sovereignty, their implementation is faced with various juridical and political challenges such as money politics, dynastic politics, and party cartelisation that significantly delegitimized the essence of such sovereignty and undermine the effectiveness of local governance. The comparative analysis offers a spectrum of subnational local government election models, from direct elections to parliamentary appointments, whose success depends largely on the socio-political and constitutional context of each country. Based on these findings, the research recommends a series of multi-faceted reforms that touch not only on the electoral mechanism, but also on campaign finance regulation, political party institutional strengthening, and electoral law enforcement, in order to realise an ideal gubernatorial election design capable of strengthening the quality of democracy and the effectiveness of local governance in Indonesia.
Penelitian ini mengkaji secara komprehensif desain pemilihan gubernur di Indonesia dalam kerangka desentralisasi, dengan fokus utama pada upaya menyeimbangkan prinsip kedaulatan rakyat dan tuntutan efektivitas pemerintahan daerah. Melalui pendekatan hukum normatif, analisis yuridis-deduktif, dan studi perbandingan konstitusional terhadap Amerika Serikat, Jerman, India, Brasil, dan Filipina, artikel ini mengevaluasi dampak desain pemilihan gubernur saat ini terhadap kedua pilar tersebut. Temuan utama menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pemilihan langsung gubernur secara formal mengafirmasi kedaulatan rakyat, implementasinya dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan yuridis dan politis seperti politik uang, politik dinasti, dan kartelisasi partai yang secara signifikan mendelegitimasi esensi kedaulatan tersebut dan melemahkan efektivitas pemerintahan daerah. Analisis komparatif menawarkan spektrum model pemilihan kepala daerah sub-nasional, dari pemilihan langsung hingga penunjukan parlementer, yang keberhasilannya sangat bergantung pada konteks sosio-politik dan konstitusional masing-masing negara. Berdasarkan temuan ini, penelitian merekomendasikan serangkaian reformasi multi-aspek yang tidak hanya menyentuh mekanisme pemilihan, tetapi juga regulasi pendanaan kampanye, penguatan institusi partai politik, dan penegakan hukum pemilu, guna mewujudkan desain pemilihan gubernur yang ideal, yang mampu memperkuat kualitas demokrasi dan efektivitas pemerintahan daerah di Indonesia.
Keywords: Governor Election; Popular Sovereignty; Election System; Regional Head Election