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A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY ABOUT PERCEPTION OF MEDICAL STUDENTS REGARDING PUNISHMENT OF RAPE FOR ACCUSED
No full textBackground: Rape is a significant social and public health problem that has severe shattering effect on victims, including negative consequences on physical health, mental health, academic performance, and interpersonal and social relationships. It is important to know the perception and opinion of young people about the punishment of rape and increase transparency and one’s participation in the implementation of act.
Aim: To spread awareness and portray severity of crime by learning the perception of medical students towards the punishment given for rape accused and to examine dimensionality of rape attitudes and its law in youth.
Methods: Data was collected from 100 randomly selected medical students with the help of questionnaire and verbal discussion with them.
Results: All the students were in the age group of 18 to 24 years. Only 47% were aware about the exact punishment given for accused. Maximum (75%) participants feel that death should be the ideal punishment and it should be given immediately as soon as the accused is found guilty. Inadequate mentality and lack of sex education are considered as major causes that provoke a person to commit rape. Majority of the cases are not reported because of social stigma and family reputation.
Conclusion: Education is the most favored approach to sex related violence in the community. It is important to support every individual, as it plays a vital role in gaining media and government attention, which is a step forward for the betterment of the society, and soon towards the complete eradication of such social and public health issues like rape and sexual assault
Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Disorders In Patients Undergoing Haemodialysis in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-sectional study
No full textBackground: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health problem. Dialysis is the mainstream method of treatment in these patients. This causes the patients to have a monotonous and restricted daily life, joint pain, limiting their activities after treatment onset. Hence this study was carried out to find the prevalence of common musculoskeletal disorders in patients undergoing haemodialysis in a tertiary care hospital.
Method: 50 participants undergoing dialysis in a tertiary care hospital under the age group of 18-70 years diagnosed with stage V CKD were included using convenient sampling. They were assessed using Nordic Questionnaire to locate the different areas of pain.
Result: The first group consisted of 41 participants who underwent dialysis from 2- 41 months. Body regions commonly affected in the last 7 days were low back 25(60.97%); neck 21(51.21%); shoulder 15(36.58%); elbow 14(34.14%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; upper back 14(34.14%); hips/thighs, knees 9(21.95); wrist/hands 7(17.07%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; ankle/feet 6(14.63%). The second group consisted of 9 participants who underwent dialysis from 42-84 months. Body regions commonly affected in the last 7 days were low back 8(88.88%); upper back 7(77.77%); hip/thigh 6(66.66%); neck, knee 5(55.55%); elbow 4(44.44%) in the extremity with arteriovenous fistula; shoulder, ankle/feet, wrist/hands 3(33.33%).
Conclusion: The study concluded that the highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the participants undergoing haemodialysis was low back pain (66%) followed by neck (52%), upper back (42%), shoulder (36%), elbow (36%), hips/thighs (30%), knees (28%), wrist/hands (20%) and ankle/feet pain (18%)
EFFECT OF 5 WEEKS RADIATION THERAPY ON PULMONARY FUNCTIONS IN BREAST CANCER PATIENTS: A PILOT STUDY: Radiation therapy on pulmonary function in breast cancer
No full textABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND: The lung has a very little regenerative capacity; it cannot tolerate long doses of radiation. The critical injuries that eventually lead to impaired ventilation and diffusion capacity are related to total dose, its fractionation, and volume of lung irradiated. The absorption of ionizing radiation causes immediate subcellular and cellular damage while its gross morphological expression in terms of tissue injury.
Aim of study: To observe the effect of 5 weeks of Radiation Therapy on Pulmonary Functions in breast cancer patients Methodology: The study was carried out on ten subjects ranging in the age group of 35-65 years where PFT parameters were recorded initially and at the end of every week for five weeks. Then parameters were compared pre radiation and every week after the radiation therapy for five weeks.
RESULT: Data was analyzed in terms of the mean difference. Statistically, there were no significant changes seen in the PFT parameter values that are pre- radiation and post-radiation every week for five weeks and the p values obtained were for following parameters 1) FVC – 0.487 2) FEV1 – 0.863 3) FEV1/FVC – 0.487 4) FEF25-75% - 5) PEFR- .
CONCLUSION: There were no significant changes that were found in the parameters of the pulmonary function test. Changes in lung volume and capacities are expected after Radiation therapy that is risk of damaging pulmonary parenchyma and losing type 2 pneumocytes but patient never present changes due to compensation in relation to healthy changes which did not receive radiation.
KEY WORDS: Breast Cancer,Radiation Therapy,Pulmonary Function Tes
Bone mineral density and its correlation with Vitamin D status in healthy adults of Manipur – A cross-sectional study
No full textThe levels of vitamin D have an important effect on bone mass in young and old. Hypovitaminosis D adversely affects calcium metabolism, osteoblastic activity, matrix ossification, bone remodeling, and hence bone density. Objective: The present study was conducted to determine the status of serum 25(OH)D and BMD of healthy adult men in Manipur and also to find out the relationship of 25(OH)D level with BMD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Physiology in collaboration with the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Regional Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Imphal from October 2014 to September 2016. 100 Healthy adult males in Manipur in the age group 18-35years and ≥50years were included in the study after obtaining Ethical approval from the Research Ethics Board, RIMS, Imphal. The serum 25-OH vitamin D level was estimated by using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit (IDS immunodiagnostic systems, United Kingdom). The BMD of lumbar spine was determined using enCORE – based X-ray bone densitometer (Lunar Prodigy advance, GE Medical Systems, USA) which is based on DEXA scan. Results: The present study revealed that the majority of subjects with insufficiency of 25(OH)D had low bone mass, whereas all the subjects with 25(OH)D deficiency had BMD readings consistent with osteopenia or osteoporosis in both the age groups. This study also showed a positive correlation between BMD and 25(OH)D in most subjects, particularly in the groups with insufficiency or deficiency of 25(OH)D.Conclusion: In conclusion, the study shows a positive relationship between the serum 25 (OH) D concentrations and BMD.
Keywords: Serum 25(OH)D; Bone mineral density (BMD); Enzyme immunoassay (EIA)
Effect of practicing Yoga on Aerodynamic measures of Voice
No full textYoga is a Sanskrit word which interprets to the meaning “the unity of body and mind”. It is a blend of breathing drills, physical stances, and contemplation, and has been practiced in eastern conventional medicine for more than thousands of years [1]. A modest effort was taken in this study to examine the effect of Long term yoga training on Aerodynamic measures and also to compare and contrast these measures between individuals who practice yoga and who don’t.
A total of 120 phonation samples were obtained from participants who practice yoga and who don’t between the age ranges of 20-40 years. Samples assessing respiratory capacities were also taken from the above subjects. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference [p<0.05] between control group and experimental group for all parameters. Significant difference was also seen between genders [p<0.05]. Significant difference was seen in gender within control group [p=0.02] and also within experimental group [p=0.00].
The prevailing study establishes a positive correlation between practicing yoga and betterment in aerodynamic capacities. The results declare that there was significant escalation in vital capacity, maximum phonation duration, phonation quotient and mean air flow rate for individuals who practice regular yoga when compared to people who don’t. The outcome of the present study is a preliminary step towards creating evidence base for the practice of yoga towards overall aerodynamic improvement in healthy adult
Awareness of oral health among undergraduate Medical Students of Vijayapura city: A cross-sectional survey
No full textBackground: Oral health is integral to general health. Certain systemic diseases can manifest in the oral cavity. Many times an oral examination may lead to the diagnosis of systemic illness. Primary health centers are approached by the majority of the population for their health problems including oral health problems. Hence, general practitioners should have adequate knowledge about oral health which helps in early diagnosis of systemic diseases. Awareness of oral health among general practitioners may help promote oral health among the population.
Aim: The present study was aimed to assess oral health awareness among undergraduate medical students in Vijayapura city.
Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. The questionnaire consisted of pre-tested, closed-ended 21 questions. All the undergraduate students of BLDE (DU) Shri B M Patil Medical college hospital and research center were included in the study. Questions were related to oral health problems and their relation with general health. The data collected were tabulated, analyzed, and subjected to statistical analysis using the Chi-square test.
Results: 57.33% of the participating students had good oral health awareness, 24.43% were found to have fair and 18.24% were found to have poor awareness of oral health.
Conclusions: Overall the undergraduate medical students had good oral health awareness. Awareness of oral health was better among the final year undergraduate students
Conventional radiograph V/S CT for evaluation of sagittal fracture of mandibular condyle: A Case report
No full textCondylar fractures of mandible are not very easy to diagnose radiographicaly. If fracture is vertical, it would be much more difficult to diagnose. Since treatment depends on type of fracture, CT scan is advised rather than conventional radiographs to diagnose condylar fractures.The cases reporting to the hospital during the period of July 2019 to April 2020 were enrolled, of which 2 cases have been reported here. It was observed that there are chances of missing the diagnosis of the condylar fracture if only the conventional radiographs are used. CT along with conventional radiographs should be considered for better treatment and management of the patients with maxillofacial injuries
Transoral microscopic approach to epidermoid cyst in submandibular space
No full textDermoid cysts are developmental anomalies that arise due to defect in the fusion of embryonic lateral mesenchymal approaches during fifth week of embryonic development. Dermoid cysts can be further subdivided into epidermoid , dermoid and teratoid cysts based on the lining epithelium and contents .We present an unusual case of 32 year old female who presented with a swelling in submandibular space, for whom an initial differential diagnosis of plunging ranula was made. The patient underwent an intraoral microscopic excision of tumor under GA following cytology and radiological investigations .Here we would like to stress the importance of multidisciplinary approach to the disease inorder to confirm the diagnosis, considering the manifold differentials and plan surgical approach. Furthermore, the benefits of undergoing an intra oral microscopic excision of the tumor, as it provides better cosmesis , functional outcome and reduced hospital stay
ROLE OF MULTI-SLICE SPIRAL CT IN EVALUATION OF NECK MASS WITH CYTOLOGICAL CORRELATION
No full textAbstract: The swellings in the neck can be caused by innumerable pathological lesions arising from the various anatomical structures lying therein. Multi-Detector CT (MDCT) has now become the new standard in a radiological imaging modality. The utilization of MDCT has resulted in improved resolution and considerable reductions in scan acquisition and display time.
Aim and Objective: This study is an effort to assess the role of MDCT in detection, characterization and diagnosing neck pathologies that correlate cytologically.
Material and Methods: A study of 50 cases in a clinically suspected neck mass was studied for 1 year. Contrast-enhanced Ct neck was done and Specific CT criteria were used to characterize the mass so that a probable diagnosis could be made. MDCT diagnoses then compared with cytological results to conclude the efficiency of MDCT analysis of neck mass.
Conclusion: Multi-detector computed tomography helps in precise anatomical localization and characterization of neck masses. Hence, it will be a method of choice for initial evaluation, preoperative planning, and biopsy targeting and postoperative follow-up.
Key Words: Neck mass; Cervical lymph node; Computed tomography; Carcinoma
CORRELATION OF LOWER LIMB STRENGTH, POWER, WAIST-HIP RATIO AND BMI WITH A SITTING-RISING TEST IN 18-35 YEARS AGE GROUP
No full textPurpose: To investigate the co-relation of sitting-rising test scores with measures of lower extremity strength, power, and body compositions (body mass index and waist-hip ratio). Furthermore, to find out the level of physical activity in the targeted population.
Methods: Participants aged between 18-35 years (n=131) of both genders were recruited in this study. Along with performing sitting-rising test, anthropometric and demographic data were collected to calculate body mass index and waist-hip ratio. Lower extremity strength was assessed using a 30-second chair stand test, and power was assessed using a triple hop test for distance. Also, the Rapid Assessment Disuse Index questionnaire was given to dividing the population into two groups depending on whether they are involved more in physical activity or not.
Results: Sitting-rising test scores showed a positive correlation with lower extremity strength and power, negative correlation with body mass index, and no co-relation with waist-hip ratio. Further, 76 participants out of 131 were less physical activity and had more sedentary behavior.
Conclusion: Sitting-rising from the floor in young adults is influenced by the strength and power of lower extremities and body mass index except for the waist-hip ratio.
Keywords: Sitting-rising test; Lower extremity strength and power; RADI score