Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
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Effect of Rosa gorenkensis Besser aqueous extracts on germination and early growth of native plant species
Get PDFIn Europe, Rosa gorenkensis Besser is considered an invasive species. However, its negative impact on native flora components or other habitat components has not been described so far. In the experiment, the germination reactions of mono- and dicotyledonous plant seeds to the aqueous extracts of R. gorenkensis were investigated to determine the allelopathic potential of this plant. Seeds of common plants – wild-growing Festuca rubra L. and cultivated Raphanus sativus L. var. radicula Pers. cv. ‘Rowa’ were treated with aqueous extracts from the roots, stalks, leaves, and flowers of rosa at concentrations of 1%, 2.5%, and 5%. Along with the increase in the concentration of allelochemical compounds in the extracts, the negative influence of the extracts on the germination capacity of the tested seeds species was found. Regardless of the type of extract, inhibition of the growth of the underground and aboveground parts of seedlings was also observed. Changes in biomass and water content, depending on the concentration and type of the extract, were found. The greatest differences in the electrolytes leakage in seedlings watered with 5% extracts were revealed. The study showed that the aqueous extracts of leaves and flowers of this species had the greatest allelopathic potential
Short-term effect of biochar on the improvement of calcareous soil biological properties and marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) growth under greenhouse conditions in a Mediterranean climate
No full textIn the cultivation of medicinal and aromatic plants may be possible to improve the biological properties of the soil and to grow plants with properties close to those in the natural environment by using the valuable organic matter resources obtained by special methods such as biochar in an economical. In this study, oak wood biochar (OBC) was used as fertilizing material for aromatic marjoram cultivation and applied to soil as follows: 0 t ha-1 OBC-control (OBC-0), 20 t ha-1 OBC (OBC-2), 40 t ha-1 OBC (OBC-4), 60 t ha-1 OBC (OBC-6), 0 t ha-1 OBC + chemical fertilizer (OBC-0+CF), 20 t ha-1 biochar + chemical fertilizer (OBC-2+CF), 40 t ha-1 biochar + chemical fertilizer (OBC-4+CF), 60 t ha-1 biochar + chemical fertilizer (OBC-6+CF). Afterwards, the effects of the applications on the biological properties of the soil where marjoram is grown and the physical properties of the plant, volatile oil yield and oil components were investigated. Accordingly, it was determined that the number of bacteria and enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, β-glycosidase) of the soil reached with the biochar applications alone. It was determined that the application that increased the green herb yield the most with the fresh and dry weight of marjoram was the application of the biochar with chemical fertilizer added. On the other hand, in contrast to the addition of chemical fertilizers, it was determined that the application of biochar alone increased the volatile oil rate and the amount of carvacrol and thymol in the plant
Adaptation of Salvia fruticosa, S. officinalis, S. ringens and interspecific hybrids in an extensive green roof under two irrigation frequencies
No full textWith the ultimate goal of introducing new species of sage to the green roof industry, the adaptation of the Mediterranean sage species Salvia fruticosa, S. officinalis, S. ringens and the interspecific hybrids S. fruticosa × S. ringens and S. officinalis × S. ringens was investigated, under normal and sparse irrigation in an extensive green roof in Athens, Greece. Rooted cuttings were planted (April 2021) on shallow (10 cm) substrate (grape-marc compost: perlite: pumice, 3:3:4, v/v) and irrigated when substrate moisture was 16-22% (normal irrigation) or 7-11% (sparse irrigation). All sage types established satisfactorily on the green roof, even under sparse irrigation, except S. fruticosa, which had the highest vegetative growth and at the end of the experiment (September 2021) showed the highest mortality rate regardless of irrigation frequency. Similar to the S. fruticosa response showed the S. fruticosa × S. ringens hybrid under normal irrigation. Both hybrids, S. fruticosa × S. ringens and S. officinalis × S. ringens had a lower mortality rate under sparse irrigation compared to the parental species. S. officinalis × S. ringens formed more lateral shoots than its parental species and had an almost spherical compact canopy, which is a nice feature for an ornamental plant. S. officinalis and S. ringens developed bigger horizontal diameter, which is valued for rapid substrate coverage in a green roof installation. All sage types flowered except S. fruticosa. All sage types showed higher values of stomatal resistance under sparse irrigation, while ΦPSIIo values under both irrigation frequencies indicated normal operation of the photosynthetic apparatus. S. officinalis, S. ringens and S. officinalis × S. ringens hybrid are highly recommended for sustainable extensive green roofs in arid/semi-arid regions
Phylogenetic analysis of some fungi species in West Kazakhstan based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences
Get PDFIn this study, phylogenetic analysis of some fungal species distributed in West Kazakhstan was performed based on ITS sequences. All of the mushroom samples were collected from different regions of West Kazakhstan and brought to the laboratory. Total genomic DNA was extracted using a GeneMark commercial kit. ITS1 and ITS4 primers were used for the amplification of the ITS region in PCR analyses. The resulting DNA sequences were then edited using BioEdit and FinchTV. For phylogenetic analysis used MEGA 6.0 program. As a result of the study, ITS sequences ranged from 532 to 715 nucleotides, while the divergence values of the sequences differed between 0.000 and 0.468. The maximum likelihood tree constructed using ITS sequences consists of two clades. According to the phylogenetic analysis results obtained using other fungal species, ITS results were found to be a good indicator for the differentiation of fungal genera
Quality study of PDO (Protected Designation of Origin) Greek white wines of the grape variety ‘Debina’
Get PDFIn this study ‘Debina’ (Zitsa, Ioannina, Greece) wines (WD: white dry and WDS: white dry sparkling) were examined in terms of their quality (chemical, physicochemical and sensory) parameters. The concentration of alcohol in both wines was practically stable (p>0.05) from the stage of fermentation to packaging and specifically, the rates were 12 and 11.4% vol for WD and WDS wines, respectively. Total sugar concentrations were equal to 1.4 g/l and 1.2 g/l in WD and WDS wines, respectively. WD wine had final total acidity, volatile acidity and pH values of 4.9 g/l tartaric acid, 0.19 g/l acetic acid and 3.15, respectively. While, WDS wine had final total acidity, volatile acidity and pH value of 6.0 g/l tartaric acid, 0.15 g/l acetic acid and 3.11, respectively. Τotal sulfite content of wine samples decreased and final values of 90.6 mg/l and 99.8 mg/l, in the last production stage, for the WD and WDS wines, were recorded, respectively. According to the data of the study, all wines received a high acceptability sensory score, as judged by the panellists. It must be reported that the sensory scores were on average, 1 point higher for the WDS wines, as compared to the WD wines
Nutritional quality, fatty acids content and antioxidant capacity of pecan nut fruits from Criolla and Improved walnut varieties
Get PDFIn the current study were evaluated the nutrimental quality, fatty acid and mineral content, and antioxidant capacity of pecan nut of Criolla and Improved walnut varieties. Nut fruit samples of three Criolla walnut varieties (‘Nazas I’, ‘Nazas II’ and ‘Norteña’), and two Improved varieties (‘Western’ and ‘Wichita’) were collected in La Laguna (Nazas, Durango) in Northern Mexico. The analyses run in nut samples were: bromatological and mineral content, fatty acids profile and antioxidant capacity. The results showed that Criolla and Improved varieties had similar bromatological content except ‘Nazas I’, which had the lowest protein and fat content. Furthermore, nuts from Criolla varieties had a higher mineral content, including iron (~38 mg/100 g dw), zinc (~51 mg/100 g dw) and manganese (25 mg/100 g dw). Besides, the fatty acid profile indicates a higher rate of oleic acid (71%) in nut oil of Criolla varieties than in Improved varieties (61%). Regarding antioxidant capacity (AC) the obtained values were similar in all varieties, with ‘Norteña’ variety (850 µM trolox equivalent/g of oil) in Criolla, and ‘Western’ (800 µM trolox equivalent/g of oil) in Improved as the highest values of AC among all varieties. Hence, pecan nut fruits of Criolla varieties are good nutrients and beneficial health compounds source for consumers, and their production and marketing represent interesting opportunity areas for nut producers
Genome-wide identification of WD40 superfamily genes and prediction of WD40 gene of flavonoid-related genes in Ginkgo biloba
No full textThe WD40 transcription factor family is a superfamily found in eukaryotes and implicated in regulating growth and development. In this study, 167 WD40 family genes are identified in the Ginkgo biloba genome. They are divided into 5 clusters and 16 subfamilies based on the difference analysis of a phylogenetic tree and domain structures. The distribution of WD40 genes in chromosomes, gene structures, and motifs is analyzed. Promoter analysis shows that five GbWD40 gene promoters contain the MYB binding site participating in the regulation of flavonoid metabolism, suggesting that these five genes may participate in the regulation of flavonoid synthesis in G. biloba. The correlation analysis is carried out based on FPKM value of WD40 gene and flavonoid content in 8 tissues of G. biloba. Six GbWD40 genes that may participate in flavonoid metabolism are screened. The biological functions of the WD40 family genes in G. biloba are systematically analyzed, providing a foundation for further elucidating their regulatory mechanisms. A number of WD40 candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis and metabolism of G. biloba also predicted. This study presents an important basis and direction for conducting further research on the regulatory network of flavonoid synthesis and metabolism
Screening high potassium efficiency potato genotypes and physiological responses at different potassium levels
Get PDFPotato (Solanum tuberosum L.) growth and production is highly dependent on potassium (K) levels in the soil. Southwest China is the largest potato production region but it has low availability of soil potassium. To assess the genetic variation in K use efficiency, 20 potato genotypes were collected to compare the yield and K content in a pot experiment. Moreover, ‘Huayu-5’ and ‘Zhongshu-19’ were cultivated in five K applications to investigate the K distribution and sucrose in different organs. The results indicated that there were highly significant effects of K, genotype and K×G interactions on tuber yield, plant and tuber K content, plant K uptake efficiency and K harvest index. Cluster analysis classified 20 potato genotypes into four types: DH (high efficiency at low and high K application), LKH (high efficiency at low K application), HKH (high efficiency at high K application) and DL (low efficiency at low and high K application). The potassium distribution percentage in the tubers of the potassium-efficient genotype was higher than that of the potassium-inefficient genotype under low potassium application. The sucrose content in the tuber gently declined as the application of K rose in both cultivars, and that in the tuber of ‘Huayu-5’ was higher than that in ‘Zhongshu-19’. ‘Huayu-5’ reached the highest yield when the potassium application was 159.45 kg ha-1, and ‘Zhongshu-19’ reached the highest yield when the potassium application was 281.4 kg ha-1. This study indicated that genetic variation for K utilization efficiency existed among 20 genotypes, and yield in low K application and relative yield were suitable criteria for screening K utilization efficiency genotypes
Mitigation of salinity stress by exogenous application of cytokinin in faba bean (Vicia faba L.)
Get PDFSoil salinity limits agricultural land use and crop productivity, thereby a major threat to global food safety. Plants treated with several phytohormones including cytokinins were recently proved as a powerful tool to enhance plant’s adaptation against various abiotic stresses. The current study was designed to investigate the potential role of 6-benzyladenine (BA) to improve broad bean (Vicia faba L.) salinity tolerance. The salt-stressed broad bean plantlets were classified into two groups, one of which was sprayed with water and another was sprayed with 200 ppm of BA. Foliar applications of BA to salt-exposed plants promoted the growth performance which was evidenced by enhanced root-shoot fresh and dry biomass. Reduced proline was strongly connected to the enhanced soluble proteins and free amino acids contents, protecting plant osmotic potential following BA treatment in salt-stressed broad bean. BA balanced entire mineral homeostasis and improved mineral absorption and translocation from roots to shoots, shoots to seeds and roots to seeds in salt-stressed plants. Excessive salt accumulation increased malondialdehyde level in leaves creating oxidative stress and disrupting cell membrane whereas BA supplementation reduced lipid peroxidation and improved oxidative defence. BA spray to salinity-stressed plants also compensated oxidative damage by boosting antioxidants defence mechanisms, as increased the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase. Moreover, clustering heatmap and principal component analysis revealed that mineral imbalances, osmotic impairments and increased oxidative damage were the major contributors to salts toxicity, on the contrary, BA-augmented mineral homeostasis and higher antioxidant capacity were the reliable markers for creating salinity stress tolerance in broad bean. In conclusion, the exogenous application of BA alleviated the antagonistic effect of salinity and possessed broad bean to positively regulate the osmoprotectants, ion homeostasis, antioxidant activity and finally plant growth and yield, perhaps suggesting these easily-accessible and eco-friendly organic compounds could be powerful tools for the management of broad bean growth as well as the development of plant resiliency in saline prone soils
Introduction pages
No full textNotulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca (NBHA): The papers published in Issue 1, Volume 49, 2021 represent new exciting researches in different topics of life science, respectively in plant science, horticulture, agronomy and crop science. Among the interesting articles we invite you to find news about:
Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals gene network regulation of TGase-induced thermotolerance in tomato; Characterization the coding and non-coding RNA components in the transcriptome of invasion weed Alternanthera philoxeroides; Morphometric analysis and sequence related amplified polymorphism determine genetic diversity in Salvia species; Viral diagnosis in cultivars of Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.; Influence of fertilizer and salicylic acid treatments on growth, physiological, and antioxidant characteristics in green and red Perilla frutescens varieties; In-vitro evaluation of antioxidant and antiradical potential of successive extracts, semi-purified fractions and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles of Rumex vesicarius; Zoophagous entomofauna and entomopathogenic agents reported on Cydalima perspectalis (Walker, 1859) in north-western of Romania; Vegetative propagation and ex-situ conservation of Acantholimon androsaceum and Limonium chersonesum, two promising local endemics of Crete (Greece) available for floricultural and pharmaceutical sustainable exploitation; Quality attributes during maturation of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Red Delicious’ apples grown in two geographical regions with different environmental conditions, etc.
The Impact Factor communicated by ISI Clarivate, June 29, 2020, is IF 2019 = 1.168 (position 149 of 234 journals, Q3 in Plant Sciences). The metrics in Scopus – Elsevier (June 22, 2020): CiteScore 1.40 (#43/84 in Horticulture); SJR 0.35 - Q2, #41/90 in Horticulture (SJR Scimago Journal).
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Announcement
From Volume 49, Issue 1, 2021, Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca journal will use article numbers in place of the traditional method of continuous pagination through the volume. This step helps us to maintain a rapid, efficient production process by being able to define pagination as soon as a paper is accepted.
For papers that use article numbers, the page number of full-text articles will start from 1 to the last page and the citation needs only to list the article number. The journal will continue to appear quarterly, as before, with four annual numbers (see Publication Frequency)