Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca
Not a member yet
2546 research outputs found
Sort by
Induction of organogenesis and callogenesis in Limbarda crithmoïdes L. (Asteraceae) explants cultured on MS media supplemented with various concentrations of Na+ and K+
Get PDFThe present work describes an efficient micropropagation and callus induction protocol of Limbarda crithmoïdes L. (Asteraceae), a halophyte species with medicinal and horticultural interests. The objective was to identify the culture media that support the best organogenesis and callogenic expressions of four types of aerial explants; nodal and internodal segments and leaf portions, by varying the mineral composition of twenty culture media by adding increasing concentrations of Na+ (from 0-100 mM) and K+ (from 0-50 mM). After two months of culture, parameters relating to the various expressions of organogenesis and callogenesis were measured. Results showed that the K+ and Na+ interactions affect the explants development. The combination of high concentrations of Na+ (50, 100 mM) and K+ (50 mM) ions allowed the most important regeneration of the axillary shoots (70.6-100%), root neoformation (82.6-96.1%) and callus induction (76.3-100%). Rooted plantlets with well-developed axillary shoots have been successfully acclimatized with a 93% of survival rate. The selected media would allow a large-scale multiplication of this medicinal species, without adding exogenous phytohormones, and could be used for the micropropagation of other threatened halophyte species or for the production of callus; rich in secondary metabolites
Effect of postharvest exogenous edible coating treatments on inhibitor browning and maintaining quality of fresh mushroom
Get PDFThe shelf-life of fresh mushrooms is limited to 1-3 days at ambient conditions and antioxidant characters are reduced and acquire a brown colour during post-harvest storage. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of some postharvest exogenous edible coating treatments of immersed in six different solutions for 5 min of calcium chloride (2%, 4%), chitosan (1%, 2%), CMC (1%, 2%) and control (distilled water) on reducing the browning, microbial load and maintaining quality during storage for 15 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH, during two successive seasons of 2021 and 2022 in 4th and 6th of January in the first and second seasons respectively. The obtained results revealed that dipping mushroom plants in a solution of chitosan 2% or calcium chloride 4% was the best treatment for reducing weight loss, while chitosan 2% for 5 min was the most effective treatment in reducing browning, PPO activity, total phenolic, flavonoids contents and inhibiting microbial counts for 12 days at 4 ± 1 °C and 95% RH
Hexane extract of Telosma cordata enhances neurite outgrowth via the epigenetically regulated genes expression in neuronal cells
Get PDFTelosma cordata has long been consumed as foods and herbal medicine. The aim of this research is to investigate the potential biological activities of Telosma cordata flower (TCF) extracts and their molecular mechanisms in the treatment of neurological diseases, especially dementia. In general, the plant samples were successfully identified through DNA barcoding regions, utilizing matK, trnH-psbA, and rbcL markers. The ethanol extract and its fraction exhibited significantly high acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Moreover, hexane extract of T. cordata displayed the most potent neurotrophic activity in a preliminary cell-based screening based on C6 cells neurite outgrowth. Additionally, hexane extract of T. cordata demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. Finally, the hexane extract of T. cordata upregulated the expression of BDNF, NGF and acetyl H3 in C6 cells, affecting both mRNA and protein levels. These findings indicate that Telosma cordata could be a strong candidate for developing pharmacological drugs to treat dementia and neurodegenerative diseases
Water use efficiency (WUE) and productivity of promising quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild.) genotypes grown under three water regimes
Get PDFQuinoa is one of the most nutritious grains and currently has attention due to its adaptation to a wide range of environments and abiotic stresses. This study was conducted under field conditions of an arid agro-ecosystem to evaluate the response physiological and yield of nineteen elite quinoa genotypes grown under three water regimes (95, 65, and 35% Field capacity) using a drip system in sandy soil. The experiment design was a split-plot in a randomized complete block design during the 2019/20 and 2020/21 growing seasons. The results showed significant differences among evaluated genotypes, water treatments, and their interaction. Fluorescence chlorophyll components were sensitive to water stress and strongly decreased at low soil moisture. Fluorescence (Fo) was the most correlated with seed yield and water use efficiency (WUE) under both full irrigation and drought stress. This may be used for improving yield and WUE in breeding programs. The optimum WUE achieved from moderate irrigation (65% FC), indicated the importance of detecting water requirements. The seed production ranges between 3.8 and 2.2 t ha-1 under full irrigation, and it decreases to reach 62.8% under water regimes. The most suitable genotypes for growing under full irrigation were ‘V9’, ‘Apelawa’, ‘30TES’, and ‘27GR’ which produced 3.8, 3.7, 3.5, and 3.5 t ha-1, respectively. The highest seed yield under stream drought (1.4 t ha-1) was produced by ‘Ames 10334’ and ‘QU629-99’. However, the genotype ‘Apelawa’ could outperform under different moisture conditions. It produced 1.2 t ha-1 under stream drought thus, recommended to cultivate it, especially in zones where precipitation fluctuates
Neuroprotective evaluation of Marsilea quadrifolia L. and Salvinia molesta D.S Mitchel in aluminium chloride induced Alzheimer disease
Get PDFPhenolic compounds are very effective for the cure of various neurological and pathological diseases. Current study was conducted to estimate the Phenolic compounds through HPLC and to perform the anti-Alzheimer activity from two aquatic Leptosporangiate ferns; Marsilea quadrifolia L. and Salvinia molesta D. Crushed leaves were subjected to Microwave Assisted Extraction to prepare plant leave ethanolic extract of plants under study. Aluminum chloride induced Alzheimer’s disease model in rats by estimating behavioural and biochemical parameters were measured for ethanolic extract of both plants. Different behavioural tests were performed for neuromuscular coordination estimation and hole board test for exploratory behaviour were performed. The levels of AChE inhibitory activity and antioxidant enzymes were estimated on brain homogenates and Histopathological analysis were also performed. Phenolic compounds of leaf extracts were noted for HPLC chromatograms of standard compounds with Gallic acid (33.76 ± 0.08) higher in M. quadrifolia L. and Salicylic acid (12.45 ± 0.07) higher in S. molesta D. S Mitchel. Histopathological analysis showed that M. quadrifolia and S. molesta reversed the neurofibrillary tangles, degenerative changes, neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in the brain architecture. Both ferns at a dose of 500 mg/kg and 1000mg/kg significantly improved the Aluminium chloride induced neurotoxicity by modulating cognitive disabilities and motor dysfunctions, and normalized the biochemical alteration of acetylcholinesterase and antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, both plants M. quadrifolia and S. molesta improved behavioural and biochemical parameters and therefore will be effective in treatment of neurodegenerative disorders via countless underlying mechanistic pathways
Carboxylesterase from edible legume seeds and their sensitivity to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides
Get PDFCarboxylesterase from edible legume seeds, including black gram bean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper), mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) and red bean (Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi and Ohashi) has been partially purified using the ammonium sulphate salting-out procedure. The specific activity of the partially purified carboxylesterase extracted from black gram bean, mung bean and red bean are 3.96±0.26, 1.51±0.10 and 1.29±0.08 U/mg, respectively (p<0.05). The carboxylesterase from black gram bean showed very high sensitivity to 24 types of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) and 7 types of carbamate pesticides (CAs) at the concentrations of 0.001-3.0 µg/ml. The limit of detection (LOD) obtained for OPs and CAs pesticide residues were 0.002 and 0.01 mg/kg, respectively. For performance assessment of methods for pesticide determination in vegetables, all performance parameter values, including sensitivity, accuracy, and specificity of the carboxylesterase enzyme inhibition method, are 100% compared with commercial pesticide test kits and are 70.5%, 90%, and 100%, respectively, compared with chromatographic method analysis
Ethnobotany of Hmong ethnic groups in Bolikhamxay province, central Laos PDR
Get PDFResults from an ethnobotany study of Hmong ethnic groups in Bolikhamxay Province, Laos PDR between 2021 and 2023 identifies plant uses for 133 species, 104 genera, and 50 families. The research focusses on specific plant uses. Quantitative analyses are applied with Use Value (UV), Fidelity Level (FL), and Informant Agreement Ratio (IAR). Cluster analysis based on the Jaccard’s Similarity Index (JI) are calculated for the similarity of edible plant used in three areas as follows: cultivated, from the forest, and in the market. The most important plant species are Imperata cylindrica (L.) Raeusch. with a UV of 3.45 followed by Calamus viminalis Willd. (2.85) and Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe (2.83). The highest FL value for 23 plant species with 100% FL. The highest consensus within ailment categories is for urinary system symptoms, neurological symptoms and oral syndrome (IAR=1.00). The JI varies between 0.1013 and 0.2981; the highest JI is for pairs of cultivated and in the market. UPGMA cluster analysis indicates that the plants are collected from isolated forests with low similarity to other areas. Considering the numerous useful plants that have been documented, along with the identification of culturally and historically significant species, as well as their distribution and conservation status, it becomes evident that forest conservation is crucial for preserving the livelihoods and associated ethnobotanical knowledge of the local and indigenous people in Bolikhamxay Province
Curcuma ubonensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species of Curcuma subgen. hitcheniopsis from Eastern Thailand
Get PDFCurcuma ubonensis Boonma, Saensouk, Maknoi & P. Saensouk sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) was recently discovered in Ubon Ratchathani Province, Eastern Thailand. Specimen identification involves comparing their morphology with descriptions in similar species' protologues. We performed measurements on specimens collected from their natural habitats, both living and preserved. Despite its resemblances with Curcuma prasina Škorničk. in having greenish inflorescence with small purple flowers that lack of epigynous glands, yet this novel species displays distinct features of a brownish-red margin of petiole (vs. C. prasina has green margin), lamina elliptic, 3.8-7.0 cm wide, margin brownish red (vs. narrowly elliptic, 1.5-3.2 cm wide, margin green); coma bract present (vs. absent), fertile bracts uniquely triangular-obovate, apex rounded (vs. almost orbicular, apex acute), and labellum reddish purple with four white stripes by two stripes rarely pale yellow extending from the basal to half of the sinus, and another two stripes from the basal along the longitudinally of each lobe to half the length of the lobe, with yellow at the middle groove of the labellum almost to the base (vs. purple with a bright yellow and swollen median band composed of two central lines extending from the base to about two-thirds the length of the labellum towards the apex, sides of the labellum with paler lines radiating towards the margin). Meticulous examination and morphological comparison of Curcuma ubonensis with related species within the Curcuma genus reveals its novelty. We comprehensively accounted for its morphological traits, including illustrations, vernacular name, ecological preferences, phenology, distribution, traditional uses, conservation status, distribution map, and a comparative table to its ally species. Furthermore, we present an updated identification key for differentiating species within the Curcuma subgenus Hitcheniopsis in Thailand
Effects of exogenous brassinolide and AM fungi on growth, photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme system of Leymus chinensis under salt and alkali stress
Get PDFSalinity and alkali stresses are a major abiotic stress negatively affecting crop productivity around the globe. Therefore, it is mandatory to develop the effective measures to mitigate the adverse impacts of these stresses for ensuring sustainable crop productivity and food security. Therefore, a pot experiment determined the effects of brassinolide application, inoculation with AM fungi (Funneliformis mosseae) and their combined use on the growth, photosynthesis and antioxidant system of Leymus chinensis under saline-alkali stress (0, 150 mmol/L). The mechanism of the two to alleviate the saline-alkali stress of L. chinensis was explored. The physiological and biochemical indexes of Leymus chinensis were significantly affected under saline-alkali stress (150 mmol/L). Inoculation of AM fungi and application of brassinolide effectively increased the biomass accumulation in the upper part (∼ 25-40%) and root (15-35%) system of L. chinensis under saline-alkali stress. Further AMF also improved photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b), photosynthetic rate (Pn), Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), stomata conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), chlorophyll fluorescence antioxidant enzymes (SOD: superoxide dismutase. CAT: catalase APX: ascorbate peroxidase, GR: Glutathione reductase) activity, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA: ∼ 40-50%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2: ∼ 30-40%) accumulation. Therefore, under saline-alkali stress conditions, the combination of brassinolide and AM fungi proved better to mitigate their toxic effects.
Allelopathic interactions of brown mustard (Brassica juncea L.) with other aromatic plants during germination and seedling development
Get PDFOrganic compounds originating from plant metabolism and reaching the environment may inhibit or stimulate germination and early developmental processes of other plants grown in the vicinity. The aim of this study was to investigate the allelopathic interactions of brown mustard with four other aromatic plants (summer savoury, coriander, caraway and common sage). While health-promoting metabolites of brown mustard are thoroughly investigated and the plant receives an increasing interest from cultivators of aromatic and medicinal plants, its allelopathic interactions with other aromatic plants are poorly documented. The experiments were performed in closed germination vessels, under controlled conditions. The influence of the presence or absence of light, as well as of a sufficient or reduced water supply on the co-germination of brown mustard seeds with each of the other four aromatic plants was also evaluated. The presence of brown mustard reduced the germination velocity of caraway, coriander, sage and savoury. It inhibited stem elongation, but stimulated root growth of savoury. Shoot growth of coriander seedlings was enhanced by the vicinity of brown mustard plantlets. Caraway slowed down the germination of brown mustard seeds, but it stimulated root and stem elongation of the seedlings. The presence of savoury enhanced the fresh biomass production of brown mustard. Common sage inhibited root growth, but stimulated stem elongation of brown mustard plantlets. Most of the allelopathic effects were more pronounced under water shortage than under sufficient water supply. Positive interspecific influences on biomass production were, in most cases, more pronounced in the presence of light. The findings may contribute to optimization of brown mustard cultivation in small parcels, in the vicinity of other aromatic plants, some allelopathic interactions being able to stimulate growth and developmental processes in an environmental-friendly and cost-effective manner